Japanese cryptomeria ( lat. Cryptoméria japónica ) - an evergreen tree of the Cypress family ( Cupressaceae ); the only species of the genus Cryptomeria ( Cryptomeria ). The plant is also called Japanese cedar . It is considered a national tree of Japan .
| Cryptomeria | |||||||||||||||||
 Japanese cryptomeria in a botanical garden in Marburg , Germany | |||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||
| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||
Cryptomeria D.Don (1838) | |||||||||||||||||
| Single view | |||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
| Security status | |||||||||||||||||
The Chinese name of this tree is Shan ( Chinese 杉 ), Japanese - Sugi ( 杉 ) is gradually replacing the old name - Japanese cedar , which is erroneous, since the tree does not belong to the genus Cedrus ( Cedrus ).
Content
- 1 Botanical Description
- 2 Distribution
- 3 Economic value and application
- 4 Taxonomy
- 4.1 Varieties
- 4.2 Synonymy
- 5 notes
- 6 Literature
- 7 References
Botanical Description
The height of the trunk is about 50 m. The crown is thick, narrow.
The bark is brownish red, fibrous.
Leaves are spirally arranged, light green, linearly awl-shaped, curved at the base.
Seed cones are almost spherical, about 2 cm in diameter, brownish, solitary, ripen in the first year and remain on the tree after seed dispersal .
Distribution
The plant is endemic to Japan and China , where it forms pure stands in the mountains. In Russia, in a single copy it was noted on the island of Kunashir - botanists suggested that this is the result of introduction [1] .
Economic Significance and Application
Cryptomeria is grown in gardens and parks , in Russia - on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus .
The wood is soft, light, resistant to decay, sometimes with a beautiful pattern, easy to process.
Taxonomy
Varieties
There are two varieties :
- Cryptomeria japonica var. japonica . Synonyms : Cupressus japonica Thunb. ex Lf ; Taxodium japonicum ( Thunb. Ex Lf ) Brongn.
- Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis miq. in Siebold et Zucc. Synonyms: Cryptomeria kawaii Hayata ; Cryptomeria mairei ( H.Lév. ) Nakai ; Cupressus mairei H.Lév. ; Cryptomeria fortunei Hooibr. , nom. inval.
Synonymy
- Cryptomeria araucarioides carrière
- Cryptomeria compacta Beissn.
- Cryptomeria fortunei Otto & A. Dietr.
- Cryptomeria generalis EHLKrause
- Cryptomeria kawaii hayata
- Cryptomeria lobbiana billain
- Cryptomeria lobbii ( Carrière ) Lavallée , nom. illeg.
- Cryptomeria mairei ( H.Lév. ) Nakai
- Cryptomeria mucronata Beissn.
- Cryptomeria nigricans carrière
- Cryptomeria pungens Beissn.
- Cryptomeria variegata Beissn.
- Cryptomeria viridis Beissn.
- Cupressus japonica Thunb. ex lf basionym
- Cupressus mairei H.Lév.
- Schubertia japonica ( Thunb. Ex Lf ) Spach
- Taxodium japonicum ( Thunb. Ex Lf ) Brongn. [2]
Notes
- ↑ In Russia, one more conifer has become more , the Kurilsky Nature Reserve (12/23/2015). Date of treatment January 7, 2016.
- ↑ Cryptomeria japonica
Literature
- Pravdin L.F. Genus Cryptomeria Don - Cryptomeria // Trees and Shrubs of the USSR: Wild, Cultivated and Promising for Introduction. - M. — L.: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1949. - T. 1. Gymnosperms / Ed. S. Ya. Sokolov, B.K. Shishkin. - S. 282-285. - 463 p. - 3000 copies.
Links
- Japanese cedar, Cryptomeria japonica v. japonica
- Cryptomeria on the Gymnosperm Database website (Retrieved April 17, 2009)
- Cryptomeria on the USDA NRCS website (English) (Retrieved April 17, 2009)
- Cryptomeria is an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .