Lorraine was distinguished in 855 after the division of the “ Middle Kingdom ” by Emperor Lothar I. Initially, Lorraine was a kingdom, and in the early 10th century it became a duchy.
Content
Kingdom of Lorraine (855–923)
Carolingians
- 843 - 855 : Lotari I (795–855), emperor from 817, king of Italy from 818, king of the “Middle Kingdom” (bud. Lorraine) from 843, son of emperor Louis I the Pious
- 855 - 869 : Lothar II (c. 835–869), king of Lorraine with 855, son of Lothar I
- 869-877: Charles II the Bald (823-877), king of France from 840, king of Italy from 876, emperor from 875, king of Lorraine from 869, brother of Lothair I
- 870 - 876 : Louis II of Germany (804/805 - 876), King of Germany from 843, King of Lorraine (Louis I) from 870, brother of Lothar I
- 877-879: Louis II Zaika (846-879), king of France from 877, king of Lorraine from 877, son of Charles II the Bald
- 879-880: Hugo of Alsace (c. 855–895), a challenger in Lorraine, son of Lothar II.
- 879-882: Louis III the Younger (c. 835–882), King of Germany from 876, King of Lorraine from 879, son of Louis II of Germany
- 882-887: Charles III the Fat (839-888), King of Germany 876-887, King of Italy 879-887, Emperor 881-887, King of Lorraine 882-887, King of France 884-887, Brother of Louis III the Younger
- 887–895: Arnulf of Carinthia (c. 850–899), king of Germany from 887, king of Lorraine 887–895, emperor from 896, nephew of Charles III Tolstoy and Louis III the Younger
- 895 - 900 : Zventibold (d. 900), king of Lorraine from 895, illegal son of Arnulf
- 900 - 911 : Louis IV Child (893-911), King of Germany and Lorraine with 900
- 911–923: Charles III the Simple (879–929), King of France 898–923, King of Lorraine 911–923, son of Louis II Zaiki
Duchy of Lorraine
Conradins
- 903-910 : Gebhard (d. 910), Count in Wetterau and Rheingau, Duke of Lorraine with approx. 903
Reginarids
- 911 - 915 : Rainier (Reginar) I (died 915), Count Gennegau (Eno) 880-898, Count Maasgau, Duke of Lorraine with 911
Arden House (Vigerihida)
- 915/916 - 921/922 : Wigerich (d. Approx. 919), Lorraine county with 915/916
Reginarids
- 928/929 - 938/939: Gizelbert (Gilbert) (d. 939), Duke of Lorraine from 928/929, son of Rainier I
Saxon dynasty
- 939-940: Heinrich I of Bavaria (919/922-955), Duke of Lorraine 939-940, Duke of Bavaria from 948, son of the King of Germany Henry I Birdman
Verdun House
- 942 - 944 : Otto I (d. 944), Earl of Verdun from 923, Duke of Lorraine from 942, son of Richwin , Earl of Verdun, and Kuniguda , widow of the Palatine of Wiegerich
Salic (Franconian) dynasty
- 945-953 : Conrad I the Redhead , (d. 955), Duke of Lorraine 945-953, husband of Liegards, daughters of the emperor Otto I
Saxon dynasty
- 953 - 965 : Bruno (Brunon) (ca. 925-965), Archbishop of Cologne from 953, Duke of Lorraine from 953, German Chancellor from 940, brother of Emperor Otto I
In 959 , the emperor divided the duchy into 2 parts: Upper Lorraine and Lower Lorraine. Bruno retained supreme power over Lorraine, until 977 the dukes of Upper and Lower Lorraine were titled as vice-duke .
Vice Dukes of Lower Lorraine
Matfridings
- 959-964: Gottfried (Geoffroy) (I) (d. 964), Earl of Hainaut (Gennegau) from 958, Earl in Juelhgau, Vice-Duke of Lower Lorraine from 959
- 964 - 973 : Richer (d. 973), Count in Lüthichgau, Count Hainault (Gennegau) from 964, Vice-Duke of Lower Lorraine from 968
- 964 - 973 : vacant
Dukes of Lower Lorraine
Carolingians
- 978 - 992 : Charles I (d. After 992), son of Louis IV of Overseas , king of the West-Frankish kingdom, and Herberga of Saxony , widow of Gizelbert, duke of Lorraine
- 992 - 1012 : Otto II (d. Ca. 1012), son of Charles I
Arden House (Vigerihida), Verdun Line
- 1012-1023 : Gottfried (Geoffroy) II (I) (d. 1023), Count Verdun, son of Gottfried I, Count Verdun
- 1023-1044: Goselo I (ca.970-1044), Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1023, Duke of Upper Lorraine from 1033, brother of Gottfried II
- 1044-1046: Goselo II (ca.1008-1046), Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1044, son of Goselo I
Arden House (Vigerihida), Luxembourg House
- 1046-1065 : Frederick II of Luxembourg (1003–1065), Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1046, son of Count Frederick I of Luxembourg
Arden House (Vigerihida), Verdun Line
- 1065 - 1069 : Gottfried (Geoffroy) II The Bearded (died 1069), Duke of Upper Lorraine 1044-1047, Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1065, son of Gocelo I
- 1069 - 1076 : Gottfried (Geoffroy) III Humpback (c.1040 - 1076), Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1069, son of Gottfried II
Salic (Franconian) dynasty
- 1076-1089: Conrad II (1074-1101), King of Italy 1093-1098, King of Germany 1087-1098, Duke of Lower Lorraine and Margrave of Turin 1076-1089 Son of Emperor Henry IV
- Vice-Duke : Albert III of Namur (approx. 1035 - 1102), Count of Namur from 1063, Regent (Vice-Duke) of Lower Lorraine 1076-1089
Boulogne House
- 1089 - 1096 : Gottfried (Geoffroy) IV Bouillon (ca. 1060 - 1100), Count of Bouillon, Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1089, son of Eustache II , Count of Boulogne, and Ida, daughter of Duke Gottfried III the Bearded
In 1096, Gottfried of Bouillon laid the duchy, going to the Crusade . After his death, Limburg and Louvain houses argued for the title of Duke of Lower Lorraine.
Titular Dukes of Lower Lorraine
Limburg House
- 1101 - 1106 : Henry II of Limburg (died 1119), Count of Arlon and Limburg (Henry I) from 1081, Duke of Lower Lorraine 1101-1106, grandson of Frederick II of Luxembourg
Louvain House
- 1106–1125: Gottfried (Geoffroy) V the Bold (1060–1140), Count Louvain and Brussels ( Godfried I ) from 1095, Landgrave of Brabant from 1095, Margrave of Antwerp, Duke of Lower Lorraine 1106–1125, 1138–1140
Limburg House
- 1125 - 1138 : Walram (Valeran) Limburg (died 1139), Count Arlon and Duke of Limburg from 1119, Duke of Lower Lorraine 1125-11138, son of Heinrich Limburg
Louvain House
- 1138 - 1140 : Gottfried (Geoffroy) V Bold , Secondary
- 1140 - 1142 : Gottfried (Geoffroy) VI (d.1142), Earl of Louvain and Landgrave of Brabant ( Gottfried II ) from 1140, Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1140, son of Gottfried V the Bold
- 1142-1190 : Gottfried VII , Earl of Louvain, Margrave of Brabant (Gottfried III), Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1143, son of Gottfried VI
In 1190, Henry I , the son of Gottfried VII, took the title of duke of Brabant .
Dukes of Upper Lorraine (from the 12th century - Lorraine)
Arden House (Vigerihida) Bar Line
- 959 - 978 : Ferry (Friedrich) I (ca. 942 - 978), Count Bara, Duke of Upper Lorraine from 959 (until 977 - Vice-Duke), son of the Palatine Count Wigerich
- 978-1026: Thierry (Dietrich) I (ca. 965-1026), Count of Bar and Duke of Upper Lorraine from 978, son of Ferry I
- 1026-1028 : Ferry (Friedrich) II (ca. 995-1028), Count of Bar and Duke of Upper Lorraine from 1026, son of Thierry I
- 1028 - 1033 : Ferry (Friedrich) III (ca. 1015 - 1033), Count of Bar and Duke of Upper Lorraine from 1033, son of Ferry II
Arden House (Vigerihida), Verdun Line
- 1033 - 1044 : Goselo (Gocelo) I (ca. 970 - 1044), Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1023, Duke of Upper Lorraine from 1033, brother of Gottfried II
- 1044-1047: Gottfried (Geoffroy) II the Bearded (d. 1069), Duke of Upper Lorraine 1044-1047, Duke of Lower Lorraine from 1065, son of Gocelo I
Alsatian home (1047-1431)
- 1047-1048 : Adalbert of Alsace (ca. 1000-1048), Count of Metz, Duke of Upper Lorraine from 1048, son of Gerard, Count of Metz and Chatenois
- 1048 - 1070 : Gerard I (ca. 1030 - 1070), Comte de Chatenois, Duke of Upper Lorraine from 1048, brother of the previous
- 1070 - 1115 : Thierry (Dietrich) II The Brave (ca. 1055 - 1115), son of the previous
- 1115 - 1139 : Simon I (ca.1076 - 1139), son of the previous
- 1139 - 1176 : Mathieu I (ca. 1110 - 1176), son of the previous
- 1176-1205 : Simon II (ca. 1140 - app. 1207), son of the previous
- 1205 - 1206 : Ferry (Friedrich) I (ca.1143 - 1206), lord de Beach, son of the previous
- 1205 - 1213 : Ferry (Friedrich) II (d. 1213), son of the previous
- 1213-1220 : Tibo I (c. 1191-1220), son of the previous
- 1220 - 1251 : Mathieu II (d. 12515), son of Ferry II
- 1251 - 1255 : Regent - Catherine of Limburg (died 135), wife Mathieu II
- 1251-1303 : Ferry (Friedrich) III (1240-1303), son of the previous
- 1303 - 1312 : Tibo II (c. 1260 - 1312), son of the previous
- 1312 - 1328 : Ferry (Friedrich) IV The Wrestler (1282-1328), the son of the previous
- 1328 - 1331 : Regent - Elizabeth of Austria (1285–1328), wife of Ferry IV
- 1328 - 1346 : Raul (Rudolph) the Brave (1320–1346), son of the previous
- 1346 - 1360 : Regent - Maria de Chatillon (1323-1363), Raoul's wife
- 1346 - 1390 : Jean I (1346–1390), son of the previous one
- 1390-1431 : Charles II (I) (1364-1431), constable of France, son of the previous
- 1431-1453 : Isabel I (1400-1453), daughter of the previous one
- husband: Rene I of Anjou (1409-1480)
The Anjou House of Valois (1431-1473)
- 1431 - 1453 : Rene I of Anjou (1409–1480), Isabella I’s husband, Duke of Bara from 1430, Duke of Lorraine from 1431, Count of Anjou from 1434, Count of Provence from 1435, King of Naples 1435–1422, titular King of Sicily, Hungary, Jerusalem and aragon
- 1445 - 1453 : Administrator of the Duchy - Jean II
- 1453-1470 : Jean II (1425-1470), son of the previous one
- 1466 - 1470 : Administrator of the Duchy - Nicola I
- 1470-1473 : Nikola I (1448-1473), son of the previous one
- 1473-1473 : Yolanda (1428-1483), daughter of Rene I
- husband: Ferri (Friedrich) II (1420-1470), Count de Vaudemont, their descendants inherited the duchy
House de Vaudemont (1473-1737)
- 1473 - 1508 : Rene II of Lorraine ( 1451 - 1508 ), Comte de Vaudemont ( 1470 ), d'Aumalle, d'Elbeuf ( 1473 ), Ser de Juanville ( 1476 ), Duke of Lorraine ( 1473 ), Duke de Bar ( 1480 ) Baron Mayen ( 1481 ), son of Yolanda of Anjou
- 1475 - 1477 : Lorraine is occupied by Karl the Bold , Duke of Burgundy
- 1508 - 1544 : Antoine the Good (1489-1544), son of the previous
- 1544 - 1545 : Francois I (1517-1545), son of the previous
- 1545 - 1552 : Regent - Cristina of Denmark (1521–1590), wife of François I
- 1552 - 1559 : Regent - Nicola (1524–1577), Duke de Merkère, brother of Francois I
- 1545 - 1552 : Regent - Cristina of Denmark (1521–1590), wife of François I
- 1545 - 1608 : Charles III (II) (1543-1608), son of the previous
- 1608 - 1624 : Henry II the Good (1563-1624), son of the previous
- 1624 - 1625 : Nicole (1608-1657), the daughter of the previous one
- husband: Charles IV (III)
- 1625 - 1625 : Francois II (1572-1632), Comte de Vaudemont, son of Charles III
- 1624 - 1634 : Charles IV (III) (1604-1675), son of the previous
- 1634–1635 : Nicolas II François (1609–1670), brother of the previous
- 1635 - 1641 : Lorraine is occupied by France
- 1641 - 1641 : Charles IV (III) , for the second time
- 1641 - 1659 : Lorraine is occupied by France
- 1659 - 1670 : Charles IV (III) , for the third time
- 1670 - 1697 : Lorraine is occupied by France
- 1675 - 1690 : Charles V (IV) (1643-1690), titular Duke of Lorraine, son of Nicolas II Francois
- 1697 - 1729 : Leopold I (1679-1729), son of the previous, titular Duke of Lorraine in 1690-1677
- 1729 - 1737 : Francois III Étienne (1709-1765), son of the former, emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (Franz I) from 1745
In 1737, Lorraine lost to the test of the king of France, Stanislav Leschinsky.
Leschinsky House (1737–1766)
- 1737 - 1766 : Stanislav I (1677-1766), King of Poland 1704-1709
- 1766 : Maria Leshchinskaya (1725–1768), daughter of the previous one
- husband: Louis XV , king of France
In 1766, Lorraine was incorporated into France.
Literature
- Georges Poull. La maison souveraine et ducale de bar. - Nancy: Presses Universitaires de Nancy, 1994. - 455 p. - ISBN 2-86480-831-5 .
- Georges Poull. La maison ducale de lorraine. - Nancy: Presses Universitaires de Nancy, 1991. - 575 p. - ISBN 2-86480-517-0 .
- Bogdan Henry. La Lorraine des ducs, sept siècles d'histoire. - Paris: Perrin, 2005. - 291 p. - ISBN 2-262-02113-9 . (fr.)
- Kienast, W. Der Herzogstitel in Frankreich und Deutschland (9. bis 12. Jahrhundert). - Munchen, 1968.
- Mohr, W. Geschichte des Herzogtums Lothringen. - Saarbrucken, 1976.
- Barth, R. Der Herzog in Lotharingen im 10. Jahrhundert. - Sigmaringen, 1990.
- Werner, M. Der Herzog von Lothringen in Salischer Zeit (Die Salier und das Reich 1). - Sigmaringen, 1991.
Links
- LOTHARINGIA (English) . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. The appeal date is December 15, 2011.
- Ludwig HERZÖGE DES HERZOGTUMS LOTHRINGEN (German) . Mittelalterliche Genealogie im Deutschen Reich bis zum Ende der Staufer. The appeal date is December 15, 2011. Archived March 3, 2012.
- Lothringen (him.) . Mittelalterliche Genealogie im Deutschen Reich bis zum Ende der Staufer. The appeal date is December 15, 2011. Archived March 3, 2012.
- The rulers of Lorraine (Eng.) . GENEALOGY.EU. The appeal date is June 12, 2010. Archived on March 3, 2012.
- Title History of the Dukes of Lorraine (Eng.) . The appeal date is December 15, 2011. Archived March 3, 2012.