Hypertrichosis ( lat.hypertrichosis from other Greek. Ὑπερ- - excessively + θρίξ , genus τριχός - hair + -osis; blue. Hairiness) - a disease manifested in excessive hair growth that is not characteristic of this area of the skin that does not correspond gender and / or age .
| Hypertrichosis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| ICD-10 | L 68. |
| ICD-10-KM | , and |
| ICD-9 | 704.1 |
| Omim | 135400 |
| Diseasesdb | 20886 |
| Medlineplus | 003148 |
| eMedicine | article / 1072031 |
| Mesh | D006983 |
Clinically distinguish between congenital (general and limited) and acquired forms of hypertrichosis.
Mostly a disease of men, since its inheritance is linked to the sex on the X chromosome. The Y chromosome is inert, i.e. does not carry genes that are inherited, with it can not carry the disease. In boys, they appear much more often as a result of the presence of the 1 X chromosome, while girls have the opportunity to replace the affected gene during crossing over with the 2nd X chromosome.
Content
Classification
There are congenital fuzzy, congenital limited, lumbosacral hypertrichosis with spinal dystrophy , nevoid, acquired fuzzy, symptomatic (after a head injury, with a number of syndromes, with epidermolysis bullosa , anorexia nervosa , malnutrition, dermatomyositis , pretibial myxedema and. with congenital malformations syndrome (fetal alcohol syndrome , etc.), iatrogenic hypertrichosis, acquired limited hypertrichosis.
Etiology
The most common cause of acquired hypertrichosis is impaired secretory function of some glands ( ovaries , adrenal glands , pituitary gland ), polycystic ovaries , hormonal changes during pregnancy and menopause ; long-term use of hormonal drugs ( corticosteroids and androgens ). Sometimes excessive hair growth is associated with pathologies of the thyroid gland ( Bazedova disease ) and pineal gland .
The cause of various forms of acquired hypertrichosis can also be a disease of the nervous system (brain tumor, damage to nerve trunks, stress and severe psycho-emotional experiences, epilepsy ), infectious diseases (especially with long-term treatment with streptomycin ), metabolic disorders, breast cancer .
Excessive hair growth is often observed in places of prolonged exposure to factors that increase blood supply to the skin, which traumatize and irritate the skin - some external agents (psoriasin, antipsoriaticum, mustard plasters, corticosteroid ointments, etc.), local thermal procedures (hot baths, compresses, ozokeritosis and paraffin ), a physical effect on the scalp and skin (shaving, depilation systematic, cryotherapy, massage, irritation caused by a plaster bandage), as a consequence of chronic x skin inflammations.
Clinical picture
With hypertrichosis in women, hair growth in the chin, nasolabial folds, axillary hollows, on the chest, limbs, and external genitalia is enhanced; the pubic hair growth area expands in the male type. Local hypertrichosis includes hypertrichosis in the sternum - prothoracic (presternal) hypertrichosis, which can be one of the symptoms of neurofibromatosis and is often combined with a pressed sternum. Local lumbar hypertrichosis may be accompanied by spinal dysraphia (non-closure of the spinal column). In this case, in the affected area there is a bundle of long soft silky hair.
The disease is accompanied by neurological symptoms (leg weakness, loss of sensation, sphincter insufficiency), which can be eliminated by surgical intervention. On the face, excessive hair growth can capture eyebrows (fused eyebrows), often observed in several members of the same family.
Local hypertrichosis includes congenital malformations - hair birthmarks ( nevi ). They can be covered with cannon bleached or dark-colored hair. A giant pigmented nevus (Becker melanosis) is described - a peculiar symmetrical skin lesion in which pigmentation in the area of the birthmark develops in adulthood. The coloration of such a nevus is rich brown; marked hypertrichosis is noted only in the pigmentation zone. Hairy nevi can be accompanied by various congenital pathologies.
Treatment
Treatment is effective if it is possible to identify and eliminate the root cause of abnormal hair growth. In case of violation of the functions of the endocrine glands, treatment by an endocrinologist is indicated. They also examine the neuropsychiatric status, identify functional disorders of the endocrine system as possible causes of hypertrichosis. If possible, stop local procedures and other effects that stimulate enhanced hair growth.
Congenital hypertrichosis is not treated.
With limited hypertrichosis, physiotherapeutic methods are used (hair is removed using electrolysis ), various depilatory procedures are also used to remove hair (the effect is short-lived, the hair after application of depilatory compounds can grow more intensively; often, as a side effect of their use, dermatitis is present). If the hair is shaved with a safe or electric razor, there are no side effects. Hair is bleached using products containing a solution of hydrogen peroxide .
Famous Persons with Hypertrichosis
- St. Christopher is the Christian patron of bachelors, travelers and epileptics;
- Aceves, Jesus - Mexican actor
- Stefan Bibrovsky - German actor, known by the nickname "Lion Man"
- Gonsalvus family is the first known case of hypertrichosis
- Fedor Adrianovich Evtikhiev - Russian showman
- Annie Jones - American Showman
- Julia Pastrana - a bearded woman from Mexico
- Sazufan Supatra - a girl with facial hair [1]
See also
- Hirsutism .
- SRD5A1 , SRD5A2 - associated genes.
Notes
- ↑ 11-Year-Old 'Delighted' After Being Named World's Hairiest Girl . Fox News (February 28, 2011). Date of treatment March 7, 2011.
Links
- Hypertrichosis - excessive hair growth . KALITVA.RU. Date of treatment July 22, 2013.
- Hairiness // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Hairiness // Brief Encyclopedia of Household. - M .: State Scientific Publishing House "Great Soviet Encyclopedia", 1959.
- http://vocabulary.ru/dictionary/977/word/gipertrihoz