Sordaria ( lat. Sordariaceae ) - a family of fungi - Ascomycetes ( Ascomycota ) order Sordariales from the group of pyrenomycetes .
| Sordaria | |||||||||||||||||||
 Sordaria fimicola | |||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific classification | |||||||||||||||||||
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| International scientific name | |||||||||||||||||||
Sordariaceae G. Winter , 1885 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Type genus | |||||||||||||||||||
Sordaria Ces. & De Not. , 1863 | |||||||||||||||||||
According to the old system, typical representatives of the Sphaerein order ( Sphaeriales sensu lato ).
Mycelial mushrooms. Fruit bodies are perithecies , usually black or dark brown, 1-2 mm high. Bags are interspersed with numerous paraphyses, which usually disappear by the time of maturation. Ascospores are usually unicellular, brown-black, often with mucous appendages. The walls of the bags are not destroyed, on top of them there is a ring or roller that promotes the active ejection of ascospores.
Soil , often coprophilic fungi (on the manure of herbivores appear after mucoridae ).
Sordarieva are not of great economic importance. Some of them ( Neurospora crassa , Sordaria fimicola ) are used as laboratory objects.
Representatives
- Sordaria
- Sordaria manure ( S. fimicola ) typus is distinguished by the absence of conidial sporulation; propagated only by ascospores. Homotallic appearance. The object of study of the physiology of fungi (metabolism of biotin and thiamine ) and genetics (monogenic inheritance of color - from dark brown to gray); easily grows in culture on agar media. The necks of the perithecia have a positive phototropism , and spores are thrown towards the light source.
- S. brevicaulis is a heterotallic species.
- Gelazinospora ( Gelasinospora )
- Close Sordarii. G. cerealis is a soil fungus that possibly causes lodging of wheat and oats . Ascospores to maturation become bicellular. Disputes are demanding of the environment for germination.
- G. tetrasperma - coprofil. There are four dual-core spores in the bag.
- Neurospora
- Sordaria and gelazinospore are close. N. crassa ("red bread mold") is one of the most popular genetic objects.
- Pleurrage
- It has devices for spreading spores: mucous cord-like appendages that adhere to the grass.
Literature
- Plant life. In 6 volumes. T. 2. Mushrooms / Ed. prof. M.V. Gorlenko. - M .: Education, 1976. - S. 146-147.