State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus

December 20, 1917 - the formation of the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage (Cheka) (chapter - F. E. Dzerzhinsky ).

March 1, 1922 - the GPU ^[2] is formed under the Central Executive Committee of the BSSR (GPU BSSR) (chapter - J. K. Olsky).

July 15, 1934 - the creation of the NKVD of the BSSR, headed by L. M. Zakovsky

In the pre-war period, the period of World War II and the post-war years, there were numerous reorganizations of the state security organs of the BSSR in accordance with the structure of the state security organs of the USSR (NKGB - NKVD - MGB - MIA).

In March 1954 , during the reform of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, the State Security Committee ( KGB ) was formed under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, and on May 19, 1954, the KGB was formed under the Council of Ministers of the BSSR, headed by A. I. Perepelitsyn.

In December 1978 - the formation of an independent KGB of the USSR and the creation of the KGB of the BSSR, respectively.

On August 25, 1991, the Supreme Council of the BSSR adopted a decision on giving the Declaration on State Sovereignty the status of a constitutional law.

On September 19, 1991, the Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic (BSSR) was renamed the Republic of Belarus .

In September 1991 , the KGB of the BSSR was renamed the KGB of the Republic of Belarus. The formation of a national state security body of a new independent state has begun. Its main tasks are formulated - protecting the constitutional system and state sovereignty of the Belarusian state, its economic and political interests.

The Law of the Republic of Belarus of October 23, 1991 N 1187-XII "On Changes in the System of Government of the Republic of Belarus" The State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus is subordinate to the Supreme Council of the Republic of Belarus.

In order to ensure the security of the Republic of Belarus, on January 15, 1992, Resolution of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Belarus N 1413-XII “On the Provisional Regulation on the State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus” was adopted; on December 3, 1997, the Law of the Republic of Belarus N 102-З was adopted (as amended on July 21. 2008) "On State Security Bodies of the Republic of Belarus".

The KGB RB has departments: counterintelligence , intelligence , military counterintelligence , electronic intelligence , to combat organized crime and other strategic areas.

Former presidential candidate of Belarus Ales Mikhalevich , who sought political asylum in the Czech Republic, in early 2011 accused the KGB of torture ^{[3] [4]} . Later, similar information came from other detainees on December 19, 2010, who were released. Those detained during silent protests in the summer of 2011 also spoke about the use of torture ^[5] . Lawyers of the UN Committee against Torture, where Mikhalevich intended to file an application, said that in order to file an application, one must first be refused in all judicial instances of his country ^[6] . A number of appeals were prepared to the Belarusian military prosecutor’s office and an investigation was launched, in the framework of which, in particular, Anatoly Lebedko testified ^[7] .

Since 2006, the Vesna Human Rights Center has received complaints about an attempt by the KGB of Belarus to recruit or blackmail activists of non-governmental youth organizations ^[8] .

There are assumptions (unconfirmed due to the complete closeness of the organization) regarding the activities of the KGB to discredit the diplomatic missions of foreign states and their governments. After the 2010 presidential election, information from the “leaks” was allegedly disseminated in Belarusian state-owned media, allegedly through WikiLeaks, which may have been fabricated by the KGB ^{[9] [10]} . There is also a version that the KGB of Belarus is behind the anonymous bullying of the Hungarian ambassador to Belarus Ferenc Contra ^[11] .

Since 1994, the KGB of Belarus has been systematically working to suppress the activities of Nazi groups. On August 26, 2013, KGB officers of the Republic of Belarus detained the Director General of OJSC Uralkali Vladislav Baumgertner. He was charged under Part 3 of Art. 33 and h. 2 Article 201 (Organization of crime, abuse of authority, entailing grave consequences). As a result, Baumgertner was handed over to Russia, and the case was dismissed. ^[12]

The aim of the activities of the State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus is: to ensure, within the competence of state policy in the field of ensuring national security of the Republic of Belarus, to regulate and manage in the field of ensuring the safety of individuals, society and the state within its powers and to coordinate the activities of other republican state bodies in this area management, as well as directly the implementation of the main activities and tasks of the organization s national security ^[13]

.

The main tasks of the KGB of the Republic of Belarus:

• protecting the independence and territorial integrity of the Republic of Belarus, ensuring the national security of the Republic of Belarus in the political, economic, military-strategic, scientific-technical, informational, humanitarian and environmental spheres
• informing the President of the Republic of Belarus and on his behalf of the relevant state bodies and other organizations on the state of national security of the Republic of Belarus
• development and implementation of measures to assist state bodies and other organizations in the implementation of measures for political, socio-economic development and scientific and technological progress of the Republic of Belarus
• organization and implementation of foreign intelligence within its competence
• prevention, detection and suppression of intelligence and other activities of special services and organizations of foreign states, as well as individuals, aimed at causing harm to the national security of the Republic of Belarus
• struggle within its competence with terrorist and other extremist activities, organized crime and corruption, smuggling, illegal migration, illegal trafficking of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors, weapons, nuclear materials and their components, as well as other objects of export control
• prevention, detection, suppression of crimes, inquiry and preliminary investigation into which by the legislative acts of the Republic of Belarus are assigned to the jurisdiction of state security bodies
• implementation of powers provided for by the legislation of the Republic of Belarus in the field of protection of state secrets
• providing government bodies and other organizations with government and operational communications, as well as organizing and ensuring the cryptographic and engineering security of encrypted, secret and encrypted communications in the Republic of Belarus and organizations of the Republic of Belarus outside its borders, exercising state control over this activity ^[14]

Control over the activities of state security bodies is carried out:

• President of the Republic of Belarus
• The Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus , within the powers delegated to it by the President of the Republic of Belarus

Supervision of accurate and uniform compliance by state security bodies with laws and other acts of the legislation of the Republic of Belarus is ensured by:

• Attorney General of the Republic of Belarus
• Prosecutors subordinate to the Prosecutor General, within their competence ^[15]

KGB Chairmen of the Republic of Belarus

First Deputy Chairmen of the KGB of the Republic of Belarus

KGB Deputy Chairmen of the Republic of Belarus

Heads of Regional Directorates of the KGB of the Republic of Belarus

in the Brest region

in the Vitebsk region

in the Gomel region

in the Grodno region

in the city of Minsk and the Minsk region

in the Mogilev region

There is an urban legend according to which L.F. Tsanava ordered the architect who designed the building of the MGB to make a turret (violating the architectural ensemble of the main avenue of Minsk). She served as an office for Tsanava and allowed her to follow the training of football players at Dynamo Stadium ^[16] .

• List of heads of state security services of the BSSR and Belarus

• Official site