Glory (also Serbian. Krsno ime, Sveti “The Holy Name, Holy”) [1] - South Slavic folk-Orthodox custom, celebration of the family saint's day. This custom is mainly present among the Serbs , who consider Glory to be one of the characteristics of their culture; however, Glory is also celebrated in Montenegro , Northern Macedonia , Bosnia and Herzegovina , as well as in some parts of Croatia bordering Bosnia and Herzegovina. He is known in the surrounding areas of Bulgaria and Romania .
| Glory | |
|---|---|
 Slavic kalach and kolivo | |
| Type of | folk christian |
| Otherwise | God name |
| Value | Veneration of the patron saint of the family |
| Is celebrated | Southern Orthodox Slavs |
| Traditions | Communion in the church , prayer for the living and dead members of the clan, festive dinner |
Glory is celebrated in honor of a saint, revered by all the families of the clan or the whole village. Depending on this, four types of the Rite of Glory are distinguished: individual, patrimonial, rural and church.
According to researchers, this tradition has a correspondence in the customs of patronal feasts of the Eastern Slavs [2] .
Content
- 1 Names
- 2 History
- 3 Heredity
- 4 Celebration
- 5 See also
- 6 notes
- 7 Literature
- 8 References
Names
The main day of the celebration and the ceremony itself is generally called Glory ( Shumadia , Western Serbia, Leskovatsky Morava, Bosnia, Montenegro, among banat Bulgarians , Debar in Macedonia), Service (Bosnia, Macedonia), Krsno ime ( Kosovo , Popovo pole, Shumadiya) , Svetats (among banat Bulgarians), Svets ( Kosovo ), Svečari ( Fruska Gora ), Praznik (among Romanians of the Negotinsky Territory ).
History
One version of the origin of the holiday is associated with the Ottoman conquest. During the time of its invasions and conquests, the Ottoman Empire , which made its way to Europe through the Balkans , besieged and occupied the territories of Serbia, Bosnia, Macedonia, Montenegro. Following their principle: “surrender voluntarily (but accept our faith, history, culture and listen to us) or die”, the Turks offered a similar thing to the people of the occupied territories: a significant part of the Bosnian Serbs who were confessed by the godmothers and experienced persecution both from the Croatian Catholic the authorities of Bosnia and the Serbian Orthodox tserkvi⟩ proposal accepted partially Croats, Serbs and others - no (because of what began a feud between Serbs and Bosniaks-Muslims) and in connection with this decision, pra oslavnye Serbs and Catholic Croats could no longer openly celebrate religious holidays. Then they came up with such a way to praise the saints (hence the name of the holiday - glory): since you can’t gather in the whole village / city / country on the same day, each family chooses one saint and on his birthday - praises him, inviting loved ones and relatives .
It is important to consider that at each such holiday a representative of the Ottoman Empire must have been present in order to personally ensure that religious holidays (with the exception of Islamic ones) are not held. Once you can’t be baptized, but you need to, we came up with this scheme - after a toast, you need to clink glasses in a certain way: at first exclusively directly, then strictly to the left and only then only to the right - repeating the contour of the cross in this way and “lighting” food, family and people with it .
According to another version, Glory is the pagan heritage of the southern Slavs. Prior to the adoption of Christianity, each Slavic family-family had its own deity , in honor of which once or twice a year they held festivities at which all members of the family gathered together. With the adoption of Christianity, the holiday was assimilated as a Christian. And tribal deities were replaced by Christian saints .
Thanks to this and other holidays, the peoples of the Balkans were able to preserve the Christian religion, having carried it through the years of Ottoman oppression, as well as many pre-Christian folk customs.
Heredity
Unlike most customs common to a whole nation, each family has its own saint, in whose honor Glory is celebrated. The saint is inherited by the sons from the head of the family - usually the father. Daughters inherit Glory if they remain in the family; married women usually celebrate the Glory of the husband.
If the son’s family moves far, then with the permission of the father, the son can celebrate Glory in his home. Otherwise, while the head of the family is alive, the sons celebrate Glory in his house.
Each family celebrates one or two Glories a year, depending on the saint (since two days in the year are dedicated to some saints). But only one day on which a gala dinner is arranged is the main one. Another day is called "little glory" or "preslav".
Celebration
On the day of Glory, the whole family gathers for a gala dinner, which includes traditional dishes - Slavic kalach and colo . Also, the whole family goes to the church for communion .
On this day, each house must fulfill two important responsibilities: to pray to God for the living and dead members of the clan; and receive and treat guests - those who on this day do not celebrate their glory. Such a feast lasts in villages for up to three days, while in cities it lasts only one day.
Just like a family, every Serbian village and every church “glorifies” its glory. In villages, the day of the patron saint is celebrated under a special tree dedicated to him, on which a cross is carved. The tree is treated like a shrine. It is called a record , and the whole festival is a testament and consists in the fact that after a common prayer, a procession to the fields and meadows takes place under a tree; then there is a general meal [3] .
See also
- Svetets (holiday) - Bulgarian analogue of the holiday
- Patronal feast
- Note
- Festivities
Notes
- ↑ Hawks, 1889 , p. one.
- ↑ Chernykh A.V. Russian folk calendar in Prikamye. Holidays and ceremonies of the late nineteenth - mid twentieth century. Part IV Local holidays
- ↑ Oatmeal, 1898 .
Literature
- Ovsyany N.R. Serbia and Serbs. - SPb. , 1898.
- Yastrebov I. S. Customs and songs of Turkish Serbs. - SPb. : Printing house of V.S. Balashev, 1889. - XXIV + 626 p.
Links
- The unchanging traditions of Serbia: Cross Glory // Serbia.ru
- Artemy, Bishop of Rush-Prizrensky , Practical Veronauk // Christian Spirit, Christian-spirit.ru
- Milovich-Sheralieva Julia , Cross Glory: Shadows of not forgotten ancestors. Part 2 // Balkans.da !, Balkany.net
- Milovich-Sheralieva Julia , Religious Glory // Century.Ru, Rusk.ru