Kelderara

The name comes from lat. caldaria ( rum. căldare 'cauldron, bucket') and the Turkish plural affix - ar . Traditionally engaged in tinning and soldering of metal products, in the XIX century it was mainly boilers.

They speak the Kelderara dialect of the gypsy language . The Kelderar dialect is archaic, while it is characterized by a large number of borrowings of words and suffixes from the Romanian language , Russian words are also found in kotlyar. Almost all Kelderars are bilingual.

Religion depends on the place of residence. On the territory of the CIS countries the religion is Orthodox , in the USA , Germany and other foreign countries profess Catholicism , Protestantism . The main holidays are Christmas , Trinity , Easter . Children are baptized without fail.

In everyday life, they tend to compact living with large families, strictly adhere to ancient traditions. Women can often be recognized by the braids on their temples, shawls and wide long aprons over skirts. To this day, many Kelderars are fortunetellers in the streets. Children are married, as a rule, very early, after puberty. The musical culture of the Kelderars is unique, but not popular. They dance either oriental dances or dances of Russian gypsies . The average level of education is low. Nowadays, they earn money by repairing metal sheets, reselling scrap metal, and small-scale trade.

Kelderara folk costume (appeared in the second half of the XIX century) is usually considered by non-Gypsies as a “real” gypsy costume.

The traditional look of a Russian married cat

Quote from the article “Gypsies in the big city”:

The clothes of a married woman include 3 characteristic elements: a scarf, a skirt and an apron.

The hairstyle and method of wearing a headscarf in a kotlyar have a number of features. Long hair is distributed in a straight part, twisted around the sides with a bundle and braided in two braids. At the same time, the scarf is slightly shifted to the forehead, twisted on the sides and tied at the back of the head so that its long ends hang down to the middle of the back. However, from the second half of the 1990s, the kotlir received a different hairstyle, apparently borrowed from other ethnic groups. The hair is combed back and collected on the back of the head into a knot around which the scarf is wrapped. This hairstyle is done mostly by young women under 35 years old. To tie a scarf under a chin to kotlyarka is supposed in the only case - in the case of the death of a close relative. Then, at first glance at a woman, it becomes clear that the family is unhappy.

Kotlyar skirt (Keterynets or Rotya) reaches a woman up to the ankles in length and is gathered at the waist in a shallow fold. The connecting seam is in front, but it may not be present. A skirt is sewn from a piece of fabric about three meters long and is tied at the waist in front using the long ends of the belt.

An apron (felish) is an indispensable element of a married woman's costume. It is sewn from a piece of fabric of a somewhat shorter length, gathered in the same small fold as the skirt, and tied at the back of the waist. The length of the apron is usually equal to the length of the skirt. The presence or absence of a frill, as well as the choice of material depends on the local mode. <...>

Since neither the skirt nor the apron contain pockets, gypsies sew themselves additionally small aprons that are worn under the apron. The apron, usually semicircular or rectangular, is decorated with frills at the edges and contains a large pocket in which women put money and toilet items. <...>

If the skirts, an apron and the apron are made by the kitters themselves, then they wear sweaters mainly purchased, preferring free-cut models and avoiding tight-fitting ones with a closed throat. The main requirement for a jacket is that they should cover at least a quarter of the gypsy's hands.

<...>

It is noteworthy that a kotler in women's clothing is unacceptable in black, since it is considered the color of mourning.

Latin American Calderara Women's Clothing

Many Latin American kelderars still lead a nomadic lifestyle. Their clothes are bright; she has much in common with an old costume costume and at the same time bears the imprint of the influence of the Latin American style. Latin American kelderars often wear dresses instead of the traditional skirt + blouse set. The gypsy style of the “Chibanets”, known in the European fashion as the “lacerated hem”, was transformed in their costume in an interesting way: instead of a hem cut by cloves, Latin American kelderarki sew large triangular flaps of bright colors over the skirt or lower part of the dress.

• Mateo Maximov - writer, pastor .
• Ronald Lee is a writer, author of a textbook on gypsy language, a public figure.
• Vladislav Petrovich Demeter - journalist, teacher, choirmaster .
• Pyotr Grigorievich Demeter - singer, artist, poet, writer, composer, People's Artist of Russia.
• Nadezhda Georgievna Demeter - ethnographer , public figure.
• Emil Demeter is a writer.
• Olga Demeter-Charskaya - artist, poetess, writer.
• Tamara Demeter is an artist, gypsy costume designer.
• Roman Stepanovich Demeter - poet, candidate of pedagogical sciences, compiler of gypsy-Russian and Russian-gypsy dictionaries.
• Oleg Petrovich ( Mursha Saporoni ) - writer.
• Demeter, Peter Stepanovich - composer.
• Demeter, Georgy Stepanovich - professor, candidate of pedagogical sciences, compiler of gypsy-Russian and Russian-gypsy dictionaries.

• Vlahi
• Crimean gypsies
• Lovari
• Russian gypsies
• Servs
• Kotlyar (last name)

• Samples of the folklore of the Kelderari gypsies / Edition prepared by R. S. Demeter and P. S. Demeter. - M .: The main edition of oriental literature, Science, 1981. - 264 p.
• Drutz E., Gessler A. Gypsies. - M., 1990.
• Demeter N., Bessonov N. The History of Gypsies: A New Look. - Voronezh, 2000.

• Ethnic groups of gypsies
• Gypsies in latin america
• History and ethnic identity of Perm Keldera gypsies // Chernykh A. V. Gypsies of Perm: Essays on the Ethnography of Gypsy Camp. - Perm: Perm State University, 2003. - 66 p.
• Kelderara Abroad
• Across the open border
• Kalderara Men's Costume
• Gypsies in the big city
• Smirnova-Seslavinskaya M.V., Tsvetkov G.N. Anthropology of the socio-cultural development of the gypsy population of Russia. - M.: FGU FIRO, 2011 .-- 130 p.
• Kulaeva S. Gypsy-kelderari in the North-West (inaccessible link)
• Bessonov N. Gypsies in a noisy crowd ...