Tolstoy, Sergey Lvovich

In childhood, he studied music with his mother - Sofia Andreevna Tolstoy and with the Tula teacher A. G. Michurin, in parallel with his studies at the Tula gymnasium . He studied composition with Sergei Ivanovich Taneev .

In 1881-1886 he studied at the Department of Natural Sciences of the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Moscow University. At the same time he attended courses at the conservatory at N. D. Kashkin and B. P. Prokunin .

He worked in the Tula branch of the Peasant Land Bank , in St. Petersburg in the management of the Peasant Bank. In 1890 he became the zemsky chief of the Chernsky district of the Tula province, where his estate Nikolskoye-Vyazemsky was located . From the middle of 1890-1900, he dealt a lot with the support of the Tolstoyans who were repressed by the authorities for anti-government activities, including L. A. Sulerzhitsky . In 1898-1899 he took part in the resettlement of the Dukhobors to Canada, about which he left valuable memories.

He wrote romances to the words of Russian poets, including A. S. Pushkin , K. M. Fofanov , A. A. Fet , F. I. Tyutchev ; processed 27 Scottish, 2 Belgian songs. At the competition "House of Songs" (1908) he was awarded the prize for music to the 10 Scottish songs of Robert Burns . Compiled collections of Scottish (Moscow, 1927) and old French songs (Moscow, 1933).

As a result of acquaintance and collaboration with Hazrat Inayat Khan , who spent several months in Russia in 1913 - 1914 , he began to study Indian music. In 1914 he signed a contract with Inayat Khan on the publication of the score and staging of the ballet “ Shakuntala ” based on the play of the same name by Kalidasa . In 1915 he published a music album - Tolstoy S. L. and Paul V. I. “Hindu songs and dances according to the records of Inayat Khan. Arrangement for Piano ”(Ed. E. Eberg).

Subsequently, until 1921 (when the RSFSR mail service with foreign countries almost ceased) he was the musical representative of Russia in The Sufi Order, founded by Hazrat Inayat Khan at the beginning of the 20th century in Great Britain.

He took a lively part in the preservation and popularization of memorial sites associated with the name of his father. In 1914 he wrote the first guide to Yasnaya Polyana.

He wrote a number of articles on music in the life of L. N. Tolstoy, including “Music in the life of L. N. Tolstoy” (Music, 1911, No. 50, 51), “Musical works beloved by L. N. Tolstoy ” (in book: Tolstoy Yearbook, 1912. - M., 1912), "Leo Tolstoy and Tchaikovsky" (in the book: History of Russian music in research and materials. - Moscow, 1924. - T. I).

In 1926-1930 - professor at the Moscow Conservatory . Memoirist, composer, pseudonym S. Brodinsky . After the October Revolution he worked in the music department of the People's Commissariat for Education , participated in folklore expeditions. In 1921-1930, a research fellow at the State Institute of Music Science (HIMS). In 1928-1929 - a teacher of musical ethnography at the Moscow Conservatory.

Author of works on folk music: “ Companion of an ethnographic musician ” (together with P. N. Zimin : M., 1929), “Spanish folk music” (“Soviet music.” - 1937. - No. 7).

He was buried at Vvedensky cemetery .

The first marriage was married to Maria Konstantinovna Rachinsky (1865-1900), daughter of the director of the Moscow Agricultural Institute K. A. Rachinsky ; the wedding took place on July 9, 1895. Alexandra Lvovna Tolstaya wrote: “The great joy for the whole family was the marriage of Sergei to Mana Rachinskaya, the daughter of the director of the famous agricultural Petrovsky Academy. It was hard to imagine a shy, secretive, ashamed expression of all feelings, an ugly Seryozha, caring for a pretty, attractive girl, Manya Rachinskaya. Tanya’s girlfriend was lovely, smart, sweet, educated (she graduated from the University of England). ” But already after their honeymoon, they separated (November 19, 1896), and in July 1897 a son was born, Sergey Sergeyevich Tolstoy - A. L. Tolstaya noted: “No one knew the real reason why Manya was unexpectedly accepted into the family , which Sergei loved so much, suddenly abandoned him. Around, as always, a lot of assumptions were made, they accused Manu, gossiping vilely. Sergey was silent. He retired to his little house in Nikolsky-Vyazemsky, played the piano, composed, and poured out his grief in music. ” After giving birth, Maria Rachinskaya fell ill with consumption; in 1898 she went abroad for treatment, where she died (in England). Son Sergey was brought up in the family of Rachinsky’s grandfather.

Second wife (since 1906) - Countess Maria Nikolaevna Zubova (08/15/1867; Karlsruhe -1939), granddaughter of Count N. D. Zubov and Count V. D. Olsufiev .

Order of the Red Banner of Labor

• What is the happiness of life: For Wednesdays. votes: d.1-f.2 / Fr. J. Moriera. - M.; Leipzig qualification 1902. - 3 p.
• Night Wind: For Bass / Dem. F. Tyutcheva; Him. trans. L. Esber. - M.; Leipzig: P. Jurgenson, qualification 1902. - 7 p.
• Duma after Duma: For Wednesdays. votes: c.1-d.1 / Fr. F. Tyutcheva; Him. trans. L. Esber. - M.; Leipzig: P. Jurgenson, qualification 1902. - 7 p.
• This day, I remember, for me: For Wednesdays. votes: c.1-g.2 / Fr. F. Tyutcheva; Him. trans. L. Esber. - M.; Leipzig: P. Jurgenson, qualification 1902. - 5 p.
• We met again: For Wednesdays. votes: c.1-as.1 / Fr. A. Feta; Him. trans. L. Esber. - M.; Leipzig: P. Jurgenson, qualification 1902. - 5 p.
• Hi: For the average voice / Fr. A. Feta; Deutsch von L. Esbeer. - M.; Leipzig: P. Jurgenson, qualification 1902. - 5 p.
• Seven Scottish Songs to the Words of Robert Burns and Hector McNeil: For voice from f.p. Accompaniment: Op. 4 / Gr. Sergey Tolstoy. - Berlin and others: Ros. muses publishing house - 39 p.
• I hear a ringing: For voice from fp .; d.1-d.2: Op. 7, No. 1 / Harmonization. Count Sergei Tolstoy. - M.: Eberg, B.G. - 3 p.
• Two songs: For voice from fp .: Op. 2. - M.: Publ. author (Pech. P. Jurgenson), 1911 .-- 9 p.
• 10 Scottish songs (10 Scottish songs = Shottische Lieder) for one voice with piano accompaniment: Op. 3 / arrangement by S. L. Tolstoy: to the words of Robert Burns. - Berlin; Moscow: Grew. muses publishing house, 1911. - 43 p .; 35 cm
• "Hindu songs and dances Recorded prof. Inayat-Khanom ”, arranged by Sergey Tolstoy and Vladimir Pol, B.G. - M. 1915 - 31 s (sheet music for piano) PDF .
• Centaur: For voice with accompaniments. f.p .; h-fis. 2: Op. 10, No. 5 / Words by F. L. Sollogub. - M.: Mussector of the State Publishing House, 1925. - 5 p.
• Sleep well! Romance for voice with piano accompaniment: [d¹-g²]: op. 10 / music by S. L. Tolstoy; next A. Feta. - Moscow: State. muses Publishing House, 1925. - 3 p. : ill .; 36 cm. - (Five romances; No. 3).
• Insomnia: For voice with accompaniment. fp .: e.1-fis.2: Op. 10 / Ch. A. Pushkin. - M.: State. publishing house Muses sector, 1925. - 5 s.
• Where is our rose: For voice from fp .: c.1-e.2: Op. 10 / Ch. A.S. Pushkin. - M.: State. publishing house Muses sector, 1925. - 3 p.
• Sleep well! : For voice with accompaniment. fp .: d.1-g.2: Op. 10 / Ch. A. Feta. - M.: State. publishing house Muses sector, 1925. - 3 p.
• Ten Scottish Songs for Voice with PF: Op. 8 / (Harmonization and translations into Russian by S.L. Tolstoy). - M.: Mus. Gos sector. Publishing House, 1927. - 30 p.
• Collection of old French songs: Voice from f.-p. - M.: State. muses Publishing House, 1933. - 44 p. \

A significant part of the heritage of S. L. Tolstoy is in the archives of the Museum of Musical Culture. Glinka .

Bibliography

• On the composition of the peasant estate / Gr. Sergey Tolstoy. - Moscow: the magazine "Russian Thought", 1904. - 78 p.
• Turgenev in Yasnaya Polyana // Voice of the Past. 1919.
• Fedor Tolstoy-American : [Essay] Moscow: [State. Acad. artist Sciences], 1926. - 111 p. : Portr .; 17 cm. - (Texts and Materials / State. Academic Art. Sciences; Issue 5).
• Memoirs of S. L. Tolstoy // L. N. Tolstoy. Monuments of creativity and life. - M., 1928.
• Mother and grandfather of L. N. Tolstoy: Essays on life, diaries, notes and letters based on unpublished materials / S. L. Tolstoy. - Moscow: Federation, [1928] (International 39th type. "Mospoligraph").
• “The Key Quartet” in the novel “War and Peace” (1933) The article was written together with I.V. Ilyinsky with the notes “Key” (“Together with you” - for three voices from the melody of I. V Ilyinsky).
• Tolstoy remembered by his son Sergei Tolstoy [Text] / Transl. by Moura Budberg. - London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1961 .-- 234 p.
• Essays of the past. A series of literary memoirs. - 2nd ed. - M.: Fiction, 1956. - 400 p. (first ed. - 1949). - a book of memoirs of Sergei Lvovich. He was one of the people closest to L.N. and was with him until the very end - he looked after the dying writer in the small house of the head of the station Astapovo . The recollections in detail, with the authenticity of an eyewitness and a participant, narrate about the life of Leo Tolstoy, about his friends and relatives.
• Sergej Tolstoy and the Doukhobors: A Journey to Canada (Diary and Correspondence) / Trans. J. Woodsworth; Ed. by A. Donskov // Slavic and East European Journal. - 2001. - Vol. 45, pt. 1. - (British Library Serials). - ISSN 0037-6752

Links

• S. L. Tolstoy on Tolstoy.ru
• Tolstoy, Sergey Lvovich at the Rodovod . Tree of ancestors and descendants