Belyana

Belyan. The beginning of the XX century.

The image is whitewashed from a book of drawings and drawings compiled by P. A. Bogoslavsky for a book on merchant shipbuilding in Russia ^[1]

Belyana - a wooden unpainted flat-bottomed barge , used to rafting the forest along the Volga and Kama rivers in the 19th - early 20th centuries .

Content

1 Design
2 Belyans in art
3 notes
4 See also
5 Literature

Design

Belyans were built in the areas of forestry in the Upper Volga and Kama , and were designed for only one trip downstream. Structurally, they were the descendants of nasad and preserved many of their properties. The main cargo was wood, in some cases bast , matting and other similar goods. For control, they were equipped with a sail made of matting. The hull was 100 meters long , 25 meters wide, 5 meters high, and carrying capacity up to 10,000 tons . The hull material was the best timber, but the hull did not pitch, which determined the name of such a vessel. The cargo could be placed in the hull and in the superstructure with a gradual expansion beyond the sides (up to 2.5 - 3 meters). The upper deck was not provided, and the acceptable strength of the ship structure was achieved by dense stacking of laden timber. Two or three gates for anchors and lots were installed directly above the stacked cargo, and breeches were erected, where the team lived during the rafting ^[2] .

The whites were rafted, mainly in Tsaritsyn (now Volgograd), where the semi-finished forest and the building were disassembled for firewood or went to sawmills for final processing.

Belyans in art

Gorbatov K.I. Belyany (1914)

Notes

↑ Drawings and drawings of ships, 1859 , p. 24.
↑ Yu. N. Pavlyuchenko, A.A. Gundobin, G.P. Turmov. Belyana // Architecture of ships and ships. Brief marine dictionary. - Vladivostok : Publishing House of the Far Eastern University, 1992. - S. 24. - ISBN 5-7444-0120-2 .

Literature

Belyana // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Bogoslavsky P. A. About merchant shipbuilding in Russia, river and coastal. - St. Petersburg: Printing house of the Ministry of the Sea, 1859. - 197 p.
Bogoslavsky P. A. Drawings and drawings of ships compiled by P. Bogoslavsky for a book on merchant shipbuilding in Russia. - St. Petersburg: Printing house of the Ministry of the Sea, 1859. - 28 p.

[_48cef71c363a595f-1] Drawings and drawings of ships, 1859 , p. 24.

[2] Yu. N. Pavlyuchenko, A.A. Gundobin, G.P. Turmov. Belyana // Architecture of ships and ships. Brief marine dictionary. - Vladivostok : Publishing House of the Far Eastern University, 1992. - S. 24. - ISBN 5-7444-0120-2 .