Peter D. Eropkin ( 1724 - 1805 ) - a prominent Russian military and statesman of the Eropkin clan: participant in the Seven Years War , senator , in 1786-1790. Moscow commander in chief .
| Peter Dmitrievich Eropkin | |||||||
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| Monarch | Catherine II | ||||||
| Predecessor | Yakov Alexandrovich Bruce | ||||||
| Successor | Alexander Alexandrovich Prozorovsky | ||||||
| Birth | 1724 | ||||||
| Death | 1805 Moscow | ||||||
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| Father | Dmitry Fedorovich Eropkin | ||||||
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| Military service | |||||||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire | ||||||
| Type of army | army | ||||||
| Rank | general anshef | ||||||
| Battles | Seven year war | ||||||
Content
Biography
From the nobles ; the son of Riga vice-governor Dmitry Fedorovich Eropkin (d. 1750). In his youth, he was famous for beauty and excellent physical strength.
He began his service as an adjutant to his father, who was then the Moscow commandant in the rank of major general in 1736. Later (1740s) he was a duty major under the Moscow commander in chief V. Ya. Levashov .
He took part in the Seven Years War (1756-1763), and ended it as lieutenant general . August 19, 1759 for the victory at Palzig awarded the Order of St. Anne and 6 thousand rubles.
Upon accession to the throne, Catherine II was awarded the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky . In 1765, he was dismissed at the request of military service and appointed senator of the 5th Department of the Senate.
In the years 1769-71. headed the Main Salt Office and at the same time oversaw "the health of the entire city of Moscow." During the Plague Riot of 1771, decisive measures restored order in Moscow.
After the suppression of the rebellion, the exhausted Eropkin sent the empress a report on the Moscow events, at the same time asking him to be dismissed. In response, Catherine personally sent him a dismissal order with no date, leaving him to use it at her own discretion. In addition, she sent him 20 thousand rubles “ for the decisiveness and courageous suppression of the rebellion ” and awarded the Order of St. Andrew the First-Called . In addition to money and the St. Andrew’s ribbon, Catherine II gave Eropkin 4 thousand souls of peasants, but he refused them [1] .
In 1773 he was promoted to the rank of Actual Privy Councilor , which he was very dissatisfied with, because he would have preferred, as he put it in a letter to the Empress: “to end his life with the rank of lieutenant-general, acquired by him in thirty years of military service ”, and therefore next year retired.
After twelve years of being out of work, he was appointed in the summer of 1786 the Moscow Commander-in-Chief, with renaming as General-Anshefa . The time spent at this post was marked by large urban development projects ( Moscow drainage canal , repair of old and construction of new bridges, strengthening of Moskvoretskaya embankment , construction of a university building on Mokhovaya Street, etc.), measures to improve the supply of the city ("to avert the shortage of bread" in A spare bread store was opened in Moscow) and for the maintenance of public order: an increase in the number of Moscow police, the establishment of two Hussar squadrons under the Deanery Office patrolling the streets and observing order during mass festivities and public performances.
On February 19, 1790 (according to the old style) he was fired “on his own will”. Probably [2] , the real reason for the resignation was not Eropkin’s "exhausted strength", but the desire of Catherine II , worried about the events in France, to have a man in command in Moscow who was not as gentle as Eropkin, an unreliable seducer in her eyes. He was replaced at this post by combat general A. A. Prozorovsky .
Having retired, until his death he lived in a mansion on Ostozhenka . He died suddenly at a party in a rock-ball . He was buried in his estate in the village of Uspenskoye, Kaluga province . The lane between Ostozhenka and Prechistenka (formerly Sontsov, then Shenin) in the 18th century was called Eropkinsky .
Rewards
- Order of St. Anne 1st Art. (1760)
- Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (1762)
- Order of St. Andrew the First-Called (1771)
- Order of St. Vladimir 1st Art. (1788)
Privacy
Eropkin was a hospitable and hospitable host, an old-fashioned dignitary in appearance and manners. The dignitary of the empire emphasized his high position, traveling around with a trumpeter blowing when the crew stopped. He was
| tall, very thin, somewhat hunched over, of a very pleasant appearance, and who remembered his youth, they said that he was handsome. His eyes were large, very sharp-eyed and rather sunken, his nose was aquiline; he was powdery, wore a bundle and was combed in three curls [3] . |
Since November 1754, he was married to Elizaveta Mikhailovna Leontyeva (1727-1800), daughter of General-General M.I. Leontyev . In 1797 she was granted the status of ladies and cavalry ladies of the Order of St. Catherine . According to contemporaries, she was a rather stingy but virtuous lady, “and when she did good to anyone, her first persuasion was to remain a secret” [3] .
The spouses did not have children and became heirs: princes Gavriil Petrovich and Ivan Petrovich Gagarins and the brothers Novosiltsev - Vasily, Dmitry, Peter and Nikolai.
Notes
- ↑ Balyazin V. Imperial governors of the throne: 1709-1917. - M .: Publishing house Tverskaya, 13, 2000 .-- S. 191.
- ↑ History of Moscow (edited by M. M. Gorinov). Volume 3. M., 1997. pp. 112.
- ↑ 1 2 D. D. Blagovo . Tales of a grandmother from the memories of five generations. Leningrad: Science, 1989. pp. 29-31.