EEC in 1993
The European Economic Community (abbreviated EEC ) is a regional integration association of twelve European states that existed from 1957 to 1993. The purpose of the creation was further economic integration , including the creation of a common market [1] .
Content
History
The main stages of development of European integration: Free Trade Zone (1958-1968); Customs Union (1968-1986); Common Market (1986-1992); Economic and Monetary Union (1992-present).
- 1957 year. The establishment by the member countries of the European Coal and Steel Association of the European Economic Community (EEC) [2] . According to the Rome Treaty , the objectives of the EEC were: the creation of a customs union (the gradual abolition of customs duties and quantitative restrictions in mutual trade), a common agricultural policy, free movement of capital , labor and services between the member countries of the EEC. Six countries entered the EEC: France , Germany , Italy , Belgium , the Netherlands , Luxembourg . Regarding countries that are not members of the Community, unified customs tariffs have been established [3] .
- 1958 - the first community commission began work [4] .
- 1964 - A common agricultural market was established and price uniformity was introduced.
- 1969 year. Making a decision in The Hague to expand the community and deepen integration ( Tyndeman's plan ).
- 1972 - the European Joint Float Agreement was developed, which allowed the currencies of the participating countries to change relative to each other in the range of 2.25% [5] .
- 1973 year. Joining the EEC of Great Britain , Denmark , Ireland .
- 1979 year. Introduction of the European Monetary System [6] .
- 1981 year. Joining the EEC of Greece .
- 1986 year. Joining the EEC of Spain and Portugal .
- 1991 year. Agreement between the EEC and the European Free Trade Association on the establishment of the European Economic Area [3] .
- 1993 - after the creation of the European Union, the EEC was renamed the European Community , becoming the main community of one of the three pillars of the European Union , [7] and the community institutions became Union institutions .
Member States
| Flag | State | Date of entry | Languages | Currency | Population (1990) [8] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | March 25, 1957 | Dutch , French and German | Belgian franc [9] | 10 016 000 | |
| Great Britain | January 1, 1973 | English | GBP | 57 681 000 | |
| Greece | January 1, 1981 | Greek | greek drachma | 10 120 000 | |
| Denmark | January 1, 1973 | Danish | Danish krone | 5 146 500 | |
| West Germany [10] | March 25, 1957 | Deutsch | German mark | 63 254 000 [11] | |
| Ireland | January 1, 1973 | Irish and English | irish pound | 521 000 | |
| Spain | January 1, 1986 | Spanish [12] | spanish peseta | 38 993 800 | |
| Italy | March 25, 1957 | Italian | italian lira | 56 762 700 | |
| Luxembourg | March 25, 1957 | French , German and Luxembourgish | Luxembourg franc | 384 400 | |
| Netherlands | March 25, 1957 | Dutch | netherlands guilder | 14 892 300 | |
| Portugal | January 1, 1986 | Portuguese | portuguese escudo | 9 862 500 | |
| France | March 25, 1957 | French | french franc | 56 718 000 |
See also
- Eurasian Economic Union
Notes
- ↑ European Economic Community . The modern encyclopedia . Dictionaries and Encyclopedias on the Academician. Date of treatment July 27, 2010. Archived March 2, 2012.
- ↑ European Economic Community . Finance. Explanatory dictionary. 2nd ed. - M .: "INFRA-M", Publishing house "All World". Brian Butler, Brian Johnson, Graham Sidwell et al. General Editors: Doctor of Economics Osadchaya I.M .. 2000 .. Date of treatment December 2, 2012. Archived December 5, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 International Integration in Europe // International Economic Relations / Ed. V.E. Rybalkina. - 6th edition, perab. and additional .. - M .: UNITY, 2006. - S. 304-308. - 591 p. - ISBN 5-09-002630-0 .
- ↑ The Hallstein Commission
- ↑ Baldwin, Richard & Wyplosz, Charles. The European Monetary System // The Economics of European Integration. - London, New York, Madrid, Milan .: McGraw-Hill, 2004 .-- S. 313—326. - 458 p. - ISBN 0-077-103947 .
- ↑ Evolution of the European Monetary System . Date of treatment October 16, 2010. Archived July 2, 2012.
- ↑ The structure of the three pillars was abolished in 2009, when the pillars were replaced by a single, legal European Union.
- ↑ Data from Populstat.info (English) .
- ↑ Belgian and Luxembourgish francs had a 1: 1 ratio.
- ↑ The unification of Germany took place in 1990.
- ↑ Including East Germany - 80,274,200.
- ↑ And there are also regional dialects and languages: Aran , Galician , Basque and Catalan .
Literature
- Cornelius Luke. Trading in world currency markets = Trading in the Global Currency Markets. - M .: Alpina Publisher, 2005 .-- 716 p. - ISBN 5-9614-0206-1 .
| Signed by Entered into force Document | 1948 1948 Brussels Pact | 1951 1952 Paris Treaty | 1954 1955 Paris agreements | 1957 1958 Roman treaties | 1965 1967 Merger agreement | 1975 not applicable European Council Decision | 1986 1987 Single European Act | 1992 1993 Maastricht Treaty | 1997 1999 Amsterdam Treaty | 2001 2003 Nice contract | 2007 2009 Lisbon Treaty | ||||||||||
| The three pillars of the European Union: | |||||||||||||||||||||
| European Communities: | |||||||||||||||||||||
| European Community atomic energy (Euratom) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| European Union coal and steel (EUSC) | Expired in 2002 | European Union (EU) | |||||||||||||||||||
| European Economic Community (EEC) | European Community (EU) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Trevi | Justice and Home Affairs (LDP) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters (PSSU) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| European political cooperation (ENP) | General Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Unconsolidated bodies | Western European Union (WEU) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Termination of activity by 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||