The Karadag hanate ( Persian خانات قره داغ ) is a feudal state in the territory of modern Iranian Azerbaijan , which existed in 1747 - 1808 . The center of the khanate was the city of Ahar.
| Historical state | |
| Karadag Khanate | |
|---|---|
1747 - 1808 | |
| Capital | Ahar |
| Religion | Islam |
| Form of government | Monarchy |
Content
Summary
- Territory -?
- Population - Azerbaijani Turks, Christians (a small part)
- Year of foundation - 1747
- Capital - Ahar City
- The neighboring states are in the west of the Khoy and Nakhchivan khanates, in the north - the Karabakh , in the east Talysh , in the south of the Tabriz and Ardabil khanates.
History
Like other Azerbaijani khanates , the Karadag Khanate was formed on the territory of South Azerbaijan after the death of Nadir Shah and the collapse of his power in 1747. The hereditary possession of the Karadagly clan became the basis of the new state.
In the first half of the 18th century, the Karadag ruler Kazym Khan, taking advantage of the weakening of central authority, achieved independence. But he was severely punished by Nadir Shah. After the death of Nadir Shah, the Karadag Khanate again achieved independence, and the power of Kazym Khan in Karadag (1747-1763) was restored.
In the khanate there was a 2 thousandth army. In the middle of the XVIII century, Kazym Khan joined the union of the Karabakh, Ganja and Khoy khanates against the Sheki Khan Haji Celebi.
The Hakims of Karadag or Karadzha-dag, who came from the ancient Sufis of this province and were considered hereditary caliphs of local dervishes and hereditary heads of the Karadaghly tribal formation, retained power in the Karadag Ulka in the 16th-18th centuries. In the second half of the XVI century. the representative of this family, Khalifey-i Ansar, the hakim of Karajadag and at one time the Shirvan runner, played a prominent role in the court of Shah Tahmasp I. One of the sons of Khalifey-i Ansar, Sohrab-bek, was a brutal suppressor of the rebellion of artisans and the urban poor in Tabriz in 1573 Another son of Khalifey-i Ansar Shah Verdi Khan, the hakim of Karajadag, during the conquest of Azerbaijan by the Turks (1588), switched to their side, changing the shah. For this, he and a number of his family members, after the new conquest of Azerbaijan by the Kyzylbashs in 1603, were executed. But nevertheless, the new hakim of Karajadag was appointed one of [168 - 169] representatives - loyal to the Shah - of the same family, Maksud-Sultan. This family, therefore, has not lost its inheritance rights to Karadag, nor has it lost its soyurgal estates. The nomadic traditions in the Kyzylbash state were so strong that the family of the Karadag khalifa, together with their vassals and their feudal militia (koshun), was officially considered a special "tribe". Among the Kyzylbash tribes, judging by the data of the scribal books (daftars) of the military department of the Shah’s government cited by Iskender Munshi, the “Karadaglu tribe” took eighth place, immediately after the seven main Kyzylbash tribes. [2]
Until 1808, the khanate was semi-independent, constantly falling under the influence of powerful neighbors. In 1808 it was annexed by Persia and finally lost its independence. [3]
Karadag khans
- Kazim Khan - ( 1748 - 1763 )
- Mustafakuli Khan - ( 1763 - 1782 , 1786 - 1791 )
- Ismail Khan - ( 1782 - 1783 , 1791 - 1797 )
- Nejefkuli Khan - ( 1783 - 1786 )
- Abbaskuli Khan - ( 1797 - 1813 )
- Muhammedkuli Khan of Karadag ( 1813 - 1828 )
Notes
- ↑ “In Safavi times, Azerbaijan was applied to all the Muslim-ruled khanates of the eastern Caucasian as well as to the area south of the Araz River as fas as the Qezel Uzan River, the latter region being approximately the same as the modern Iranian ostans of East and West Azerbaijan. ” Muriel Atkin, Russia and Iran, 1780-1828. 2nd. ed. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press Press, 2008, ISBN 0-521-58336-5
- ↑ I.P. Petrushevsky, Essays on the history of feudal relations in Azerbaijan and Armenia in the 16th - early 19th centuries, Leningrad State University, 1949.
- ↑ Garadag (Iran)
Link
- Anwar Genghisoglu . Garadagh. Baku, Shusha publishing house, 2008. 160 p.