Semyon Ivanovich Yanovsky (in the monasticism of the Shimonakh of Sergius ; 1789 , Glukhov , Chernigov province - 1876 , Tikhonov desert , Kaluga province ) - captain of the 2nd rank, chief ruler of Russian America in 1818-1820. The author of a diary with a description of sailing from the island of Sitka (Baranova) to Okhotsk and travel from America to St. Petersburg .
| Semyon Ivanovich Yanovsky | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | April 15 (26), 1789 |
| Place of Birth | Glukhov , Chernihiv Province , Russian Empire |
| Date of death | January 6, 1876 (86 years old) |
| Place of death | Tikhonov desert , Kaluga province , Russia |
| A country | |
| Occupation | |
| Children | |
Biography
Born April 15 ( 26 ), 1789 in the city of Glukhov, Chernihiv province, in the family of a retired army captain, who served as the jurisdiction (official) for the election of the nobility in the zemstvo district court.
He graduated in 1808 from the Naval Cadet Corps , and until 1816 he served in the Baltic Sea . In 1812 he received the rank of lieutenant . Since July 20, 1816, Yanovsky was in the service of the Russian-American company . On the ship “Suvorov” participated in the circumnavigation of the years 1816-1819 under the general command of L. A. Gagemeister; in the summer of 1817 he arrived in Russian America - in the colony of Novoarkhangelsk ; October 20, 1818 was appointed chief ruler of Russian America. Staying on an inspection trip to his possessions on the island of Kodiak, Yanovsky became close to the monk Herman (later - Rev. Herman of Alaska ), who had a great spiritual influence on him: Yanovsky abandoned the deistic views that he had learned in his youth, becoming, in his own words, “a true Christian ".
On September 11, 1820, Yanovsky resigned to the new ruler, Matvey Ivanovich Muravyov , and left for Petersburg through Okhotsk and Siberia . In the capital, he was seconded to the 15th Navy crew; On August 30, 1824, he was promoted to lieutenant commander , and on February 7, 1826, he was promoted to captain of the 2nd rank with dismissal from service.
In 1834-1852 he held the post of director of the Kaluga Provincial Gymnasium , after which he left for his estate.
At the end of 1865 he settled in the Tikhonov desert in the Kaluga province , in 1866 he adopted monasticism with the name Sergius ; in 1873 he was tonsured a schema . Apparently, he spent the last years of his life in the Sretensky monastery of the monastery.
His letters to the abbot of the Valaam Monastery Damaskin became the basis for the biographies of the Monk Herman of Alaska and the martyr Peter Aleut .
From his first marriage (in 1818) with the daughter of the governor of Russian America Alexander Andreevich Baranov, Yanovsky had two children. He remarried in 1826, after the death of his first wife Irina in 1824. Children from the second marriage:
- Nikolay (1829-1913), Kaluga provincial leader of the nobility, member of the State Council.
- Ivan (1831–1855), a pupil of the Naval Cadet Corps, lieutenant, died of wounds during the defense of Sevastopol .
Yanovsky named the mountain on the island of Sitka [1] .
Notes
Literature
- Yanovsky Semen Ivanovich // Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vol.] / Ch. ed. Yu.S. Osipov . - M .: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2004—2017.