Lahdenpohja

Until 1924, the place was called in the Finnish springs Sieklahti ("Sieve Bay") and was part of the village of Yakkim (also Yakima ); in Russian sources, the place until 1918 was called the Yakimvar station or the Yakimvara station (also from the name of the village of Yakima) ^[3] . In 1924, it was allocated into an independent village of Lahdenpohja. In its name, fin is distinguished . lahti - "bay" and Karelian. pohja - “the far corner, the end of the bay, the bay”, literally: “the edge of the bay”, which indicates that the city is really located deep in the bay of Lake Ladoga (the end or the far corner of the bay) ^[4] .

The city is located on the banks of the Yakimvar Bay of Lake Ladoga on the Aura-Yoki River .

The first traces of a person’s stay in these parts date back to about 2000 BC.

By 800-1100, the first villages appeared; fortresses were built on the shores of Lake Ladoga.

In 1323, the territory of the present Lahdenpohsky district became part of the Kiryazh graveyard of the Novgorod Republic , which at the end of the 15th century together with other Novgorod lands became part of the Russian state .

In 1500, on the site of the future city of Lahdenpohja, there was a village Yakkima, which is part of the Kiryazhsky churchyard, in which 168 families lived. After 70 years, only 6 of them remained, the rest fled to the monasteries, fleeing the Swedish raids .

According to the terms of the Stolbov Treaty in 1617, the territory of Kiryazhsky churchyard became part of the Kingdom of Sweden .

In 1721, as a result of the Northern War , the territory of the region was liberated by Russian troops and again annexed to Russia.

Since 1809, the territory of the Grand Duchy of Finland of the Russian Empire .

In the years 1845-1850. built the architectural dominant of Lahdenpohja - the Lutheran church of the parish of Jaakimma with a capacity of 3 thousand people. (arch. - Karl Engel ).

As part of Finland

From 1918 (after the declaration of independence of Finland ) until the end of the Soviet-Finnish War of 1939-1940 Lahdenpohja - Kunta (municipality or volost of Finland ).

Until 1924, the city was called Sieklahti (known since 1600), was part of the village of Yakkim.

In 1920-1930 woodworking plants developed, sawmills and pulp mills were built. On the basis of the industrial enterprise of JSC “Laatokan Puu”, the village of Lahdenpohja appeared; in 1924, the village received the status of an urban-type settlement.

In 1925, the State Council of Finland approved the creation of a plywood mill in Lahdenpohja with an authorized capital of 5 million marks ^[5] .

In 1930, the village became a popular tourist destination, ships departing from it to the Valaam archipelago .

During the years of the Soviet-Finnish wars of 1939-1940 and 1941-1944

Following the results of the Soviet-Finnish War (1939-1940), Lahdenpohja retired to the USSR according to the conditions of the Moscow Peace Treaty of 1940 ; included in the Karelian-Finnish SSR. Finland carried out the evacuation of the Finnish population of the entire Northern Ladoga .

In August 1941, during the Second World War (Soviet-Finnish War (1941-1944)), Finnish troops went to Ladoga and captured Jaakkim and Lahdenpohja. As the front line advanced, some Finnish residents were able to return from evacuation even before the onset of 1942. In 1942, more than 70% of the residents of the Kunt ( Finnish parish ) of Lahdenpohja returned to their homes. Soviet historical science lists Lahdenpohju occupied by Finnish troops from September 1941 to September 1944.

After the Moscow armistice of 1944, Lahdenpohja again departed to the USSR, and the Finnish population again left it.

As part of the USSR

After the transition of Lahdenpohja to the USSR, there was a prisoner of war camp in the building of the Lutheran church.

In 1956–91 Lahdenpohja is a city within the Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic . The Lutheran church was used as a hostel, and then the warehouse of the town hall. In 1977, the church burned down.

Post-Soviet period

In the early 1990s, two granite blocks of the monument to the local Finnish soldiers who died in 1918 were returned to the ruins of the church , a memorial cross was erected.

With the participation of Finland, the walls of the temple were preserved ^[6] .

The coat of arms was approved in 1997 (authors V. Ya. Stepanenko and L. L. Neiken).

The emblem is a rectangular shield of the Varangian type ... In the upper part of the shield on a red background is a silver sailboat - a symbol of navigation and trade. On the right side, on a green background, a golden sheaf is depicted, symbolizing the importance for the agricultural area. On the left side two flying cranes are depicted, reflecting the name of the historical center of the district - Kurkiyoki ("Crane River").

- Heraldry of Karelia

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The city-forming enterprise - Lakhdenpohsky plywood mill “Bumeks” ^[21] - was organized in the 1950s. based on the former Finnish plywood factory - a joint-stock company Laatokan Puu Oy of Ladoga Timber Ab ^[5] .

There are timber industry enterprises , a logging station, a bakery . In 2003, the Aalto Distillery was launched ^[22]

By order of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 29, 2014 N 1398-r (as amended on November 24, 2015) “On the approval of the list of single-industry towns”, the city is included in the list of single-industry towns of the Russian Federation with risks of worsening socio-economic situation ^[23] .

The stopping point (Yakkima station) of the Oktyabrskaya Railway on the section of Elisenvaara - Sortavala of the road St. Petersburg - Suoyarvi .

Highways of local importance. Federal District A - 129 "St. Petersburg - Sortavala" runs through the district.

The city has one city bus route No. 1 “Yakkima- Khuukhkanymaki station ”. The following suburban and intercity routes also pass through the city:

• local bus number 700 Lahdenpohja - Sortavala;
• intercity bus No. 544 Lahdenpohja - Petrozavodsk;
• intercity bus number 805 Sortavala - St. Petersburg;
• intercity bus number 807 Petrozavodsk - Sortavala - St. Petersburg.

• Mass grave of soldiers of the 23rd Army of the Northern Front, who died in late June – August 1941 in defensive battles against the Finnish troops. More than 600 Soviet soldiers and officers were buried here ^[24] .

• Inactive Lutheran Church in Lumivaara , memorial burial of Finnish soldiers who died in 1939-1944.
• The ruins of the Lutheran church of the Yakkim community in Lahdenpohja.
• Relatively close to the city is the island of Valaam .
• Kurkiek local history center. It is located in the village of Kurkiyki, at the foot of the Karelian settlement Lynnavuori - a cultural monument of federal significance ^[25] .
• Ruskeala marble canyon is a delightfully beautiful object of artificial origin. ^[25]
• Korela is a stone fortress in the city of Priozersk ^[26] .

• Kornienko Gennady Alexandrovich (born 1954) - Russian statesman, colonel general .

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  The ruins of the Lutheran church of the parish of Yakkim (Lahdenpoh district)

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  Chapel of St. Great Martyr Valentine, built in 2004

• Naken L. L. Lahdenpohja. - Petrozavodsk: "Karelia", 1989 - 96 p.: Ill. - (Cities and regions of Karelia)

• Site of Lahdenpohja
• The site of the administration of local government of Lakhdenpohsky
• Site of Lahdenpohsky urban settlement
• Jaakkima - Lahdenpohja
• Finnish site about Lahdenpohja
• Topographic maps