Wilhelm Rudolf Kutter ( German: Wilhelm Rudolf Kutter ; August 23, 1818 , Ravensburg , Württemberg - May 6, 1888 , Bern , Switzerland ) - Swiss engineer .
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At the age of 37, he was the secretary of the construction department in the canton of Bern ; he worked with Gangill to develop the exact formula for the speed of water in various channels, which was used in water structures. He also worked on practical issues, for example, on the regulation of Jurassic waters. Together with Gangillier he compiled: "Versuch zur Aufstellung einer neuen allgemeinen Formel für die gleichförmige Bewegung des Wassers in Kanälen und Flüssen" (Bern, 1877 ). In addition to many articles scattered in special journals, he published Die Dieuuen Formeln für die Bewegung des Wassers in Kanälen und regelmässigen Flusstecken (2nd ed., V., 1877 ).
Together with Emil Gangier, he developed an empirical formula that allows calculating the speed of water in a canal taking into account flow resistance. The average speed v is expressed in terms of the hydraulic radius R , the slope S, and the coefficient c .
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where from when the fall height h and the length L of a separate section of the river and with empirical constants a , l, and m, and a coefficient n depending on the roughness of the channel.
For metric calculations, the constants have the following values: a = 23, l = 1.00 and m = 0.0155.
The coefficient n takes values from 0.010 (for channels with smooth walls) to 0.030 (for channels with coarse sediments and aquatic vegetation).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 102794626 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
Literature
- Kutter, Wilhelm // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.