Hust

The city is located at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains at the confluence of the Rica River in Tisu ^{[3] [1]} .

Khust Castle was founded by the Hungarian King Laszlo I the Holy in 1090 to protect against the invasions of the Polovtsy , but was destroyed during the Mongol invasion of Hungary and rebuilt in 1318 . The first mention of the town of Khust proper, which emerged as a posad near the castle, dates back to 1329 , when Khust and Tyachev received privileges and the status of “royal cities” from King Karl Robert.

In 1458, King Matthias Corwin imprisoned his uncle, the rebel Mihai Siladi, in Khust Castle. During the uprising of György Doji ( 1514 ), the Khust region was swept by an active peasant movement, and the rebellious peasants managed to capture the fortress for a while. As a result of the defeat of the Kingdom of Hungary from the Ottoman Empire under Mojac ( 1526 ), Khust became part of the Principality of Transylvania . In 1546, Emperor Ferdinand I recaptured the city from Transylvania. In 1594, Khust was devastated by the Crimean Tatars , but they failed to take the fortress. Subsequently, the castle was besieged in 1644 by the armies of György I Rakoczy , in 1657 - by the Polish and in 1661 - 1662 - by the Turkish troops.

On August 17, 1703, Khust Castle was occupied by the rebel troops of Ferenc II Rakoczy , consisting of both the Hungarian and Slavic population, and it was here that the independence of Transylvania was proclaimed. Khust was the last stronghold of the Kursk rebel, who continued to resist the Habsburgs and capitulated after the surrender of the main forces in Satmar in 1711 .

Seriously damaged Khust castle on July 3, 1766 was struck by lightning (which fell into the powder warehouse), in 1788 its tower fell.

As of 1910, 10,292 people lived in Khust, including 5,230 Rusyns, 3,505 Hungarians and 1,535 Germans.

On October 18, 1918, prominent politicians of Ukrainian parties, cultural figures and churches created the People’s Rada in Khust, which was supposed to act as a representative body and announced its intention to unite all the Western Ukrainian lands of the Austro-Hungarian Empire into a single whole ^[4] . January 21, 1919 in Khust gathered the Popular Congress of Rusyns .

In 1919, Soviet power was established in the city (the Hungarian Soviet Republic ), but on April 18, 1919 it was captured by Romanian forces and, together with all Subcarpathian Russia (the modern territory of Transcarpathia), was transferred to Czechoslovakia under the Trianon Peace Treaty . As a result of the division of the Marmaros committee between Czechoslovakia and Romania, Khust became the administrative center of its Czechoslovak part, which caused the rapid development of the city in the 1920s and 1930s. January 17, 1932 in Khust there were hunger unrest ^[5] , suppressed by the gendarmes.

In Khust in 1938–39 there was a courtyard of the Apostolic Administrator of the Mukachevo diocese, a New Diary diary was published, and the New Scene theater was operating.

By a decision of the First Vienna Arbitration (1938), the lowland of Transcarpathia with the largest cities of Uzhgorod and Mukachev was transferred to Hungary, and the autonomous government of Subcarpathian Rus with other administrative structures was forced to leave Uzhgorod on November 10, 1938 and elect its third largest center, Khust. On March 15, 1939 , Augustin Voloshin here proclaimed the independence of the Carpathian Ukraine , but on the same day Hungarian troops occupied the city . After the Hungarian occupation, over 75 thousand Transcarpathians moved to the territory of the Ukrainian SSR.

During the war, more than 8 thousand people, including the entire Jewish community, were taken out of Transcarpathia by German troops from Khust to camps and to forced labor. At the same time, an anti-fascist movement unfolded in Khust from the very beginning of the occupation, one of the representatives of which was an anti-fascist poet Iza, Dmitry Vakarov , who was executed by the Hungarian administration for his activities. In August 1943, a Soviet parachute landing group led by the Hungarian antifascist Ferenc Pataki landed on Mount Manchul (the north of the modern Khust region). The city was liberated by the 17th Rifle Corps of the 4th Ukrainian Front on October 24, 1944 .

On November 30, 1945, the publication of a regional newspaper began here ^[6] .

In 1946, Khust received the status of a city ^{[3] [1]} .

In 1978, the Tereblya-Rikskaya Hydroelectric Power Station, a timber processing plant, an experimental stone processing factory, a ceramic factory, a building materials factory operated here; a felt-and-wool factory, a shoe factory, an art products factory, several food industry enterprises, a forestry college, a medical school, a cultural and educational school, a historical and revolutionary museum and a tourist base ^[3] .

In January 1989, the population was31,287 people ^[7] , at this time the basis of the economy was a timber mill, food industry enterprises, Terebovlya-Rikskaya hydroelectric power station and tourism ^[1] .

In May 1995, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine approved a decision on the privatization of a fiber-film factory, a Tekhnomash factory, a building materials factory, ATP- 12141, road repair and construction department No. 92 ^[8] , a regional agricultural equipment, and a canning factory ^[9] in July 1995, a decision was approved on the privatization of the creamery ^[10] .

In Khust, there are a felt-and-filament and shoe factory, a furniture factory, a brick-and-tile factory, food industry enterprises, 8 secondary schools and a Hungarian school, a forestry technical school, a medical and cultural-educational school.

On the outskirts of the city there is an ostrich farm.

Railway station ^[1] on the line Batevo - Solotvina ^[3] .

According to the 2001 All-Ukrainian Population Census , there were 31.9 thousand inhabitants in Khust, the main nationalities of which are ^{[11] [12]} :

• Ukrainians - 28.4 thousand (89%)
• Hungarians - 1.7 thousand (5.3%)
• Russians - 1.2 thousand (3.8%)
• gypsies - 0.1 thousand (0.3%)

Near Hust is the famous Daffodil Valley .

A monument was erected in the city to the soldiers of the Soviet Army and partisans who died during the Great Patriotic War, the antifascist poet Dmitry Vakarov , writer, public and cultural figure, teacher of the 19th century Alexander Dukhnovich . In Davydkov, now part of Khust, the famous scientist, educator and family friend N.V. Gogol, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Ivan Orlay , was born.

Now there are two vocational-technical lyceums, two colleges, a Transcarpathian forestry technical school, a branch of the Lviv Polytechnic, a branch of the Drogobych Pedagogical University, and its own Carpathian Institute of Entrepreneurship.

The recreation park and the central part of the city are being reconstructed. The square on the square of Bogdan Khmelnitsky was reconstructed.

• History, photos and attractions of Khust
• Khust castle at www.zamki-kreposti.com.ua
• Internet service provider of the city of Hust
• Tourist and other objects in Khust
• Khust - ski resort of Ukraine
• Photogallery of Khust sights