Yaranga ( Chuk. Yaraӈy - home, house) - the traditional portable or stationary home of the Chukchi . Some other peoples of the north-east of Siberia have similar dwellings: the Eskimos ( myn'tyg'ak ), Koryak ( Yuran'y ), Evens , Yukagirs . It has a dome shape and a height of 3.5 to 4.7 meters and a diameter of 5.7 to 7-8 meters [1] .
Content
- 1 Design
- 2 See also
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
- 5 Links
Design
The yaranga frame is assembled from light wooden poles in the form of a wall slightly inclined inward and a cone or dome above it. Unlike portable yarangas, stationary ones have a central pillar or tripod supporting conical overlap. In some yarang, the peak is somewhat shifted to the north. Top frame covered with deer or walrus skins , in the summer - with a tarp. On average, about 50 skins are required to spend on regular yarana. Outside, the yaranga is tied with straps with stones tied to them. Seaside Chukchi lower part of the stationary yaranga is surrounded with stones or turf in the form of a low wall. The door - a boardwalk or from a piece of leather - is closed only during snowstorms.
Inside the yaranga, it is divided into a residential heated room - a yorong and a cold front. A bonfire is lit in the front. Since there is no smoke hole, smoke from the source exits through the door.
Yoronga is the warm part of the yaranga, the canopy, by the wall opposite the door. It is a light rectangular box of planed little pots, covered with dressed up deer skins, the floor of which is covered with lagt leather. Dry grass is applied to the ceiling. The front wall is a freely descending curtain - chugryn , lifting which crawl into the yorong. The number of yorongs (usually 3-4) depends on the number of couples or parents and children. All canopies are tied with poles to a horizontal pole at the rear wall of the dwelling. The Yoronga is illuminated and heated by one or several - depending on size - grease boxes ( eek - for the Chukchi and Nanik - for the Eskimos) - stone, clay or wooden lamps with the fat of marine animals. They also cooked food.
See also
- Wigwam
- Tipi
- Plague
- Yurt
Notes
- ↑ Chukchi (HTML) (inaccessible link) . www.kamchadaly.ru . The Kamchadals. Date of treatment April 17, 2013. Archived February 4, 2015.
Literature
- Vdovin I. S. , Batyanova E. P. Chapter III “Chukchi” § “Peoples of the North-East of Siberia” // “Economy and material culture”. - M .: " Science ", 2010. - S. 533. - 773 p. - ("Peoples and Cultures"). - ISBN 978-5-02-036993-1 .
- Lopulenko N. A. Chapter IV “The Eskimos” § “The Peoples of the North-East of Siberia” // “Economy and Material Culture”. - M .: " Science ", 2010. - S. 595-598. - 773 s. - ("Peoples and Cultures"). - ISBN 978-5-02-036993-1 .
Links
- Chukchi Art (HTML) (inaccessible link) . www.dinets.travel.ru . Date of treatment June 7, 2019. Archived November 18, 2018.