Uralvagonzavod

The plant was designed by three thousand Soviet engineers under the direction of A.V. Ivankova, who studied wagon production in America. The principle of straightforwardness was taken as the basis: according to the laws of the conveyor, housings are located, in each of them there are several workshops united by the technological process. This was one of the first projects of a large machine-building enterprise with in-line production, performed by Soviet engineers without the participation of foreign specialists.

The first workers arrived in 1931. Due to everyday disorder, cold weather, and diseases, in the early years of construction, people left, left, fled from Uralvagonstroy. In the years 1931-1934. the team of workers changed several times annually. There were two more or less permanent groups. These are about 5,000 communists and Komsomol members who arrived at different times on the vouchers of their organizations. On January 26, 1932, by decision of the People's Commissariat of Industry of the USSR, members of the international commune Cement came to work in Nizhny Tagil. The community "Cement" consisted of Finns, Germans, Czechs, Poles, Americans. They led teams of roofers, plasterers, and trained builders on progressive labor methods.

Also specially for use on Uralvagonstroi at the end of 1932, a correctional labor colony was transferred from the city of Chusovoy and placed in the village of Krasny Bor. By mid-1933, the number of “contingent” ITC reached 4,000 people. In 1936, Uralvagonstroy freed itself from the use of prison labor.

On March 2, 1936, the plant was given the name "Ural Car-Building Plant named after F. E. Dzerzhinsky." Initially, it produced heavy railway cars - the first car was released on October 11, 1936.

In 1941, the plant was stopped by the conveyor every now and then because of systematic interruptions with wood and metal, process violations that led to the skewing of the carriage frame even at the stage of its assembly ^[2] .

In August 1941, by decision of the State Defense Committee, the Ural Tank Plant No. 183 named after Uralvagonzavod and 11 evacuated enterprises was established Comintern. At the end of 1941, eleven enterprises were evacuated here from the western part of the USSR , including a group of scientists from the Bauman Moscow Higher Technical School, the Ignatiev State Union Laboratory of Cutting Tools and Electric Welding, the Ordzhonikidze Moscow Machine-Tool Plant, the Ilyich Mariupol Armor Plant, and Kharkov Machine-Building Plant No. 183 (it was also the Kharkov Locomotive Plant until 1939 ) , the Bezhitsky Steel Plant . One after another, the Ural Car-Building Plant curtailed production: the carriage, experimental workshop, freeing up areas for the creation of the new Ural Tank Plant on the basis of the enterprises evacuated to Nizhny Tagil. The basis of its production was Kharkov Tank Plant No. 183 named after Komintern. The director of plant No. 183, Maksarev Yuri Evgenievich, arrived in Nizhny Tagil. By order of the plant dated November 14, 1941, a plant management organization scheme was approved.

The USSR People's Commissariat for Tank Industry approved a program for the production of T-34 tanks, which was accepted for steady execution by Plant No. 183 at Uralvagonzavod, as evidenced by Order of the Director of the Plant No. 1107 of October 17, 1941, which established the terms and standards, namely, in November it was planned release of 155 cars.

Until the end of the war, Uralvagonzavod produced 25,266 legendary T-34s ^[3] . Every second T-34 tank that took part in the hostilities came off the assembly line of this plant ^[4] . In addition, the plant produced armored hulls for IL-2 aircraft , air bombs (types of FAB, ZAB, KhAB), and artillery fronts .

The Ural Tank Plant in 1943 played an exceptional role in the creation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. Of the more than 200 tanks necessary for manning the corps, he produced 145. In the spring of 1943, 185 factory workers left the volunteers for the front. In total, more than six thousand workers fought on the battlefields of World War II, of which 3111 people gave their lives for their homeland.

On May 26, 1945, the plant was renamed the Ural Carriage Works named after I.V. Stalin. "

In the post-war period, the plant again focused on the production of wagons, but quickly expanded its activities and began to fulfill orders of a military, agricultural, construction and aerospace nature. March 19, 1946 began the production of heavy platforms. In 1947, the plant began production of open wagons , in 1948 - covered wagons. The experience of conveyor production of tanks, the latest technologies, equipment were used during the restoration of the car production at Uralvagonzavod.

In 1952, Uralvagonzavod was given the task of producing railway tanks for transporting liquid oxygen . In the early 60s, the Design Bureau of Cryogenic Engineering Uralvagonzavod, together with scientists from the All-Russian Research Institute of Cryogenic Engineering, developed isothermal tanks based on vacuum-powder insulation. On this basis, at Uralvagonzavod for the 50–80s of the 20th century, dozens of modifications of isothermal railway and stationary tanks were developed, which are widely used in various industries.

In the 50s and 60s, the factory created and produced T-54 , T-55 , T-62 tanks and their modifications.

On September 12, 1963, the plant was renamed, again becoming the “Ural Carriage Building Plant named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky. "

At the Uralvagonzavod, a T-72 tank of the third generation was developed and has been manufactured since 1974 - one of the best tanks of the second half of the 20th century, which is now in service in the armies of several dozen countries of the world.

In 1974, the last wagon with wood paneling rolled off the assembly line.

Since April 12, 1984, the plant is called Uralvagonzavod.

On August 28, 2007, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree on the transformation of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Uralvagonzavod into OAO NPK Uralvagonzavod. According to the press service of the president, the decision was made in order to "preserve and develop the scientific and production potential in creating promising complexes of armored and artillery weapons, rationalize defense production and increase the competitiveness of manufactured products ." The government is tasked to complete the creation of the corporation in a year.

On September 20, 2007, a contract was signed with Russian Railways for the supply of 40 thousand freight cars worth 68 billion rubles. for three years (until 2010), which covers more than 70% of the company's needs ^[5] .

By the beginning of 2009, the contract with Russian Railways was practically completed, while the company was faced with a tight pricing policy of Russian Railways, the lack of new orders and was on the verge of default ^[6] . The debt of Uralvagonzavod amounted to 66 billion rubles ^[7] , every day the company spent more than 30 million rubles to service debt obligations ^[8] . The owner has completely updated the management of Uralvagonzavod. The corporation was also provided with large-scale financial assistance. In September 2009, the government allocated Uralvagonzavod 4.4 billion rubles to increase its authorized capital ^[9] . In December 2009, it was decided to increase the authorized capital by another 10 billion rubles ^[10] . In 2010, the corporation was able to prematurely return guarantees to the state in the amount of 10 billion rubles. ^[eleven]

By the end of 2009, Uralvagonzavod had completely formed a package of orders for 2010-2012 ^[12] . In addition to Russian Railways, Transneft, in particular, became the customer, along with which Uralvagonzavod founded the joint venture Vostokneftetranszadacha, engaged in the transportation of petroleum products from the oil terminal in Skovorodino to the drainage rack of the Kozmino special oil and gas pipeline. For this enterprise, Uralvagonzavod should supply 8.5 thousand tanks ^[13] .

The opening of the southern span of the paint shop of JSC Uralvagonzavod Scientific Industrial Corporation, which took place on June 9, was included in the top list of events in 2010 according to the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation ^[14] .

In 2010, the corporation created the Corporate Governance Center (CCU), the main function of which is to manage enterprises within the integrated structure of OJSC Uralvagonzavod Scientific Industrial Corporation, as well as all other subsidiaries and affiliates.

In 2011, the corporation set a production record - the annual plan for the production of 24 thousand units of rolling stock was completed ahead of schedule ^[15] . In 2011, the corporation released 25,500 units of rolling stock, setting an absolute world record ^[16] .

Also in 2011, the corporation released its millionth wagon ^[17] . Now every third wagon on the country's railways is produced by Uralvagonzavod ^[18] .

In December 2011, the plant’s work team took part in a direct line with Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, where the assembly shop director Igor Kholmansky proposed to leave with the men and defend their stability, but, of course, within the framework of the law from protesters against election fraud in the State Duma ^[19] .

In 2012, two world records were set at UVZ — 28,000 wagons and 120,000 wagon axles were produced per year ^[20] .

In 2012, revenue from the implementation of works and services on UVZ consolidated reporting exceeded 125 billion rubles, and taking into account other affiliated companies, the corporation exceeded 200 billion rubles ^[21] .

In 2013, the corporation produced 20,500 wagons. In 2014, it is planned to produce and sell about 22,000 freight cars of all types ^[22]

On July 17, 2014, the U.S. Treasury Department announced the introduction of additional sanctions against the Russian Federation in connection with the situation around Ukraine. The Uralvagonzavod is included in the sanctions list ^[23] .

The financial crisis also negatively impacted the operation of the enterprise - as of April 2015, more than 5 thousand employees were on forced leave ^[24] . In the summer, they all returned to their jobs ^[25] .

On May 8, 2015, Alfa Bank announced its intention to file a lawsuit with the bankruptcy of the enterprise ^[26] . The lawsuit ended in October 2016 with a settlement ^[27] .

On June 10, 2016, Alfa-Bank again filed a lawsuit in the Sverdlovsk Oblast Arbitration Court to declare the organization bankrupt due to an outstanding debt of 7.3 billion rubles. ^{[28] [29] [30]} , in March 2017, the debt was repaid at the expense of Gazprombank (at least 30% of the shares as of 2018 are controlled by the state) under state guarantees of payment. ^{[30] [31]}

December 27, 2016, Vladimir Putin signed a decree on the transfer of the state corporation Rostec , the government was instructed to carry out the event in 18 months. In Rostec, they planned to make an armored holding on the basis of UVZ and the Kurganmashzavod ^[32]

Mergers and Acquisitions

In 2010, the corporation acquired a controlling stake in the French factory Sambre et Meuse, which will supply UVZ cast parts for bogies, side frames and other components for wagons ^[33] .

Directors

• Maryasin Lazar Mironovich (1933-1936) - head of Uralvagonstroy
• Pavlotsky Grigory Zinovievich (1935-1938)
• Razdobarkin Maxim Nikitovich (1938-1939)
• Aleksandrov Georgy Grigoryevich (October 1939 - September 1941)
• Maksarev Yuri Evgenievich (1941-1946)
• Skachkov Semyon Andreevich (1946-1949)
• Okunev Ivan Vasilievich (1949-1969)
• Krutyakov Ivan Fedorovich (1969-1979)
• Sychev Vladimir Vasilievich (1979-1981)
• Sotnikov Veniamin Konstantinovich (1981-1989)
• Seryakov Vladimir Sergeevich (1989-1997)
• Malykh Nikolai Alexandrovich (1997-2009)
• Sienko Oleg Viktorovich (2009—2017)
• Potapov Alexander Valerievich (since 2017)

Until the end of the USSR, Uralvagonzavod was the largest tank-building enterprise on the planet, with more than 40 thousand employees (while being the largest employer in this industrial region). ^{[36] [37]} On April 27, 1990, Uralvagonzavod was visited by President of the USSR M. S. Gorbachev , who discussed with the enterprise management the prospects for the conversion of defense production with a transition to the production of non-military products. From this moment, the company has a diversified product line in addition to military equipment itself.

Today, Uralvagonzavod produces freight cars, tanks and battle tanks T-90 and T-14 , playing an important role in Russian exports to the international arms market . In 2010, he returned to the list of the hundred largest world arms manufacturers (from which he temporarily dropped out after Russia gained independence ), compiled annually by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), and took 90th place ^[38] . In 2011, he again entered the SIPRI list, rising to 86 place ^[39] .

International cooperation

В рамках договора о военно-техническом сотрудничестве между РФ и Индией специалисты «Уралвагонзавода» подготовили производственно-техническую документацию и предоставили лицензию на производство ряда моделей бронетехники для Фабрики тяжёлого машиностроения в близ Ченнаи , туда же была направлена документация для организации производства систем связи и управления огнём, смотровых приборов и оптико-электронных устройств. Кроме того, «Уралвагонзавод» обязался подготовить кадр индийских технологов производства и инженерно-технических работников в количестве 40 специалистов для организации производства танков советского и российского образца в Индии ^[40] .

2016 год. Министерство обороны Индии намерено дополнительно закупить в течение трёх-четырёх лет 464 танка Т-90МС производства «Уралвагонзавода». Условия сделки должны быть объявлены в ближайшее время. Такую информацию обнародовало издание Daily Mail , ссылаясь на высокопоставленный источник в индийском военном ведомстве, что является достаточно крупным контрактом для корпорации.

Performance Indicators

В 2007 году выручка ОАО «Научно-производственная корпорация „Уралвагонзавод“» составила 39,59 млрд руб. (в 2006 году — 30,1 млрд руб.), чистая прибыль — 108 млн руб. ^{[41] [42]} .

В 2009 году выручка компании составила 36,3 млрд руб., чистый убыток — 7,2 млрд руб. ^[43]

Консолидированная чистая прибыль в 2010 году составила более 10 млрд руб., общая выручка превысила 100 млрд руб. ^[44] В первой декаде 2010 года удельный вес продукции гражданского назначения ОАО «Научно-производственная корпорация „Уралвагонзавод“» составил 46,9 % гражданской продукции отрасли. За январь-апрель 2010 г. завод произвел 3825 полувагонов и 1660 железнодорожных цистерн ^[45] .

Чистая прибыль «Уралвагонзавода» по итогам 2011 года составила 8,7 млрд руб., что в полтора раза выше аналогичного показателя 2010 года. Почти на четверть увеличилась выручка от реализации продукции — 67,8 млрд руб. Наибольшую долю в структуре выручки заняла продукция вагоностроения — только от реализации полувагонов получено более 58 % от общей суммы ^[46] . В целом в производстве железнодорожной техники в 2011 году был досрочно выполнен годовой производственный план и достигнут максимальный объём за всю историю завода — выпущено 26 000 единиц подвижного состава. По сравнению с 2010 годом рост составил более 40 % ^[47] .

По РСБУ за 2014 г. чистый убыток «Уралвагонзавода» составил 4,8 млрд руб. после прибыли в 443,8 млн руб. годом ранее. Выручка компании за отчетный период выросла на 7,4 % до 74,1 млрд руб., валовая прибыль увеличилась на 28,8 % до 12,9 млрд руб. В конце 2014 г. УВЗ прогнозировал по итогам года чистую прибыль в размере 663 млн руб., выручку — на уровне 135,1 млрд руб. Краткосрочные обязательства УВЗ на 31 декабря 2014 г. составляли 66,2 млрд руб. (+26,8 % к 2013 г.), долгосрочные обязательства выросли в 3,1 раза до 47,3 млрд руб. В свою очередь правительство РФ согласилось выдать УВЗ госгарантии пока только на 7 млрд руб ^[48] .

В 2016 году "Уралвагонзавод" увеличил экспорт военной техники на 35 млрд.руб., чем улучшил операционные показатели. Так, чистый денежный поток от операционной деятельности составил 22,7 млрд. руб. Тем не менее, предприятие сохраняет высокий уровень долговой нагрузки. Коэффициент финансового левериджа равен 5,6% при норме в 1-2%. Расходы по обслуживанию долга не позволяют предприятию показать чистую прибыль. Убыток за 2016 год составил 4,5 млрд. руб. ^[49]

Продукция специального назначения

• Боевая машина пехоты Т-15 ;
• Боевая машина огневой поддержки «Терминатор» ;
• Боевая машина огневой поддержки «Терминатор-2» ;
• Боевая машина разминирования БМР-3М ;
• Боевая ремонтно-эвакуационная машина БРЭМ-1 , БРЭМ-1М;
• Танк «Армата» Т-14 ;
• Танк Т-90 , экспортный вариант Т-90С;
• Модернизированный танк Т-72 ;
• Инженерная машина разграждения ИМР-3М ;
• Танковый мостоукладчик МТУ-72 ;
• Танковый бульдозер-снегоочиститель ТБС-86 .

Изделия подвижного состава

Продукция гражданского назначения

• Мобильная буровая установка для ремонта и освоения скважин МБР-125
• Мобильная буровая установка для ремонта и освоения скважин МБР-160
• Погрузчик малогабаритный с бортовым поворотом ПмК-6,02
• Тяговый модуль вагонов ТМВ-2

На «Уралвагонзаводе» в настоящий момент проводится масштабная программа по модернизации и оптимизации производства, направленная, в том числе, на улучшение качества литья. Завод осваивает производство новых видов продукции, например, мобильных буровых установок ^[50] . Разрабатывается программа по утилизации железнодорожных вагонов ^[51] , проводится работа по реструктуризации задолженностей ^[52] .

Кроме того, «Уралвагонзавод» намерен построить в Нижнем Тагиле новый завод по производству грузовых вагонов мощностью 30 тыс. единиц в год.

В начале 2012 года сообщалось, что корпорация завершает due diligence по приобретению Казахстанской вагоностроительной компании, которая будет выпускать подвижной состав для казахстанских железных дорог ^[18] .

На выставке «Иннопром-2014» был представлен инновационный низкопольный трамвай модели 71-410 ^[53] .

В рамках сотрудничества с Министерством обороны РФ готовится производство 261 нового танка Т-90, которые отправятся в первую очередь в Северо-Кавказский военный округ РФ ^[9] ; проводится модернизация существующего парка танков Т-72.

Корпорация занимается разработкой платформы для тяжелой бронетехники «Армата». В 2015 году должно начаться серийное производство танков нового поколения на этой платформе ^[54] .

Также идут переговоры с зарубежными партнерами, в частности, с Монголией ^[55] и Казахстаном ^[56] .

В 2018 году будет изготовлено около 17 тыс. изделий подвижного состава разной номенклатуры, и эти цифры планируется сохранить, как минимум, в следующие два года. ^[57]

• Орден Ленина (26 марта 1935 и 31 декабря 1970)
• Орден Октябрьской революции (15 сентября 1976)
• Орден Красного Знамени (10 февраля 1943)
• Орден Трудового Красного Знамени (16 июня 1942)
• Орден Отечественной войны I степени (10 июня 1946)
• Орден Святого благоверного князя Даниила Московского III степени (2006)
• Орден Святого благоверного князя Дмитрия Донского II степени (2005)
• Грамота Верховного главнокомандующего Вооружёнными силами Российской Федерации (10 октября 2016) — за заслуги в укреплении обороноспособности государства, разработке и создании современных образцов вооружения и военной техники ^[58] .

В 2011 году УВЗ победил в двух номинациях ежегодной межрегиональной премии «Итоги года Урала и Сибири-2011» ^[59] .

• «Железный поток. Битва заводов» — документальный фильм 2015 г. режиссера О. Витвицкого на телеканале « Россия-Культура ».
• Factory official website
• ЗАО УБТ-Уралвагонзавод