Digital radio

The constituent parts of digital sound broadcasting standards are a digital coding system for sound signals to reduce their redundancy and a system for modulating the carrier wave with a coded signal in order to form an optimal spectrum of a radio signal for transmission in broadcasting bands. Key technology standards:

• Eureka-147 (T-DAB)
• Dab +
• DMB
• Cam-d
• DRM
• DRM +
• HD Radio
• FMeXtra
• RAVIS ^[1]

Advantages ^[2] :

• High efficiency use of the radio frequency spectrum.
• Higher quality of the received sound signal, especially in the ranges of LW , CB and HF , where the amplitude modulation method was previously used.
• More reliable and reliable reception of radio signals for mobile listeners, for example, in cars, especially in the VHF range, where interference is caused by interference of radio waves from one source due to their reflection during propagation, as well as the Doppler effect , which leads to a change in the wavelength depending on the speed movement of the receiver relative to the transmitter.
• The ability to transmit additional information, including video, graphic and text information.

Disadvantages ^[2] :

• The complexity of the signal processing processes in the radio, which at the initial stage may affect its value.

In 2012, the State Committee for Radio Frequency Control signed a protocol according to which a radio frequency band of 148.5-283.5 kHz is allocated for the creation of digital broadcasting networks of the DRM standard in the Russian Federation ^[3] . Also, in accordance with paragraph 5.2 of the minutes of the meeting of the State Committee for Emergency Situations dated January 20, 2009 No. 09-01, the research work “Study of the possibility and conditions of using digital broadcasting of the DRM standard in the Russian Federation in the frequency band 148.5-283.5 kHz” was carried out.

Digital radio appeared in Russia in 2019 - on May 18, 2018, the Moscow radio station Pioneer FM began its test broadcasting at the 1st Congress of Digital Radio Broadcasting in Lenexpo (St. Petersburg). Ukraine (so far only in Kiev) has begun digital broadcasting at a frequency of 194.064 (7D). On June 15, 2018, a test broadcast of 9 radio channels began. Estonia is in no hurry with the introduction of digital radio; but it may appear in South Africa. Thus, for an indefinite period of time, broadcasting in the FM band will be carried out in analog format.

Countries in which digital radio broadcasts (as of 2019): Australia, Austria, Algeria, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Brazil, Brunei, Vatican, Great Britain, Hungary, Vietnam, Ghana, Germany, Gibraltar, Greece, Denmark Israel, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Spain, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Canada, Qatar, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Kuwait, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malaysia, Malta, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nigeria , Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Romania, Salvador, San Marino, Serbia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, USA, Taiwan, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Ukraine, France, French Guiana, Croatia, Czech Republic, Chile, Switzerland, Sweden, Ecuador, Esvatini, Estonia, South Korea, South Africa, Japan.

Countries that are interested in digital radio: Armenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Vietnam, Jordan, Lithuania, Macedonia, Mexico, Moldova, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Sudan, Montenegro, Sri Lanka.

In Ghana, India, Canada, Mexico, Namibia, and Finland, the DAB broadcast standard was not used for long.

Previously, digital broadcasting was in Latvia (2016–2017), Finland (1997–2005), and Hong Kong (2010–2017).

The frequency of the DAB + range is measured in megahertz (MHz). For example: 183.648 (5B). On one frequency, DAB + can accommodate from four to twenty digital radio stations (depending on the region, city or country).

Brands of digital radios: AEG, Sony, Sangean, Denon, Pure, Tecsun.

Since January 2017, Norway has begun the sequential switching of analogue broadcasting equipment to digital for most radio channels ^[4] . In December 2017, Norway completed the transition to digital broadcasting (DAB +) and became the first country in the world to stop broadcasting state-owned broadcasting programs on the FM broadcast network. However, most local radio stations continue to broadcast via FM. The transition was accompanied by some criticism and allegations of insufficient coverage of the country's territory with the DAB + system. In particular, users complained about the high cost of acquiring new radios or set-top boxes for conventional receivers. The example of Norway in the coming years should be followed by Switzerland (2024), Great Britain and Denmark (2020) ^[5] .

Radio channels are now included in the multiplexes of digital television , both terrestrial and satellite . Broadcasting programs can be listened to with the digital television receiver after tuning, by switching it to “radio” mode. You can also connect an external amplifier with speakers to the receiver instead of the TV.

In Russia, the first multiplex of digital television in Russia broadcasts the federal radio stations Radio of Russia , Mayak and Vesti FM .

• Digital signal
• Software Defined Radio System
• Internet radio

• Digital broadcasting systems DAB, DAB +, DMB. Current state
• GOST R 53556.0-2009 Digital sound broadcasting. Encoding audio broadcast signals with reduced redundancy for transmission over digital communication channels. Part III (MPEG-4 audio). Key Points
• Safarov D. A., Khusanov Z. K. World experience in the implementation and development of digital sound broadcasting technologies of the DAB and DRM standard
• Skuratovsky B. Broadcasting: broadcast or online? Part 1