Yaroslavl Motor Plant

The plant was founded in 1916 by Russian industrialist V. A. Lebedev as part of a government program to create an automobile industry in Russia . A joint-stock company for the production of automobiles was organized under the license of the British company Crossley ". It was planned to produce 750 trucks and cars a year with a 4-cylinder engine with a volume of 4478 cm³. There is evidence that the foreign design was planned to be improved. Until 1917, the plant did not work - there is information about the release of only one car - “ Swan ” (“ Swan-A ”), and it is possible that it was built in the UK. ^[2]

After the revolution, it was the first state car repair plant. In 1925, the production of trucks with AMO-F-15 engines began. ^[2] In 1926, the plant was transformed into Yaroslavl State Automobile Plant No. 3.

In the years of the First Five-Year Plan , reconstruction was carried out: new workshops were built, the number of employees increased 5 times. The plant was the first in the country to launch the production of heavy trucks . Since 1933, its name is Yaroslavl Automobile Plant. In 1935, he launched his 10,000th truck.

The main products of the plant in 1925-1942 were heavy trucks with a carrying capacity of 3 to 7 tons Ya-3 (1925, 3 tons), Ya-4 , Ya-5 , YaG-3 (1932, 5 tons), YaG-4 , YaG -5 , YAG-6 , YAG-10 (1931, 8 t), YAG-12 (1932, 8 t); dump trucks YaS-1 (1935-1936), YaS-3 (1936-1941) and YaS-4 (1939) ; single-decker trolleybuses YATB-1 (1936), YATB-4 and double-decker YATB-3 ; buses YA-1 , YA-2 (1932, 100 passengers); chassis for buses and trolleybuses. In 1933, together with OKB OGPU , prototypes of the first Soviet diesel engine Kodzhu were made.

During the war years, the plant produced tracked artillery tractors Y-11 , Y-12 (1943, tracked artillery tractor), Y-13 . In 1943-1947, the production of a series of YAZ-200 (4 × 2) vehicles with a carrying capacity of 7 tons was developed. In 1948-1950, the production of three-axle vehicles of the YAZ-210 (6 × 4) series with a carrying capacity of 12 tons was developed.

In 1947-1951, for the first time in the USSR, serial production of two-stroke automotive diesel engines YaAZ-204 and YaAZ-206 with a capacity of 110-220 liters was mastered. with. for YaAZ, MAZ cars, specialized vehicles, ZIS-154 buses, pumping units, etc. For the development of these engines in 1949, the Stalin Prize was received.

In 1951, the production of two-axle cars YAZ-200 , YAZ-205 , YAZ-225 was transferred to the Minsk Automobile Plant . In 1958, the Yaroslavl Automobile Plant (YaAZ) was renamed the Yaroslavl Motor Plant (YaMZ). Since that time, the plant has specialized in the development and production of multipurpose diesel engines with a capacity of 180-800 liters. with., gearboxes, clutches, diesel electrical units.

In 1961-1965, the production of 4-stroke diesel engines with a capacity of 180-500 liters was developed in 1958-1961. with. YaMZ-236 , YaMZ-238 , YaMZ-240 , in 1972 the USSR State Prize was awarded for their development. In 1966, the plant was awarded the Order of Lenin . In 1968-1971, the YaMZ-740 and YaMZ-741 power unit was developed for the Kama Automobile Plant .

In 1971, the Yaroslavl Motor Plant became the parent company of the Avtodizel Production Association, which in addition to YAZTA , YAZDA , TMZ , Rostov Aggregate Plant , construction trust and state farm Revolution, and later TERZ . In 1973-1980, the YaMZ-840 family of diesel engines was created. In 1975, the plant was awarded the Order of the October Revolution . In 1976, the Lenin Prize was awarded for the creation and development of the production of engines for the Kirovets K-700 and K-701 tractors. In 1977-1979, the YaMZ-642 power unit was created for the Kutaisi Automobile Plant .

Since 1970, Avtodizel has become the leading enterprise in Soviet diesel engineering. Consumers of products are MAZ , KrAZ , BelAZ , MoAZ , MZKT , UralAZ , ZIL , BAZ , LAZ , KZKT , IZTM , ChZPT , Kirovsky Zavod , Rostselmash , Krasnoyarsk Combine , Voronezh , Kovrovsky Excavator, Muromsky , Lyudinovskiy Locomotive Plant , Ivanovo , Chelyabinsk plant of road machines and other enterprises.

Since 1993, the plant has been operating as OAO Avtodiesel (Yaroslavl Motor Plant). In 1991-1998, the YaMZ-846 and YaMZ-847 engines were created for the Topol M rocket and space complex. In 1994-2005, the production of stationary stationary power plants and electric generators was created . In 1995-2003, the production of engines of ecological classes was mastered: 1995 - Euro-1 ( YaMZ-236 NE / BE and YaMZ-238 BE / DE), 1997 - Euro-2 ( YaMZ-7511 and YaMZ-7601 ), 2003 - Euro -3 ( YaMZ-656 and YaMZ-658 ). Serial production of these engines began in 2007-2008. In 1995-2002 and 2005-2008, in-line diesel engines of the YaMZ-530 family ( Euro-4 ) were developed. In 2003, the Government Prize was awarded for the development and development of the production of multi-purpose diesel engines that for the first time in Russia meet international environmental standards. In 2016, at the Army-2016 International Forum, a new YaMZ-780 engine was introduced.

In 2001, Avtodiesel PJSC (YaMZ) became part of RusPromAvto LLC, which was later transformed into the GAZ Group.

The Yaroslavl Motor Plant is a full-cycle enterprise and includes foundry, forging, thermal, welding, galvanic, painting, hardware, mechanical assembly, assembly-testing, tool, repair production, energy, transport and storage services, a network of service centers, a workshop for small machine tools and non-standard equipment.

Factory products are:

• diesel power units ;
• diesel power units ;
• bonded power plants .

YaMZ engines are installed on more than 300 models of vehicles manufactured in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. Key consumers: Ural Automobile Plant OJSC, MAZ OJSC, LiAZ LLC, BelAZ RUPP, Elektroagregat OJSC , Slobozhansky Industrial Company LLC . In addition, YaMZ engines are often installed on Mercedes-Benz minibuses delivered to the former USSR.

In different years, the directors of the enterprise were:

• V.A. Elenin (1931-1937),
• A.A. Nikanorov (1940-1945),
• I.P. Gusev (1945-1950),
• E. A. Bashinjaghyan (1958),
• A. M. Dobrynin (1961-1982),
• V.A. Doletsky (1982-1997),
• V. E. Saveliev (1997-2002),
• A. N. Petrov (2003-2005),
• N. A. Alexandrychev (2006-2007),
• V. S. Kadylkin (2007—2013),
• A.K. Korenkov (2013-2014),
• A.A. Matyushin (2014 - present).

100% PJSC Avtodiesel belongs to the Department of Property and Land Relations of the Yaroslavl Region.

In June 2010, the blacksmith Nikolai Shustrov single-handedly improved working conditions at the plant: when he learned that the chairman of the government, Vladimir Putin , was awaiting the company, he wrote him a letter inviting him to visit not only the “showy” workshops, but also the blacksmith shop in which he works , - dirty, stuffy, with broken equipment. After Putin visited the workshop, the working conditions at the plant improved significantly ^[3] .

• We (television series)

• Voronenko A.I. Half a century of labor and construction. History of the Yaroslavl motor (automobile) plant. - Yaroslavl: Upper Volga Book Publishing House, 1966. - 365 p.
• Yaroslavl "Autodiesel". - Yaroslavl, 1966.

• Website of Yaroslavl Motor Plant
• YAGAZ⁄YAZ (unavailable link from 06/14/2016 [1175 days]) // Kochnev E. D. Encyclopedia of military vehicles. 2nd edition, revised and revised. - M .: LLC “Publishing House“ Behind the Wheel ””, 2008. - 640 s: ill.