Zarechny (Sverdlovsk region)

By order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of July 2, 1955 on land allotment for the construction site of the Beloyarsk TPP. Construction was announced by the All-Union Komsomol shock, and the village of Pervostroiteley was named Zarechny, Sverdlovsk Region.

In 1957, the Decree of the Council of Ministers and the Central Committee of the CPSU of the USSR adopted a decision on the construction of a nuclear power plant at the site of Beloyarsk TPP. Six years were required to create a hydroelectric complex - the Beloyarsk reservoir, today the pearl of Zarechny. The project of the world's first industrial nuclear power plant was created under the supervision of I.V. Kurchatov. The launch of the 1st power unit with a capacity of 100 MW took place on 04/26/1964, the launch of the 2nd power unit with a capacity of 200 MW was carried out on December 29, 1967 ^[3] .

On April 8, 1980, the 3rd power unit of the Belarusian nuclear power plant with a fast neutron reactor was launched. At present, it is the largest successfully operated power unit in the world with fast neutron technology and a sodium coolant. Today, intensive work is underway to create an innovative project for the 4th power unit BN-800 with a fast neutron reactor. The commissioning of the power unit will allow us to approach the implementation of the main idea of ​​creating fast neutron power units and the implementation of a nuclear closed fuel cycle.

In parallel with the creation of nuclear power plants, the IVV-2 research reactor was being built, which became one of the country's high-flow reactors and the foundation of the research institute — the Sverdlovsk branch of NIKIET. He entered the top three largest nuclear research centers of the USSR.

Currently, the research institute operates under the name Institute of Reactor Materials (IRM). IRM specializes in work in the field of radiation materials science, solid state physics. The Institute produces more than 10 types of isotopes used in industry and medicine.

On July 18, 2015, the construction of 4 power units of the Beloyarsk NPP was launched, which was connected to the power grid on December 10, 2015, and the commercial launch took place on October 31, 2016.

The city is located on the Pyshma River, 40 km east of Yekaterinburg . The Zarechny urban district unites: the city of Zarechny, the village of Mezenskoye, the villages of Gagarka, Boyarka and Kurmanka; located in the Middle Urals, in the southern part of the Sverdlovsk region. and covers an area of ​​29927 hectares. The oldest settlement in the district is s. Mezenskoe, founded in 1612 ^[3] .

In the urban district Zarechny passes:

- Federal highway: Yekaterinburg - Tyumen ;

- a highway of regional significance: Yekaterinburg - Tyumen; Student's Village - Bolshoi Brusyany;

- local roads: with. Mezen - v. Kurmanka - v. Boyarka; with. Mezenskoye - the village of Kurmanka - the village of Boyarka - the sanatorium "Bazhenovo"; with. Mezenskoye - Zarechny city; Boyarka village - Beloyarsky reservoir waterworks; with. Mezenskoye - Bazhenovo station;

Railways: Yekaterinburg - Tyumen; Art. Bazhenovo - the city ​​of Asbest ; Mezensky junction - Kurmanka village.

The territory of the municipality is confined to the junction zone of the mountainous part of the Urals and the West Siberian Lowland, is zonally homogeneous, and is located in the southern taiga subzone.

According to geological data on the surface, deposits of the Middle Paleozoic and various intrusive and subvolcanic complexes of the Middle-Late Paleozoic are developed, and only in the extreme western part do the Late Proterozoic formations come to the surface. The geological nudity of the territory is poor, areas of bedrock detection are traced along the river banks. Pyshma. The height of the rocky exits in them reaches 10-30 meters.

In the western part of the territory there is a hilly-ridged relief with elevations of 200-250 m.

The eastern part is a typical slightly hilly plain. Alluvial deposits overlapping with clay sediments are widely developed on the surface of bedrock. In river valleys, alluvial deposits are developed. Peat, loam, sandy loam and gravel are common. The territory is dominated by brown forest soils of varying degrees of sodding and peat. The soils are slightly acidic, the humus content is 7-15%.

In hydrogeological terms, the territory is located within the Tobolsk artesian basin. The hydro network is formed by the Pyshma river with small tributaries (the Kamyshenka river, the Mezenka river, the Kamenka river), which is part of the river basin. Tours The bed of the Pyshma River is moderately winding, with a width of 5 to 40 meters. The river is calm, the flow velocity is about 0.3 m / s.

In the north-western part there is a large Beloyarsk reservoir, an area of ​​37.1 sq. Km. the climate is temperate continental, with temperatures ranging from −40 in winter to +37 in summer. The area covered by forest is 16025 hectares, the main species are pine, birch, aspen, linden.

There are 15 mineral deposits in the territory, significant of them: Gagarsky gold ore, Kurman granite deposit, underground water deposit, gemstone raw materials, etc.

According to climatic conditions, the territory belongs to the moderately continental type . Winter is cold, long, snow cover lasts from October to April. The thickness of the cover is from 0.5 to 0.8 m. Freezing of the soil is up to 1.5 m. The territory belongs to the zone of sufficient moisture. The prevailing winds are north-west, west and south-west.

In local forests, there are various medicinal plants, perforated St. John's wort, meadowsweet , bought medicinal , initial letter , erect cinquefoil, blueberries, wild strawberries, raspberries, etc. Of the rare plants listed in the regional Red Book , we can mention: spotted venus, spotted sunflower, spring, curly lily, creeping thyme and some others. All of them are simultaneously medicinal plants, and therefore need special protection.

The fauna of the territory is characteristic of the southern taiga subzone of the Ural region, but it is significantly depleted in species composition. The reason for this is the close proximity of large industrial centers, transport accessibility. Of ungulates, elk is found everywhere, which has recently begun to intensively damage pine forest cultures, which indicates the need to develop measures to regulate the abundance of this species. There is also a hare, squirrel, mole, marten, mink and other species. Environmental pollution of the municipality by technogenic products occurs mainly due to industrial enterprises located within a radius of 50 km from the city of Zarechny and agricultural production facilities. Particularly significant anthropogenic stress affects surface and partially groundwater, as well as atmospheric air. The value of a number of chemicals exceeds the maximum permissible concentration.

This territory belongs to the III zone of the potential for atmospheric pollution, is generally influenced by emissions from numerous enterprises in the cities of Yekaterinburg, Verkhnyaya Pyshny, Berezovsky, Asbest and others. However, the level of air pollution within this zone is heterogeneous. The influence of these sources is weakened due to the distance and the protective effect of the forests.

Favorable climatic and forest conditions, as well as the features of the hydrological regime, make it possible to use this territory for recreational purposes for the majority of the population not only in the Zarechny urban district, but also in other cities of the Urals.

As of January 1, 2019, the city was in 531th place out of 1,115 ^[20] cities of the Russian Federation in terms of population ^[21] .

• Beloyarsk NPP
• JSC Institute of Reactor Materials
• SPK Mezenskoye
• Uralatomenergoremont - a branch of Atomenergoremont JSC (repair and adjustment of equipment of nuclear power plants)
• Production company "Kontur" (production of polypropylene pipes and fittings)
• Group of companies "Continental" (stainless steel) ^[22]
• Production company "Jumbo furniture" (production of cabinet furniture)
• Region-Press LLC (Home newspaper)
• Craft Brewery Jaws Brewery ^[23]
• JSC Gazprom Gas Distribution Yekaterinburg Beloyarsky section on EHC
• Beloyarsk Installation Department Joint-Stock Company Production Association UralEnergoMontazh (BMU JSC "PO UEM").

In the 1980s, the film club “Film” was actively working in the city. Film lovers and connoisseurs gathered in it, arranged for viewing, followed by a discussion of not only domestic, but also foreign films. Regular members of the club regularly met with their colleagues from other cities - Moscow, Vilnius, Riga and others. Some residents of Zarecheny recalled that they went to these meetings with whole wagons. In December 1990 and 1991, Zarechny hosted the Liki film festival, organized by the city leadership, the federation of film clubs, and the festival’s sponsor, the joint Soviet-French company Quorus. ^[24]

Circus studio "Arena" ^{[25] was} founded in 1978 under the guidance of A. Kazantsev. In 1988, under the leadership of E. Zueva. the team was awarded the title of "People". Circus studio "Arena" is a laureate of All-Russian and International festivals-contests.

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  Shopping center

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  Boulevard

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  Winter in Zarechny

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  Aleschenkova Boulevard

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  Beloyarsk NPP named after I.V. Kurchatova

•   Slavutich , Ukraine ^[26] ( 2012 )
• Takhov ( Czech. Tachov [ˈtaxof] , formerly German. Tachau ) is a city in the west of the Czech Republic , in the Pilsen region .