Vinnitsa

There is an assumption that the Russian name of the village is associated with the Veps “venyanik” - Russian ^[2] .

It is first mentioned as a graveyard “near Vyunitsa” in the registry to the charter of Novgorod prince Svyatoslav Olgovich issued in 1137 to the Sophia Cathedral about changing fees in favor of the Novgorod diocese , in which the village is mentioned as one of many points for collecting the lesson ^[2] .

In the scribal books of the late XV — XVI centuries - Ilyinsky Venitsky churchyard as part of the Zaonezhsky churchyard (belonging to the Upland half of the Obonezhsky pyatiny ), in the XVIII - early XX century - volost center. As of 1860, Velikodvirsky volost belonged to the Vytegorsky district of the state property department. The volost included Minin, Velikodvorsky and Gomorovicheskie society ^[3] .

Until the second half of the 20th century, the oikonym of Vinnitsa did not denote a monolithic settlement, but a whole group (bush) of small villages located at a short distance from each other. A similar form of settlement was characteristic of the entire northeast of the modern Leningrad region, as well as a number of areas of the Vologda region and Karelia . Vinnytsia bush by the number of villages included in its composition and by population was one of the largest in the territory of the traditional residence of the Veps ethnos. According to the 1926 census , the village included more than forty villages ^[4] . The core of the bush was the Vinnitsa Pogost (a settlement near the parish church). The part of the village directly adjacent to the church was sometimes called the Andronovsky village (after the name of the Andronovskaya village, which, along with several other villages, was part of it).

ANDRONOVSKAYA (VINNITSKY POSTOST, VINNITSY) - a churchyard on the Oyat River, the number of yards - 3, the number of inhabitants: 9 m., 9 w. P.; The apartment is flat. Three Orthodox Churches. (1873) ^[5]

The compilation of the Central Statistical Committee described it like this:

ANDRONOVSKY (VINNYTSIA POGOST) - a former state village near the Oyat River, 4 yards, 27 residents; three Orthodox churches, a chapel. (1885) ^[6]

List of settlements of the Olonets province:

ANDRONOVSKAYA (at Vinitsky graveyard) - the village of the Vinitsky society at the Oyat river, the peasant population: houses - 6, families - 3, men - 27, women - 31; non-peasant: houses - 3, families - 3, men - 5, women - 7; horses - 6, cows - 12, other - 10. School. (1905) ^[7]

It should be noted that villages that still retain the status of independent settlements were considered part of the village of Vinnitsa . This is the village of Nekrasovo, located on the southern shore of the Oyat, and the village of Gribanovskaya , located a few kilometers downstream of the Oyat.

Over time, the village acquired the status of a local economic and administrative center, the influence of which spread to the entire southeastern part of the Lodeinopolsky district of the Olonets province. The consequence of this was the concentration in Vinnitsa of a significant number of administrative institutions and public organizations, as well as the relatively developed (by the standards of the rural hinterland of pre-revolutionary Russia) social infrastructure. By the beginning of the First World War, in the village, in addition to the church parish (which was the center of the deanery ), the camp apartment and the volost government , there were two Zemstvo schools (6 teachers), a Zemstvo emergency room for 5 beds (with a paramedic ), an apartment of the district doctor, paramedic and midwife grandmothers, as well as zemsky veterinarians. The first school appeared in Vinnitsa in 1856, it was transferred from the village of Yuksovichi (there it existed since 1844). In 1863 he was transferred back to Yuksovichi, but already in 1864 he was returned to Vinnitsa . The Zemsky medical site, located in Vinnitsa , served the Vinnitsa and Yuksovsky volosts in full, as well as half of Podporozhsky and half Shapshinsky volosts ( an outpatient clinic appeared in the village in 1919). The post and telegraph office worked. Also in the village was the Vinnitsa library of the Lodeinopolsky district zemstvo. The consumer society and the agricultural society functioned.

In the XIX - early XX centuries, the village administratively belonged to the 2nd camp of the Lodeinopolsky district of the Olonets province .

From 1917 to 1922, the village was part of the Vinnitsa village council of the Vinnitsa volost of the Lodeynopolsky district of the Olonets province.

Since 1922, as part of the Leningrad province .

Since 1927, as part of the Vinnitsa region , its administrative center ^[8] .

According to 1933, the Andronovskaya village was the administrative center of the Vinnitsa Village Council of the Vinnitsa National Veps District , which included 42 settlements: the villages of Alekseevskaya, Alekseevsky Navolok, Andronovskaya, Antonovskaya, Artyomovskaya, Velikodvornaya, Gribanovskaya, Davydovskaya, Esipovskaya, Zakharyevskaya, Isakovskaya, 1-ya Kalekhovskaya, 2nd Kalekhovskaya, 3rd Kalekhovskaya, Kargopolskaya, Kirillovskaya, Klimovskaya, Kobyliy Navolok, Kuzra, Kuzminskaya, Lipruchey, Maksimovskaya, Mikhailovskaya, Nekrasovo, Osipovskaya, Pugandruchei , Rodionovskaya, Romanovskaya, Savina, Sergeevskaya, Simanovschina, Timofeevskaya, Tumazy, Tour. Mountain, Filippovskaya, Harino, Yakovlevskaya, Yakovlevo-Vasilyevskaya, Yakhnovskaya, with a total population of 2870 people ^[9] .

According to 1936, the Vinnitsa Village Council with a center in the Andronovskaya village included 46 settlements, 530 farms and 14 collective farms ^[10] .

During the Great Patriotic War, the village was in the front line and was evacuated in late October - early November 1942. The evacuation was carried out on the basis of the decision of the Leningrad Executive Committee and the Bureau of the Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks of October 25, 1942, according to which the entire population living north of the village of Timofeevskaya (located on the southern coast of Oyat opposite the mouth of Shoksha) was subject to resettlement ^[11] . Enterprises and organizations of the Vinnitsa region were transferred to the village of Ozyora , which became the temporary center of the district, and eight collective farms of the Vinnitsa village council were located in the Peldush and Sarozersky village councils. After the liberation of the northern part of the region from Finnish troops in the summer of 1944, the evacuated residents returned to their former place of residence.

In 1961, the population of the village was 1928 people.

Since 1963, as part of the Lodeinopolsky district .

Since 1965, as part of the Podporozhsky district ^[8] .

According to 1966, the village of Andronovskoye was the administrative center of the Vinnitsa Village Council ^[12] .

By the decision of the Leningrad Executive Committee No. 592 of December 31, 1970, the Vinnytsia bush was merged into four settlements: the village of Vinnitsa included the settlements: the village of Andronovskoye, the villages of Timofeevskaya, Romanovskaya, Chapaevka, Esipovskaya, Kirillovskaya, Yakovlevskaya, Davydovskaya and Kuzminskaya. The village of Velikodvorskaya included the villages of Maksimovskaya, Osipovskaya, Isakovskaya, Yakhnovskaya, Mininskaya. The villages of Gribanovskaya and Nekrasovo were also enlarged ^[13] .

According to 1973, the administrative center of the Vinnitsa Village Council, which included 13 settlements, was the village of Vinnitsa ^[14] .

According to 1990 data, 2642 people lived in the village of Vinnitsa . The village was the administrative center of the Vinnitsa Village Council, which included 8 settlements: the villages of Averkievskaya , Veliky Dvor , Gribanovskaya, Zayatskaya, Nekrasovo, Tumazy; the village of Vinnitsa ; Ignatovskoye village, with a total population of 3028 people ^[15] .

In 1997, the village of Velikodvorskaya was included in Vinnitsa , for this year 2567 people lived in the village ^[16] .

In 2002, 2158 people lived in the village of Vinnitsa, Vinnitsa volost (Russians - 81%) ^[17] .

The village is located in the southern part of the district on the highway 41K-016 ( Station Oyat - Plotichno ). The distance to the district center is 74 km ^[15] .

The village is located on the right (northern) bank of the Oyat River , between the mouths of the Tuksha and Shoksha rivers. Part of the buildings of the village is located on the left bank of the Oyat (in particular, the regional hospital), along the road leading to the village of Lukinskaya .

The distance to the nearest railway station in Podporozhye is 84 km ^[12] .

Population

Change in population over the period from 1873 to 2017 ^{[18] [19] [20] [21] [8] [22] [23] [24]} :

National composition

Vinnitsa today are considered the center of the Veps settlement of the Leningrad region. However, the ethnic composition of the village’s population only partially corresponds to this status, and that is only relatively recently. In the sources of the XIX century, undivided dominance in the village of the Russian population is recorded. So, the list of populated areas of the Olonets province of 1873 (meticulously fixing even a “shrewd miracle”) as part of the Vinnitsa bush does not mark a single “Chudskoy” village ^[25] . According to the 1926 census , only 40 Vepsians (1.6% of the population) lived in the Tukshinsky and Vinnitsa village councils of the Vinnitsa volost, out of 2541 people ^[26] .

The situation begins to change only after Vinnitsa, who received the status of a district center, became attractive for Veps migrants from the periphery of the Vinnitsa region . Already in 1939, in the village of Andronovskoye (this is only part of modern Vinnitsa), there were 47 Vepsians, and they made up 18.2% of its population ^[27] . In the post-war period, the influx of immigrants continued, and by 1989 the proportion of Vepsians in Vinnitsa reached 31% of the population ^[28] .

It should be noted that the mass migration of Vepsians to Vinnitsa contributed to the development of assimilation processes in the Vepsian environment. A significant part of the Vepsians, who settled in Vinnitsa, entered into marriages with local Russians, and the descendants of these mixed couples in the vast majority of cases considered themselves to be Russian. A wide cross-breeding to some extent explains the sharp fluctuations in the number of Veps between some censuses (in particular, between the censuses of 1989 and 2002), since the descendants of mixed marriages in different years could differently determine their nationality, which depended, in particular, on from changes in political conditions.

Agriculture

Vinnitskoye CJSC is located in the village - one of the three currently operating agricultural enterprises of the Podporozhsky district. The main activity of the enterprise is dairy farming . Also, Vinnitskoye CJSC is engaged in growing potatoes on an area of ​​4 hectares. In 2009, 35 tons of potato were produced with a yield of 87.5 kg / ha (2008 - 14.1 tons with a yield of 47 kg / ha). However, the main part of agricultural production in Vinnitsa, as in the entire Podporozhsky district, is produced by personal subsidiary plots of the population.

Transport and Communications

A dirt road Domozhirovo (highway M18 ) - Alyokhovschina - Yaroslavichi - Vinnitsa - Arkhangelsk tract (highway P37 ) passes through Vinnitsa. Another road, starting from Vinnitsa, crosses Oyat and goes south, to Ozyora , Kurba and Ladva, the third goes to the north-west and connects Vinnitsa with the village of Chikozero .

The village has a bus station (opened in 1972). Bus routes connect Vinnitsa with St. Petersburg , Podporozhye , as well as with the settlements of the southern part of Podporozhsky district - Yaroslavichi , Ladva, Ignatovsky, Peldushi, Myagozero. As of 2010, 34–35 flights per week departed from the station (the daily number of departures varies considerably depending on the day of the week).

In the village there was an airfield with flights to Leningrad with an intermediate landing in Lodeynoye Pole .

In Vinnitsa there is a rural post office (postcode 187760).

Of the educational institutions in Vinnitsa there is a municipal secondary school No. 12, as well as two kindergartens : No. 2 and No. 8. It should be noted that since 2009 the Vinnitsa school has remained the only secondary educational institution in the territory of a rural settlement, i.e. in the entire southern part of the Podporozhsky district.

The village has the Vinnitsa district hospital (opened in 1925) with 30 beds. The hospital includes a clinic with a capacity of 110 visits per shift. Doctors have 2 people.

In Vinnitsa there is the Veps House of Culture - the Veps Center of Folklore. Also in the village are the Vinnitsa Rural Library and the Vinnitsa Children's Library.

In the village there is a parish church of the Smolensk Icon of the Mother of God. This wooden church was built in 1676 (it was consecrated in the name of St. Nicholas) and was originally located in the Padansky desert, near Vinnitsa. After the fire of 1785, when the parish church in Vinnitsa burned down, the Nikolaev church was transported to the village and was the parish until 1873. On March 7 (19), 1871, a new church was consecrated in the name of Basil the Great, and on March 17 (29), 1873 - the chapels of St. vmch Dmitry Solunsky and St. Nicholas of Myra the Miracle Worker (this church was closed in 1935, its building has not been preserved). Soon after, the Nikolaev Church was closed and it was decided to demolish it. However, through the efforts of the local peasant D.P. Kalkasov, this church was moved to a new place, restored and consecrated on June 20 (July 2), 1883 in the name of the Smolensk Icon of the Mother of God.

The Smolensk church was closed in 1935, returned to the church in 1991. Two churches are assigned to it - the Intercession of the Holy Virgin in Chicozero and St. St. Nicholas the Wonderworker in Yaroslavichi , as well as three chapels - St. St. Sergius of Radonezh in Gonginich, st. the Prophet Elijah in Sarozero and St. equapap. Grand Duke Vladimir in Ladva.

The village is considered the center of settlement of the Veps people .

In 1998, a center was established in the village of Vinnitsa for the revival of the original crafts of the Veps people: weaving, weaving from birch bark, vines, embroidery, patchwork.

Since 1987, annually, on June 16, the traditional Veps folk festival-festival “The Tree of Life” has been held , which attracts several thousand people from the Leningrad region, Karelia, the Murmansk and Vologda regions.

The Veps Folklore Center was created on the basis of the House of Culture. The ethnographic exposition “We are Veps” is presented.

• Church of the Smolensk Icon of the Mother of God
• A group of mounds of the 11th – 13th centuries in the center of the village
• Veps National Puppet Theater

The village is located near the Veps forest.

50 years of the Komsomol, Velikodvorskaya, Civil, Country lane, Zarechnaya, Green, Communal, Komsomolskaya, Cooperative, Red, Forest, Embankment, New, Ostrovsky, Oyatsky lane, Pioneer lane, Podgornaya, Sadovaya, Severnaya, Smirnova, Smolensky lane, Soviet, State Farm, Sports, South Lane ^[29] .

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  House in the village of Vinnitsa

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  Three-story houses

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  In the left bank of the village

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  Bridge over the Oyat River

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  Church in Vinnitsa

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  Oyat River

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  Panorama of the village and the Oyat River from the suspension bridge

• The site of the village of Vinnitsa
• Culture of the Leningrad Region: Encyclopedia (article about Vinnitsa)