Ambrosian singing

Ambrosian singing , Ambrosian chant - a regional tradition of Western Christian liturgical singing , developed in the Church of Milan (Mediolan) and named for Saint Ambrose, Bishop of Milan (340–394), who contributed to the introduction of some accepted forms of antiphone music in Western Europe , the responding performance of psalms , hymns . Ambrosian singing is the basis of the musical design of a specific Ambrosian rite . The oldest written monuments of Ambrosian singing are preserved in manuscripts not earlier than the XI century.

Content

Brief

The Ambrosian chants in their liturgical function are in many respects similar to the Roman chants, while they are designated by specific terms. Specific Ambrosian terminology for mass chants: Symbolum (analogue of ordinary Credo), ingressa (analogous to introit ), psalmellus (analogue of grade ), post epistolam (analogue of hallelujah ), cantus (analogue of the tract ), transitorium (analogue of communo ), post evangelium and confractorium ( there are no Roman analogues).

The interaction of word and music in the Ambrosian chants is extremely diverse - from simple syllabics to exquisite melismatics , especially in the large official respondents . In melismatic chants, ornamentation surpasses the corresponding chants of other regional choral traditions. For example, the version of “Suscipiant montes pacem” of the gradual mass (psalmellus) of “Benedictus Dominus” contains melism, in which one syllable is chanted into 159 (!) Sounds ^[1] .

Notes

↑ See note example (transcription) in the article: Bailey T. Ambrosian chant // The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . NY, L., 2001.

Sheet

Paléographie musicale , vol. V-VI (1896.1900): Brit. Museum, Add. 34209. Antiphonarium Ambrosianum web (facsimile of the Ambrosian antiphonary of the 12th century)
Anthem "Aeterna Christi munera" // Musical-historical anthology / Ivanov-Boretsky M.V. - Ed. 2nd, add. and reslave. - M .: Muzgiz, 1933. - T. 1. - S. 67. - 128 p.
Anthem "Aeterne rerum conditor" // History of West European music until 1789: Music examples / T. Livanova . - M. - L .: Muzgiz, 1940. - S. 7. - 322 p.

Literature

Tsvetkov P. Anthems of St. Ambrose Mediolansky: Additions to the publication of the creat. fathers in Russian per. for 1891, part 48 .-- M, 1891.
Hiley D. Western Plainchant: A Handbook. Oxford, 1993, pp. 530-540.
Bailey T. Ambrosian chant // The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. NY, L., 2001.
Kartsovnik V.G. Gregorian singing // Orthodox Encyclopedia , vol. 9.— M., 2006 - p. 461-471.
Lebedev S.N. Gregorian chorale // Big Russian Encyclopedia , vol. 7.— M., 2007 - p. 746-748.

[1] See note example (transcription) in the article: Bailey T. Ambrosian chant // The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians . NY, L., 2001.