The Democratic Republic of the Congo is the poorest country on the list of studies by the IMF, World Bank, CIA, University of Pennsylvania (as of 2012). At the same time, it is one of the countries richest in minerals.
| Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo | |
|---|---|
| Currency | Congolese franc |
| Fiscal year | calendar year |
| International the organization | WTO |
| Statistics | |
| GDP | $ 63.2 billion (2015) [1] |
| GDP growth | ▲ 8.4% (2015) [1] ▲ 9.2% (2014) ▲ 8.5% (2013) |
| GDP per capita | $ 800 (2015) [1] $ 700 (2014) $ 700 (2013) |
| Inflation ( CPI ) | 1.1% (2015) [1] |
| Population below the poverty line | 63% (2012) [1] |
| Economically active population | 28.58 million [1] |
| Unemployment rate | N / a |
| Major industries |
|
| International trade | |
| Export partners | Belgium , China , Chile , Finland , USA |
| Import partners | South Africa , Belgium, France , Zambia , Kenya |
| Public finance | |
| Government revenue | $ 6.084 billion (2015) [1] |
| Government spending | $ 6.819 billion (2015) [1] |
Agriculture
Agriculture produces about 20% of GDP. 3% of the territory is cultivated, pastures and meadows occupy 6% of the territory. The main food crops are cassava (approx. 15 million tons), bananas (314 thousand tons), corn (1.1 million tons), rice (315.5 million tons), legumes, sweet potato and peanuts . Peasants grow coffee for sale (32 thousand tons), cotton and sugar cane (1.8 million tons). Export crops - tea , rubber , sugarcane and cocoa - are grown mainly on plantations. Livestock is underdeveloped due to the spread of the tsetse fly . About three quarters of the territory is covered by forests, teak and ebony are exported. From 1990 to 2000, the area of forests decreased by 532 thousand ha.
Industry
Industry provides 33% of GDP. The most important industry is mining. 80% of the minerals are concentrated in the province of Katanga . Mining began in the X century, industrial mining began in the first decade of the XX century. By the time independence, the Belgian company Societe Generales through its subsidiary Union Minier du O'Catanga (United Mines of Upper Katanga). In 1966, the ownership of this company was nationalized. The main minerals are copper , cobalt , diamonds and zinc . Lead , coal , and manganese are also mined . In terms of cobalt export, the DRC ranks first in the world. Oil is being produced on the coastal shelf, and gold is being mined in the north-west of the country.
The manufacturing industry began to develop during the First World War . In the early 90s, due to the difficult political situation, the manufacturing industry was in crisis. The main manufacturing enterprises are concentrated in the Kinshasa region.
Transport
Airports
- total - 198 (2013) [1] , including:
- with a hard coating - 26
- without a hard coating - 172
Car roads
- total - 153,497 km (according to 2004 data) [1] , including:
- paved - 2,794 km
- without pavement - 150 703 km
Railway transport
- the total length of the lines is 4,007 km (according to data for 2014) [1] . Of them:
- 3 882 km with a track gauge of 1067 mm (of which 858 km are electrified )
- 125 km with 1000 mm gauge
There are railway companies Congo Railway and Office National des Transports .
Waterways
The total length is 15,000 km, including the Congo River , its tributaries and unbound lakes [1] .
Pipelines
According to the data for 2013 [1] :
- gas pipelines - 62 km
- oil pipelines - 77 km
- product pipelines - 756 km
Trade
- Export: $ 12.4 billion (2015) [1]
- Export items: gold, diamonds, copper, cobalt, crude oil, wood, coffee
- Export Partners: Belgium , China , Zambia, Italy
- Import: $ 12.34 billion (2015) [1]
- Imports - commodities: food, machinery and equipment, fuel, food
- Import Partners: South Africa , Belgium, China , Zambia , Zimbabwe,
See also
- Tourism in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 The World Factbook: "Democratic Republic of the Congo" . Date of treatment May 9, 2016.