Iolk ( dr. Greek Ἰωλκός , lat. Iolcus ) is an ancient Greek city lying in the depths of the Gulf of Pagassia at the border of the areas that were later called Phthia and Magnesia .
| Ancient city | |
| Iolk | |
|---|---|
| Greek Ἰωλκός | |
| Modern location | Makrinitsa , Hair , Magnesia , Thessaly |
History
In the area of Iolka, there was a settlement before the colonization by the Ionians , starting from the early Copper Age . The focus of Mycenaean culture in Thessaly , the ruins of a palace of the Mycenaean era, built around 1600 BC, were discovered. e. and restored in the late Mycenaean period. The city existed in the historical period. The importance of the city decreased when the new port of Pagas was founded.
According to legend, the city was founded by Krefey . Known as the birthplace of Jason . Legends about the Argonauts are associated with Iolk, since the reason for this campaign was a dispute for royal power in the city between Jason, the son of Eson, and his uncle Pelius [1] . According to legend, Pelius sent Jason and the Argonauts on a journey from here. Mentioned by Titus Livy [2] , Homer as “magnificent” [3] and “obesity” [1] . In 290 BC e. Demetrius I Poliorket resettled the inhabitants of Iolk to the city of Demetriad founded by him [4] [5] [6] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Homer . Odyssey. XI, 256
- ↑ Titus Livy . The history of Rome from the foundation of the city. Xliv, 12, 13
- ↑ Homer . The Iliad. II, 712
- ↑ Strabo . Geography. IX, 5, 15; with. 413
- ↑ Iolcus // The Real Dictionary of Classical Antiquities / ed. F. Lubker ; Edited by members of the Society of Classical Philology and Pedagogy F. Gelbke , L. Georgievsky , F. Zelinsky , V. Kansky , M. Kutorgi and P. Nikitin . - SPb. , 1885. - S. 665.
- ↑ Iolk // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1894. - T. XIIIa. - S. 743.
Literature
- Herwig Kramolisch. Iolkos // Der Neue Pauly (DNP). - Stuttgart: Metzler, 1998 .-- Bd. 5. - S. 1073–1074. - ISBN 3-476-01475-4 .