Doom metal

Characteristic features for doom metal are:

• Pretty slow pace of music ^{[2] [3]} .
• The dominant "hard" guitar parts ^[2] .
• A heavy and gloomy atmosphere ^[4] , the prevailing sad intonation ^[2] .
• Mostly “clean” but “depressing” vocals ^[2] .
• Often there are effects or instruments that are uncharacteristic for extreme metal ( choruses , organ , bells ) ^[2] .

Frequent themes of songs are darkness, despair , melancholy , death , loss of loved ones, unhappy love ^[4] .

The history of doom metal has several periods, they can be conditionally divided into three groups: the emergence of the genre ( 70s ), development ( 80s ), the emergence of death doom metal and other branches, which are sometimes conventionally called the “second wave Duma ”( 90s ).

Early doom metal (also known as proto-doom ) besides Black Sabbath were played by other groups, for example, Pentagram , Bedemon , Iron Claw , partly Blue Cheer , Black Widow . However, the very first Black Sabbath albums were Black Sabbath, Paranoid , Master of Reality , Vol. 4 ”- are considered to be classics of proto-thought. Subsequently, Black Sabbath gradually moved away from this direction.

Following the pioneers in the 1980s , a number of bands appeared playing music that would later be called doom metal, including Trouble , Saint Vitus and others. But until the mid-1980s, doom was not considered a separate genre from heavy metal and had no name. In 1986, the Swedish group Candlemass debuted with the album " Epicus Doomicus Metallicus ", thanks to which the genre gained its name and was recognized as an independent phenomenon.

Louisiana

Considered as the birthplace of sludge metal ^[1] , this scene arose in the late 1980s in New Orleans ^{[5] [6]} . Representatives of this scene included some elements of hardcore punk in their sound ^[7] . The pioneers of this scene are Exhorder that combined the elements of doom and thrash metal ^[6] . In the 90s, several sludge and stoner metal bands appeared in the state, which were influenced by bands such as Black Sabbath and Melvins and brought elements of genres such as hardcore punk and northern rock to their sound ^{[5] [8] [9] [10]} . Famous representatives: Eyehategod ^[5] , Down ^[9] , Exhorder ^[6] and Crowbar ^[8] .

Having gone through several stages of growth and progress during its existence, doom metal now takes many forms. Also, a lot of branches quite distant from doom and doom / death appeared, such as stoner metal , sludge metal and drone metal .

Traditional Doom Metal

Traditional doom metal is a slow, melancholy, riff-based metal that was influenced by Black Sabbath and the NWOBHM movement. Typical representatives: Saint Vitus , Pentagram , Candlemass , Solitude Aeturnus , Solstice , Reverend Bizarre ^[11] .

The history of traditional doom metal is divided into four waves ^[11] : the first wave begins with the creators of the entire genre - proto-doom groups Black Sabbath and Pentagram; the second wave affects the mid-1980s, especially the work of Saint Vitus and Candlemass; The third wave begins with Cathedral's debut album, Forest of Equilibrium ; the fourth wave is associated with Reverend Bizarre.

Epic Doom Metal

Epic doom metal ( English epic doom metal ) is a subgenre reminiscent of a traditional doom metal with a stronger influence of the Middle Ages and / or fantasy ^[11] . Vocalists use clean, opera and choral singing, and the accompaniment is a keyboard and percussion game performed in a pompous way to evoke a feeling of “epic” ^{[12] [13]} . In lyrics and images there is an influence of fantasy or mythology ^[12] . Epic doom is rooted in more traditional metal , copying some concepts of proto-Duma groups such as Black Sabbath ^[11] . As an example, one can cite such well-known epic doom groups as Candlemass ^[14] , Solitude Aeturnus ^[15] , Solstice ^[16] , While Heaven Wept ^[13] and Doomsword ^[17] .

Death Doom Metal

Death doom metal ( eng. Death doom metal ) combines elements of doom and death metal ^[11] . Death-doom-metal is notable for its low tempo, viscous guitar parts, great power and no less harsh sound, growling and other types of rough vocals, tense and gloomy atmosphere ^[2] . Typical representatives: My Dying Bride , Paradise Lost (previously creativity ^[11] ), Tiamat , Amorphis ^[2] , Winter , Anathema , Katatonia , Swallow the Sun ^[11] .

Funeral Doom Metal

Funeral doom metal is a style in which a slow pace is taken to extremes and an emphasis is placed on an atmosphere of despair and emptiness. This style can be seen as a departure from death-doom metal with the help of a stronger slowdown of music and often with the introduction of elements of ambient music . The result is a distorted and gloomy sound, but at the same time, often dreamy. Growling is usually used as vocals, but often it is background, and is rather used as an additional texture in music ^[11] .

The pioneers of the genre are Thergothon , Skepticism, and Funeral . Of the contemporaries, one can call Bloody Panda , Shape of Despair , Stabat Mater and Until Death Overtakes Me ^[11] .

Atmospheric Doom Metal

Atmospheric doom metal ( Eng. Atmospheric doom metal ) is less "heavy" than ordinary doom ^[18] .

Melodic Doom Metal

A characteristic feature of melodic doom metal ( English melodic doom metal ) is the original melody ^[19] .

Black Doom Metal

Black doom metal ( English black doom metal, blackened doom ) - a style that combines elements of doom and black metal . Usually, a shrike is used in terms of vocals, and the guitars are very distorted, which is typical for black. But it is also characterized by a slow pace and low sound, which is typical for doom metal. The lyrics cover the themes of nature , nihilism and depression ^[12] . The following groups can be cited as an example: Deinonychus ^[20] , Shining ^[21] , Bethlehem ^[22] , early Katatonia ^[23] .

Depressive Suicidal Black Metal

Depressive suicidal black metal (also known as depressive suicidal black metal ), also known as suicidal black metal, depressive black metal or DSBM is a style that combines elements of black metal of the second wave and doom metal ^[24] . DSBM bands are characterized by lo-fi sound and heavily distorted guitars typical of black metal, while DSBM groups also use acoustic instruments and undistorted electric guitar sounds typical of doom, alternating between slow sections with fast variable strokes . The vocals are usually piercing, showing feelings such as hopelessness, despair and supplication ^[24] . The lyrics revolve around topics such as depression, self-harm , misanthropy , suicide and death ^{[25] [26]} . Among the performers of this genre there are musical projects consisting of one person ^[24] . Examples include groups such as Leviathan ^[24] , Strid ^[24] , Silencer ^{[25] [26]} , Make a Change ... Kill Yourself ^[24] and I Shalt Become ^{[25] [26]} .

Gothic Doom Metal

Gothic doom metal ( English gothic doom metal ) is a rather arbitrary term, since most groups whose work is characterized by this phrase play in a wide musical range and are often very far from a typical doom metal, with its inherent severity and fatalism . Metal bands performing unhurried and melodic music with a romantic and sad atmosphere are usually referred to the Gothic Duma. Often in such music you can hear female "angelic" vocals, male "mournful" roar, bow and keyboard instruments. This is an unhurried, relatively light and digestible metal music with frequent use of such “non-metallic” instruments as pianos, violins, synthesizers, etc. In the atmosphere of this music there are romantic and “decadent” characteristics characteristic of Gothic music (that is, the aesthetics of decay ) mood. Duma is considered very conditional, perhaps only because of the general leisureliness and residual elements of doom-death (growling, relatively stiff guitars, etc.). This subgenre is similar to atmospheric doom metal. Gothic doom is also influenced by psychedelic rock , for example, on Tiamat Wildhoney and Lake of Tears A Crimson Cosmos .

One of the first groups to be labeled "gothic metal" was Paradise Lost, starting with death-doom metal; among other groups combining these two genres are Tiamat , Lake of Tears , Type O Negative , Draconian , The Sins of Thy Beloved , The Foreshadowing and many others.

Industrial Doom Metal

Industrial doom is a term denoting the merging of genres - doom metal (usually death-doom) with industrial , which is extremely rare. The direction under discussion is characterized by the use of elements from doom metal, an “industrial” synthesizer, strongly distorted sound of guitars and hard vocals (however, in some cases, pure sound is found). Sometimes in this genre you can observe the use of individual elements from nu-metal and post-punk . Theme of songs: depression and melancholy (inherited from doom metal and pioneers of the genre), horror and death (sometimes with some elements of black humor) with the addition of psychedelic elements. Performers of the industry are characterized by a craving for shocking. Representatives: Zaraza ( after 1997 ), Borderline Prime , Zylum , Author & Punisher .

Vanguard Doom Metal

By avant-garde doom metal ( English avantgarde doom metal ) or experimental doom metal ( English experimental doom metal ) are undefined in style, unusual and unique doom groups with some admixture of artistry. Good examples are Esoteric and Unholy . Avant-garde doom can also be called groups that do not have a direct relation to doom metal, but play music with some elements and / or under its influence: In The Woods ( album "Omnio" ), Neurosis , Jesu , Isis , Cult of Luna .

Drone Metal

Drone metal ( drone doom metal ) is an ultra-slow and extreme follower of traditional doom metal. This style is even more minimalistic and hard to understand than funeral doom metal. The influence of pioneers is also felt in this music. Black Sabbath , but many modern drone doom bands complement their music with styles such as noise and ambient , usually due to the peculiar drone, low distortion of guitars and bass , often with a strong reverb of all the music and sometimes with clean (chalk wild) motives.

Songs in the style of drone doom ( eng. Drone doom ) are usually long - a typical track lasts from ten to thirty minutes, and some albums generally consist of a single track. Vocals and even drums are often absent, and the music lacks the rhythm in the usual sense. Like funeral doom, music in the style of drone doom expresses despair and emptiness, although apocalyptic and mysterious themes are also common.

The innovator Stephen O'Malley , who was strongly influenced by the Earth group and who was involved in such fruitful projects as Burning Witch and Sunn O))) , can be confidently called the creator of the drone-doom as a specific sub-style. The Sunn O))) band and their predecessor, Earth, are considered the two most significant bands in this style. Other typical examples of drone doom are: Boris , Nadja, and Black Boned Angel .

Stoner Metal

Stoner metal ( English stoner metal ) or stoner-doom ( English stoner doom ) ^[27] combines elements of psychedelic and acid rock ^[28] . Stoner groups usually play at a slow or medium pace, using melodic vocals and “retro” sound ^[28] . The pioneers of the genre are Kyuss ^[29] , Sleep ^[30] , Acid King ^[31] and Sons of Otis ^[32] .

Sludge metal

Sludge metal , also known as sludgecore ^{[5] [8],} is a style that combines the features of doom metal and hardcore punk , and sometimes also rock rock . Many sludge groups compose slow and heavy songs ^{[5] [8]} . String instruments are highly distorted and often produce a lot of feedback ^{[33] [7]} . The drums are often in a typical doom metal style, but also drummers can use the drum beat typical of hardcore punk. The vocals are usually loud or egregious, and the lyrics touch the themes of suffering , drug addiction , politics and anger at society ^[12] . Typical representatives are Eyehategod ^[5] , Crowbar ^[8] , Buzzov * en ^[34] , Acid Bath ^[35] and Grief ^[36] .

Progressive Doom

Progressive doom ( English progressive doom ) combines the elements of progressive and doom metal ^[37] . Examples include groups such as King Goat ^[37] , Below the Sun ^[38] and Oceans of Slumber ^[39] .

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• Doom-metal.com is the largest English site dedicated to doom metal.