Konstantin Ivanovich Gershelman ( German: Konstantin Peter Friedrich von Hoerschelmann ; 1825 - 1898 ) - Russian military leader, adjutant general (04.17.1876), infantry general (05.14.1896), participant in the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878.
| Konstantin Ivanovich Gershelman | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | December 2 (14), 1825 |
| Date of death | November 16 (28), 1898 (72 years old) |
| Place of death | |
| Affiliation |  Russian empire |
| Type of army | infantry, General Staff |
| Rank | general from infantry |
| Commanded | 24th infantry. div |
| Battles / wars | Hungarian campaign of 1849 , the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878 |
| Awards and prizes |        |
Content
Biography
His father, a lawyer Ivan Vasilievich (Johann Wilhelm) (1779-1831) - a member, and then the prosecutor and vice president of the Justits College [1] .
Constantine was the youngest son; seniors: Roman (Robert Karl Woldemar, German: Robert Karl Woldemar ; 1815-1887) - lieutenant general; Victor (Victor Heinrich Eduard, German: Viktor Heinrich Eduard ; 1817-1877) - lieutenant general engineer; Vladimir (Voldemar Matthias Ernst August Ferdinand, German: Woldemar Matthias Ernst August Ferdinand ; 1821–1887) - military doctor, privy councilor.
He was brought up in the Pavlovsk Cadet Corps , from where he was promoted to the first officer rank of ensign on August 10, 1844 and entered the Pavlovsky Regiment in the Life Guards . At the end of the Imperial Military Academy (1st category) in 1848 he was assigned to the General Staff; 04/11/1848 promoted to second lieutenant.
In 1849, he participated in hostilities against the Hungarians and, while forcing the crossing of the Tisu River near Tokai, was shell-shocked with a core in his head; for honors in the Hungarian campaign he was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the 4th degree “For Courage” and St. Anne of the 3rd degree with swords and a bow. From December 6, 1849 - lieutenant. Occupying various posts in the General Staff within the Petersburg Military District, on September 15, 1864 he was promoted to major general and appointed assistant chief of staff of the troops of this district, in 1868 he was enlisted in the retinue of His Imperial Majesty.
On August 30, 1873 he was promoted to lieutenant general , in 1876 he was granted the adjutant general to His Imperial Majesty and was appointed head of the 24th Infantry Division, with whom he went to the European theater of war with Turkey . “This division, ” wrote an eyewitness to the Shipkinsky defense N. Borozdin, “ was considered almost equal to the guard, its commander was close to the yard and, sending his soldiers to the pass, he recommended that the officers“ not undead lower ranks and show the Shipkins how to behave the real soldier "" . In October 1877, the division arrived at Shipka , and in November, severe frosts and snowstorms began, fatally responding to the division, “smartly dressed” and “brought up in strict custody,” but shod and not dressed for the winter campaign in the mountainous conditions of the Balkans. Having lost 5425 people who were sick and feverish in three regiments within a month, the division, which was called “frozen,” was removed from Shipkin’s position on December 6, 1877. V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko reported: “In the squalid cathedral in Gabrovo lay the ranks of soldiers of the 24th division. They were Shipka’s frozen martyrs ... Frozen because their life was dear to anyone. Sharkuns, phrase-mongers, careerists did not care about these hundreds of our workers . ”
After Shipka, Gershelman was appointed to be at the disposal of the Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich , and at the end of the war, formally remaining the commander of the 24th Infantry Division (until 1880), he was assigned to the troops of the Guard and the St. Petersburg Military District; in 1894 he was expelled to the retinue of His Imperial Majesty, in 1896 he was promoted to general from infantry. He had the Order of St. Stanislav 1st degree (1867), St. Anna of the 1st degree (1870), St. Vladimir of the 2nd degree (1871), the White Eagle with swords (1878).
He died on November 16 ( 28 ), 1898 ; buried at the Nikolsky cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra [2] .
Family
Wife: Ekaterina Fedorovna (1831-1908), daughter of F.F. Beger . They had 8 children. Three sons also rose to the rank of general:
- Sergey Konstantinovich (1854-1910) - infantry general, during the Russo-Japanese War he commanded the 9th Infantry Division and then was the Moscow Governor General;
- Fedor Konstantinovich (1853 - not earlier than 1927) - cavalry general, was the chief of staff of the Warsaw Military District and a famous military writer.
- Dmitry Konstantinovich (1859-1913) - infantry general (1913), chief of staff of the Separate Gendarmes Corps (1907-1913).
There were 2 more sons: Peter (1857—?) And Vladimir (1880-1934); 3 daughters: Julia (1855–?), Eugene (1861–1862) and Lydia (1865–1867).
Notes
- ↑ Hörschelmann, Johann Wilhelm in the Baltisches Biographisches Lexikon Digital Dictionary (German)
- ↑ Petersburg necropolis
Sources
- Gershelman, Konstantin Ivanovich // List of generals by seniority . Done on January 1, 1898. - SPb. : Military Printing House, 1898. - P. 85.
- Borozdin N. Shipka - Pleven (1877-1878). - M., 1912.
- Gershelman, Konstantin Ivanovich // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 vol.] / Ed. V.F. Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-va I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- Nemirovich-Danchenko V.I. Year of the war (diary of a Russian correspondent). T. 2.- SPb., 1879.