Kaitag dialect (Haidak) - one of the Dargin dialects , the language of Kaitag . Distributed in the Kaitag region of mountain Dagestan .
| Kaitag dialect | |
|---|---|
| Self name | haidak / Οajdaq ' / |
| Country | Russia |
| Regions | Dagestan |
| Total number of speakers | 21 thousand people |
| Classification | |
| Category | Languages ββof Eurasia |
North Caucasian superfamily
| |
Content
Classification Issues
Traditionally, Kaitag is considered one of the dialect groups of the "Dargin language." Structurally, it is quite different from other Dargin languages, forming one of the four subgroups in their composition.
Linguogeography / Current situation
Dialects
Dialects are traditionally combined into two groups: Upper and Lower Kita, the differences between which are quite significant.
Writing
The inscriptions in Kaitag in Arabic script have been known since the end of the 15th century. In the XX century, the Kaitagans use the Dargin literary language as a literary language .
Linguistic characteristic
Phonetics and Phonology
Compared to other Dargin languages, Kaitag consonantism is characterized by a spirant / Ξ² /, heminated and labialized consonants . The articulation of the velar spirants r ' , xb is strongly advanced and is close to the palatal row.
The vowel system includes four basic units - / i, e, u, a / and pharyngealized aI (graphically βIβ). Long vowels are characteristic, arising as a result of the contraction of two vowels, primarily / Δ /.
There are alternations associated with the transition of the rear lingual in some positions to hissing affricates .
Morphology
In the case system, the absence of instrumentalis and theme is characteristic . The plural is expressed by special suffixes : wise, -imdri, -undri, -ppi, -di.
Personal pronouns of the first person distinguish between the forms of inclusive and exclusive .
Adjectives are formed using the suffix -can / kai (cf. in other Dargin languages: -si, -qi, -ce, zeeb, il / al).
The verb system is common Dargin, although outwardly many formants differ markedly.
Vocabulary
Kumyk and Arabic borrowings are present in vocabulary, as in all Dagestan languages.
Literature
- Temirbulatova S.M. Khaidaksky dialect of the Dargin language. Makhachkala, 2004.
Notes
Links
- Kaitag language / Yu. B. Koryakov // Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. ed. Yu.S. Osipov . - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2004β2017.