Noah Abramovich Trotsky ( March 27, 1895 , St. Petersburg [on the photograph of the monument on the grave: 1894-1940], - November 19, 1940 , Leningrad ) - Soviet architect .
| Noah Abramovich Trotsky | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Basic information | |
| A country |  Russian empire  the USSR |
| Date of Birth | March 27, 1895 |
| Place of Birth | Saint Petersburg Russian empire |
| Date of death | November 19, 1940 (aged 45) |
| Place of death | Leningrad , USSR |
| Work and Achievements | |
| Worked in the cities | Leningrad , Kuibyshev and other cities |
| Architectural style | Constructivism , post-constructivism , Stalin's empire , neoclassicism |
Content
Biography
Born in a Jewish family [1] typewriter typography. He graduated from the Academy of Arts ( 1921 ) [2] and the 2nd Polytechnic Institute ( 1921 ). The graduation work at the Academy of Arts (the project of an indoor stadium for 15,000 seats) was carried out under the guidance of A. E. Belogrud . He also studied at the Free workshops (graduated in 1920 ), with I. A. Fomin . In 1919 , together with L. M. Tversky, he received the third prize in the competition for the crematorium project in Petrograd. In 1920 , together with the same co-author, I received first prizes in competitions: for the planning of the Putilovsky district of Petrograd, for the complex of the first regional terms on the Cotton Island in Petrograd. In the same year, Trotsky’s project under the motto "Ion" received the second prize in a competition for shower pavilion buildings in Petrograd. [2] Participated in the competition 1922 - 1923 at the Palace of Labor in Moscow . He received the first prize as the most striking example of archaic romance. The composition of the plan is based on a large auditorium, to which are adjacent small halls and service rooms. The grandiose volume of the hall is emphasized by the absides in which the stairs are located. He taught at the Academy of Fine Arts (since 1929 , professor since 1939 ) and at the Leningrad Institute of Civil Engineering .
He built (often together with other architects) in Leningrad public and industrial buildings, residential buildings in the spirit of constructivism ; the building of the 2nd hydroelectric station ( 1923 ), Vasileostrovsky Palace of Culture. S. M. Kirov ( 1931 - 1937 ), the building of the Kirov District Council ( 1930 - 1935 ) with a monument to S. M. Kirov on Kirov Square ( 1938 , sculptor N.V. Tomsky ), Meat Processing Plant named after S. M. Kirova ( 1930 - 1935 ), the building of the NKVD on Liteiny Prospect , 4 ( 1931 - 1935 , together with A. I. Gegello and A. A. Olym ; known as the " Big House ") and others.
For many of Trotsky’s buildings of the 30s. the use of neoclassical in spirit, monumental order compositions is typical: residential buildings on Moskovsky Prospect and Stachek Avenue ( 1932 - 1940 ), school No. 199 on pl. Arts ( 1937 ). In 1935, the workshop under the guidance of Noah Abramovich Trotsky developed a standard project for a school for 880 students, 16 schools were built under this project in Leningrad. [2] March 13, 1936 at the plenum of the Leningrad City Council , it was decided to build the building of the House of Soviets . The site was selected in the depths of the area formed by the intersection of Moskovsky Prospekt with the Southern Arc Highway. The closed competition was attended by 11 architects. The project of N. A. Trotsky was adopted as the basis for further development.
The Leningrad " House of Soviets ", the largest public building in the country at that time, was built in 1941 (the co-authors of the master were M. A. Shepilevsky and Y. N. Lukin).
Noah Trotsky built in other cities. So, in collaboration with ND Katsenelenbogen he created the building of the Opera and Ballet Theater in Samara ( 1936 - 1938 ).
He died on November 19, 1940 in Leningrad . He was buried on Literary bridges .
Literature
- Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- St. Petersburg. Petrograd. Leningrad, Encyclopedic Handbook, TSB, 1992.
- Suzdaleva T.E. N.A. Trotsky. L .: Lenizdat, 1991. - 188 s (Series: Architects of our city ). - ISBN 5-289-00813-6 .
Notes
- ↑ Directory of L.Polyakova Russian Jews, New York, 2010
- ↑ 1 2 3 Architect Noah Abramovich Trotsky. 1895-1940. Graphics and documents from the collection of the State Museum of the History of St. Petersburg: Catalog .. - SPb: GMISPb, 2005. - 108 p. - ISBN 5-902671-14-0 .