Pecilian , or gambusian [1] ( lat. Poeciliidae ) - a family of lacquer fish of the order Cyprinidae .
| Pecilian | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Mexican pecilia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Poeciliidae Garman , 1895 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The family has about 300 species of small live-bearing fish that live in fresh, partially brackish and marine waters of America from California and Philadelphia in North America to Ecuador and Uruguay in South. These small fish live in a variety of reservoirs: large and small lakes, quiet rivers, turbulent streams. Several species live in the Panama Canal, in estuaries filled with sea tides, and in sea waters (15-30 km from the coast). The color is varied. Many Pecilian males have fewer females, they differ in secondary sexual characteristics: a “sword” from the elongated lower rays of the caudal fin (in some species of swordfish), a high dorsal fin (in one of the species of Pecilia - mollionesia), and an elongated caudal fin (in guppies).
Most live-bearing Peciliae are schooling fish. Bright colors or spots help fish to find representatives of their species and group in a flock. In a pack of guppies, fry “learn” to recognize individuals of the opposite sex. If males and females of guppies from the moment of birth are separately kept in aquariums, they will not be able to recognize fish of a different sex.
Systematics
- Subfamily Aplocheilichthyinae ( Myers , 1928 )
- Aplocheilichthys ( Bleeker , 1863 )
- Hylopanchax ( Poll et Lambert , 1965 )
- Laciris ( Huber , 1982 )
- Lacustricola (Myers, 1924 )
- Poropanchax ( Clausen , 1967 )
- Subfamily Poeciliinae ( Garman , 1895 )
- Alfaro (genre) - Alfaro ( Meek , 1912 )
- Belonesox Kner , 1860 - Hookahs , or Belonesox
- Brachyrhaphis ( Regan , 1913 )
- Carlhubbsia ( Whitley , 1951 )
- Cnesterodon - Knestrodons ( Garman , 1895)
- Gambusia Poey , 1854 - Gambusia
- Girardinus - Girardinus (Poey, 1854)
- Heterandria - Goethendria ( Agassiz , 1853 )
- Limia - Limia (Poey, 1854)
- Micropoecilia ( Hubbs , 1926 )
- Neoheterandria ( Henn , 1916 )
- Pamphorichthys (Regan, 1913)
- Phallichthys - Fallichts (Hubbs, 1924)
- Phalloceros - Falocers ( Eigenmann , 1907 )
- Phalloptychus - Falloptichi (Eigenmann, 1907)
- Phallotorynus (Henn, 1916)
- Poecilia - Pecilia , or Mollinesia ( Bloch et Schneider , 1801 )
- Poeciliopsis - Peciliopsis (Regan, 1913)
- Priapella - Priapella (Regan, 1913)
- Priapichthys (Regan, 1913)
- Pseudopoecilia (Regan, 1913)
- Quintans - Quintana (Hubbs, 1934 )
- Scolichthys (Rosen, 1967)
- Tomeurus (Eigenmann, 1909 )
- Xenodexia (Hubbs, 1950 )
- Xenophallus (Hubbs, 1924)
- Xiphophorus (Heckel, 1848 )
- Subfamily Procatopodinae ( Fowler , 1916)
- Cynopanchax ( Ahl , 1928 )
- Fluviphylax (Whitley, 1965)
- Hypsopanchax (Myers, 1924)
- Lamprichthys (Regan, 1911 )
- Micropanchax (Myers, 1924)
- Pantanodon (Myers, 1955 )
- Plataplochilus (Ahl, 1928)
- Procatopus (Boulenger, 1904 )
Notes
- ↑ Reshetnikov Yu.S. , Kotlyar A.N. , Russ T.S. , Shatunovsky M.I. The Bilingual Dictionary of Animal Names. Fish. Latin, Russian, English, German, French. / edited by Acad. V. E. Sokolova . - M .: Rus. Yaz., 1989 .-- P. 182. - 12,500 copies. - ISBN 5-200-00237-0 .