Edward Walter Maunder ( Eng. Edward Walter Maunder ; April 12, 1851 - March 21, 1928 ) - an English astronomer, gained fame for his work on the study of solar activity. The period of long-term decrease in the number of sunspots discovered by him was called the Minimum of the Maunder .
| Edward Walter Munder | |
|---|---|
| Edward walter maunder | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | April 12, 1851 |
| Place of Birth | London |
| Date of death | March 21, 1928 (aged 76) |
| Place of death | |
| A country | Great Britain |
| Scientific field | astronomy |
| Alma mater | King's College London |
Content
Biography
Edward Munder was born in 1851 in London . He studied at Royal College London , worked at a bank to pay for his studies. Since 1873 he was engaged in spectroscopic observations at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich , as well as photographing sunspots. In the course of many years of observation, he revealed that the breadth of the appearance of spots on the solar disk changes during the 11-year cycle. In 1904, he published the data in the form of a diagram (the so-called Butterflies of Mounder ). Studying archival data, I found that from about 1645 to 1715, spots on the Sun appeared extremely rarely. Despite the imperfection of telescopes of that time, observations of the Sun were carried out, and the appearance of each spot was recorded. This period is called the Minimum Maunder . It is interesting that its time almost coincides with the middle phase of the so-called Small Ice Age , during which a relative cooling was observed. However, the relationship between these two events has not been fully clarified.
Munder also observed comets , nebulae and planets , including Mars . Unlike many other astronomers, he held the view that Martian channels are an optical illusion, and not artificial structures of Martians. In 1903, he performed a convincing experiment, during which subjects were shown images with a random set of spots, instead of which many of them saw “channels”.
Mounder was married twice: since 1875 - to Edith Hannah Bustin ( Edith Hannah Bustin ), with whom he had five children, and from 1890 - to the mathematician Annie Scott Dill Russell (Annie Scott Dill Russell). He collaborated with her until the end of his life, in 1909 their joint book, The Heavens and their Story, was published.
Memory
In 1970, the International Astronomical Union named Edward Mounder (along with Annie Scott Munder) a crater on the far side of the moon .
Bibliography
- E. Walter Maunder FRAS: The Royal Observatory, Greenwich: A Glance at its History and Work , (1900)
- E. Maunder: Astronomy without a Telescope , (1902)
- EW Maunder: Note on the distribution of sun-spots in heliographic latitude, 1874-1902 , Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 64, (1904) p. 747-761
- E. Maunder: Astronomy of the Bible: An Elementary Commentary on the Astronomical References in the Holy Scripture , (1908)
- A. and E. Maunder: The Heavens and their Story , (1909)
- E. Maunder: Are the Planets Inhabited? , (1913)