Väzemsky is a city in Russia (since 1951 ), the administrative center of the Vyazemsky District of the Khabarovsk Territory . Forms the Settlement Settlement Vyazemsky as the only settlement in its composition [4] [5] .
| City | |
| Vyazemsky | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A country |  Russia |
| Subject of the federation | Khabarovsk region |
| Municipal district | Vyazemsky |
| Urban settlement | City Vyazemsky |
| The head of administration | Usenko Alexander Y. [1] |
| History and geography | |
| Based | 1894 |
| City with | 1951 |
| Square | MO - 63.14 [2] km² |
| Center height | 70 m |
| Timezone | UTC + 10 |
| Population | |
| Population | 8 12,889 [3] people ( 2019 ) |
| Katoykonim | väzemtsy, väzemets |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +7 42153 |
| Postcode | 682950 |
| OKATO code | 08217501 |
| OKTMO code | |
Named in honor of the engineer Orest Polienovich Vyazemsky , head of the construction of the Ussuriysk railway .
Population - 12,889 [3] people. (2019).
The city is located on the Trans-Siberian Railway and the M60 Ussuri Highway, 130 km from Khabarovsk , near the border with China .
History
One of the first peasant villages in the region, Vyazemskoye, was founded in 1895 . It was then that 17 households arrived and settled here, among them 15 peasants - immigrants and deportees, two Cossacks. With their work they cleared and drained the occupied area, making it suitable not only for settlement, but also for arable farming. Further development of the settlement received in connection with the construction of the second stage of the Ussurian railway.
The design name of the settlement for 1894 was - “Bear” - by the bear places, among which it is located. In 1894, the first wooden station was built at the station, and at the same time, by order of the Governor-General N. I. Grodekov, the station began to bear the name of the construction manager of the Ussurian railway Orest Vyazemsky . Near the station, three small settlements appeared - railway, peasant and Cossack [6] . Both villages were then in the deaf Ussuri taiga, on the border with Manchuria . The Cossacks had to shoot from the periodic attacks of the Chinese Hunhuz gangsters. Not less troubles were caused by clashes with numerous tigers here, which attacked domestic animals and people, especially in winter [7] .
After the construction of the railway (1897), the Vyazemskaya station was considered the largest in the North Ussuri section, and in fact its railway junction included a local station, a locomotive depot and small workshops. Here were also located the barracks of railway guards and reception peace [8] .
In 1899, four years after the actual founding of the village of Vyazemsky, the military administration of the Ussurian Cossack army raised the question of the formation of a Cossack village here, immediately resettling three Cossack families here, and filed a petition to formally form a Cossack settlement here, named after the ataman. With the increase of the Cossack population, the latter began to forbid the peasants to use arable and hay fields, to take away their arable land.
These harassment of the Cossacks caused from the peasants a number of petitions to the local authorities for the withdrawal of land allotment to them. For its part, in 1900, the troop administration hastened to settle into the village of Vyazemsky some more Cossack families from old-timers. Thus, the question of the fate of the village of Vyazemsky was resolved by the local authorities in favor of the Cossacks, renaming the village of Glenovsky. At the same time, the resettlement peasants were given the choice of either staying in the village as an outsider, in other words, as tenants, or moving to the Otradny relocation site formed in 5 versts from the Vyazemskaya station. This is how the settlement was divided into peasant (Vyazemsky) and Cossack (Glenovsky).
In the first years, the permanent population of both villages grew slowly. So, at the end of 1900, there were only 36 householders, including 17 peasants, eight Cossacks, five exiles. In 1907, the Cossacks founded the village of Chuprovsky, which was located north of Vyazemsky. By 1912, the new settlers built 53 houses in Vyazma. 20 years after its foundation, the population of Vyazma consisted of 885 people, and the population of the Vyazma volost before the 1917 revolution was a total of 8179 people [6] [9] .
In 1924, after the abolition of the Cossack troops, the villages of Glenovskoye and Vyazemskoye were merged into one, called Vyazemskoye. In 1924, the Vyazemsky timber industry enterprise was created, in 1928 the first seasonal tractor road was laid. In the eastern part of the Vyazemsky region, the Third Seventh, Spartak, Shumny, Medvezhy, Tigrovy, Fir and other logging villages appeared.
From Vyazemskaya station, a narrow-gauge railway passed into the depths of taiga. Forest removal increased from 50 thousand cubic meters in 1928 to 460 thousand cubic meters in 1936. After the launch of the Dormidontovsky sawmill (1931), the Vyazemsky District also became an important center for sawmilling. The development of the region’s forest resources had a favorable effect on the development of Vyazemsky itself. The management of the timber industry enterprise settled here, a large brick factory, electrical communication workshops and a typical power station were built, a diversified artel and other enterprises were opened. The number of workers increased from 160 in 1917 to 2,272 in 1935. In 1938, Vyazemsky received the rights of an urban-type settlement. According to the census of 1939, the number of its inhabitants reached 12 thousand.
In January 1950, Vyazma Forest Technical School was opened. In the late 1960s and during the 1970s, the central microdistrict of the city was built up with multi-storey residential buildings. In the 1970s, the 30th anniversary of the Victory Square was built, where city and district events are currently held. In the 1970-1980s, new streets appeared [8] .
Climate
The climate is temperate monsoon .
- The average annual temperature is 2.9 ° C
- Relative air humidity - 71.7%
- Average wind speed - 2.9 m / s
| Climate of Vyazemsky (norm 1981—2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan. | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sen | Oct. | Nov. | Dec | Year |
| Average temperature, ° C | −19,3 | −14,8 | −5,8 | 5.4 | 12.8 | 18.2 | 21.5 | 20.3 | 13.7 | 5.3 | −6,6 | −16,5 | 2.9 |
| Precipitation rate, mm | 14 | eleven | 22 | 41 | 62 | 85 | 144 | 149 | 81 | 53 | 28 | 17 | 707 |
| Source: [10] . | |||||||||||||
Population
| Population | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1915 [11] | 1926 [12] | 1939 [13] | 1959 [14] | 1967 [15] | 1970 [16] | 1979 [17] | 1989 [18] | 1992 [15] |
| 838 | ↗ 3039 | 902 11 902 | ↗ 17,957 | ↗ 19,000 | ↘ 18,365 | ↗ 18,919 | ↘ 18,426 | ↘ 18,200 |
| 1996 [15] | 1998 [15] | 2000 [15] | 2001 [15] | 2002 [19] | 2003 [15] | 2005 [15] | 2006 [15] | 2007 [15] |
| ↘ 17,800 | → 17 800 | ↘ 17,500 | ↘ 17 300 | ↘ 15,760 | ↗ 15,800 | ↘ 15,700 | ↘ 15,600 | ↘ 15,500 |
| 2008 [15] | 2009 [20] | 2010 [21] | 2011 [22] | 2012 [23] | 2013 [24] | 2014 [25] | 2015 [26] | 2016 [27] |
| ↘ 15,400 | ↗ 15 405 | ↘ 14,555 | ↘ 14,543 | ↘ 14,230 | ↘ 14,166 | ↘ 13,881 | ↘ 13,575 | ↘ 13 323 |
| 2017 [28] | 2018 [29] | 2019 [3] | ||||||
| ↘ 13,187 | ↘ 12,974 | ↘ 12,889 | ||||||
As of January 1, 2018, in terms of population, the city was in 837 place out of 1113 [30] cities of the Russian Federation [31] .
Economy
- Forestry and woodworking industry
- Food and processing industry
- Mining industry
- Building materials industry. [32]
Transportation
All passenger trains stop at Vyazemskaya station, electric trains run to Khabarovsk.
Through Vyazemsky passes the federal highway "Ussuri" . Bus intercity, intra-district and urban transport.
The Vyazemskaya narrow-gauge railway began in Vyazemsky , dismantled in the first half of the 1990s.
People associated with the city
- Nikolai Vasilievich Usenko - Honored Forester of the RSFSR, full member of the Geographical Society of the RSFSR, honorary member of the All-Russian Society for the Conservation of Nature , local historian , the first honorary citizen of the city of Vyazemsky, his name also bears the Vyazemsky local history museum.
- The director of the first Far Eastern state farm "Krasitsky", Mikhail Timofeevich Volmer-Kostenko, a former first secretary of the All-Union Communist Party of the Bolsheviks (Bolsheviks) of Sochi, who helped Nikolai Ostrovsky to get an apartment, lived in Vyazemsky. M.T. Volmer-Kostenko was awarded the Order of Lenin. His son Yuri Volmer was the Minister of the Navy of the USSR.
- One of the most famous partisan commanders, Hero of the Soviet Union Konstantin Sergeyevich Zaslonov in the early 1930s. worked in the locomotive depot art. Vyazemskaya.
Notes
- ↑ Head of Vyazemsky
- ↑ Khabarovsk Territory. Total land area of municipalities
- ↑ 1 2 3 Population of the Khabarovsk Territory by municipalities as of January 1, 2019
- ↑ Law of the Khabarovsk Territory of 14.03.2005 No. 264 “On the administrative centers of rural settlements and municipal districts of the Khabarovsk Territory”
- ↑ The Law of the Khabarovsk Territory of July 28, 2004 No. 208 “On the Allocation of Village and Rural Municipal Units as a City, Rural Settlement and on the Establishment of Their Borders”
- ↑ 1 2 I will walk along the lovely streets. November 02, 2011 // Vyazemskie news (inaccessible link)
- ↑ Khabarovsk Territory: Amur tiger-eater. What to do? »" Young Far East XXI Century "
- ↑ 1 2 Kiryukhin N.K. Cities of the Khabarovsk Territory. - 1972.
- ↑ Vyazemsky municipal district. The official site of the Khabarovsk Territory Archival copy of June 30, 2009 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Hydrometeorological Center of Russia.
- ↑ Inhabited and inhabited places of the Primorsky region. Peasants. Aliens. Yellow : population census 1-20 June 1915 / Agriculture, Primorsky resettlement area, Statistical Dep. - Vladivostok: Type. Primorsky region Board, 1915. - XVI, 136 p.
- List of populated areas of the Far Eastern Territory according to the census 02/17/1926
- All-Union census of 1939. The urban population of the USSR in urban settlements and inner-city areas . Circulation date November 30, 2013. Archived November 30, 2013.
- All-Union census of 1959. The urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by sex . Demoscope Weekly. The date of circulation is September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 People's encyclopedia "My city". Vyazemsky (city)
- ↑ 1970 All-Union Population Census The urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by sex. Demoscope Weekly. The date of circulation is September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
- ↑ 1979 All-Union Population Census. The urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by sex. Demoscope Weekly. The date of circulation is September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
- All-Union Population Census 1989. Urban population . Archived August 22, 2011.
- ↑ All-Russian census of 2002. Tom. 1, table 4. The population of Russia, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements — regional centers and rural settlements with a population of 3,000 or more . Archived on February 3, 2012.
- ↑ The resident population of the Russian Federation by cities, urban-type settlements and districts as of January 1, 2009 . The date of circulation is January 2, 2014. Archived January 2, 2014.
- ↑ 2010 All-Russian Population Census. 13. Population of urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements, urban settlements, rural settlements of the Khabarovsk Territory . The appeal date is April 5, 2016. Archived April 5, 2016.
- ↑ Estimation of the number of the resident population of the Khabarovsk Territory as of the beginning of 2011 by municipalities The appeal date is March 26, 2014. Archived March 26, 2014.
- ↑ Estimation of the population by municipalities at the beginning of 2012 . The appeal date is April 3, 2015. Archived April 3, 2015.
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2013. - M .: Federal State Statistics Service Rosstat, 2013. - 528 p. (Table 33. Population of urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements, urban settlements, rural settlements) . The appeal date is November 16, 2013. Archived November 16, 2013.
- ↑ Table 33. The population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2014 . Circulation date August 2, 2014. Archived August 2, 2014.
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2015 . Circulation date August 6, 2015. Archived August 6, 2015.
- Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2016
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2017 (July 31, 2017). The date of circulation is July 31, 2017. Archived July 31, 2017.
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2018 . The appeal date was July 25, 2018. Archived July 26, 2018.
- ↑ taking into account the cities of Crimea
- ↑ Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2018. Table “21. Population of cities and towns in federal districts and subjects of the Russian Federation as of January 1, 2018 ” (RAR-archive (1.0 Mb)). Federal State Statistics Service .
- ↑ Vyazemsky municipal district. The official information portal of the Khabarovsk Territory Archival copy of June 30, 2009 on the Wayback Machine