Osterman, Fedor Andreevich

The second ^[1] son of Vice-Chancellor Count Andrei Ivanovich Osterman and Martha Streshneva , godson of Tsarevna Anna Petrovna . The elder brother of State Chancellor Ivan Osterman .

In 1740 - captain of the Life Guards Preobrazhensky Regiment . Father’s disgrace was reflected in his sons: Fedor was deprived of the Order of St. January 16, 1742 . Alexander and transferred as captain to the Trinity Infantry Regiment , located in the Bashkir lands, where he served for 20 years. In April 1751 he received the rank of second major, and in December 1755, he became lieutenant colonel.

The Prussian war gave him the opportunity to attract the attention of the empress, since he participated in almost all major battles and everywhere proved himself to be a brave and commanding officer. Since June 1758 - Colonel ; was wounded near Kunersdorf . Since 1762 - Major General and chief of the Narva Infantry Regiment , brigade commander in the building of Count Chernyshev .

In 1769-1772, F. A. Osterman headed the garrisons of the Ukrainian line, and before that, from 1763, the Moscow division. He ended his military career with the rank of lieutenant general (1771). In 1773, Osterman accepted the proposal to head the Moscow province . In 1776, he collected detailed statistical data about the province, on the basis of which a decision was made on the new borders of governorates ^[2] .

Having been appointed senator on November 24, 1780, Count Fyodor lived for a long time in the vicinity of Petersburg, in the vast villa of his brother Ivan , on the Peterhof Road ^[3] .

In old age, Osterman became interested in issues of Orthodox dogma. Compiled written "Comments on Manstein's notes on Russia." A number of jokes about Osterman are given by Prince Vyazemsky in the “Old Notebook” ^[4] . Even in the years of governorship, Osterman was famous for its extraordinary absent-mindedness. His deputy then told

how he once arrived in presence, having instead of a hat a night pot in his hand; how he took one noble visitor for one lady, convicted him of motivation and profligacy, and threatened to put him in custody, and how in one friend's house he wanted to raise his master in his arms instead of his grandson, wondering why the boy could get so heavy a week ^[5] .

He was buried in a family estate, the village of Krasnoye, Sapozhkovsky district, Ryazan province . Having no children, in 1796 the Osterman brothers transferred their title to the grand-nephew A.I. Tolstoy .

• Since February 14, 1740, the holder of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky . After the father disgraced, the order was taken away.
• He was again awarded the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky on January 17, 1768.
• He was awarded the Order of St. Anne on September 22, 1762.
• He was awarded the Order of St. Apostle Andrew the First-Called on September 2, 1793.

Osterman married Anna Vasilievna Tolstoy (February 15, 1732 - May 23, 1809), the daughter of state adviser Vasily Borisovich Tolstoy and his wife, Daria Nikitichna Zmeeva. She was awarded the Order of St. 05.04.1797 Catherine 2nd degree. Born and died in Moscow, buried in the Novospassky Monastery .

Anna Vasilievna's niece was Ekaterina Lvovna Tyutcheva, mother of the famous poet . During trips to Moscow, the Tyutchev family stayed at the Osterman house in Malyy Trekhsvyatitelsky Lane (corner of Khitrovsky Lane ). Here the poet’s sister Daria was born and his childhood passed. It has been suggested that the mother named the future poet in honor of Count Osterman, whom she revered as a father ^[6] . Anna Vasilyevna subsequently bequeathed the city estate to Ekaterina Tyutcheva:

“On the summer of eighteen sixth, on the fifth day of February <...> I give the death of my retired guard, cornet Ivan Nikolayevich Tyutchev, to my wife evo, and to my native niece Katerina Lvovna and her heirs for the eternal and hereditary possession of my own three houses with lands owned by them <...> consisting of the Myasnitsky part of the first quarter, the first two under the number fifty, and the third under the number fifty-fourth with all household equipment, furniture, silver, things, dress, linen, by any kind of court, carriages, horses and horse-clothes, in a word, to say that there are none in these houses <...>. " ^[7]

• Osterman, Fedor Ivanovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
• Dvorakovsky V. Fedor Andreevich Osterman
• Rychalovsky E.E. Correspondence of Academician G.F. Miller and F.A.
• Lyubimov S.V. Experience of historical genealogies. Gundorovs, Zhizhemsky, Nesvitsky, Siberian, Zotov and Ostermany . - Pg. , 1915. - S. 91-103.