The economy of Bahrain is the economy of one of the developed countries of the Middle East.
 | |
| Currency | Bahraini Dinar (BHD) |
|---|---|
| Fiscal year | calendar |
| International the organization | GCC |
| Statistics | |
| GDP | $ 33.86 billion (2014) |
| GDP growth | 4.5% (2014) |
| GDP per capita | $ 29,146 (2014, PPP) |
| GDP by sector | agricultural complex (0.3%), production (47.1%), services (52.6%) (2014) |
| Inflation ( CPI ) | 2.7% (2014) |
| Population below the poverty line | unknown [1] |
| Economically active population | 738,000 (2014) |
| Employed population by sector | agricultural complex (1%), production (32%), services (67%) (2004) |
| Unemployment rate | 4.1% (2014) |
| Major industries | Oil refining and refining, aluminum smelting, iron granulation, fertilizers, Islamic banking and offshore, insurance, ship repair, tourism |
| EDBI | 63rd place (2017) [2] |
| International trade | |
| Export | $ 20.75 billion (2014) |
| Export Articles | Oil and Petroleum Products, Aluminum, Textile |
| Export partners |  3.3% 2.4% 2.2% (2014) [3] |
| Import | $ 13.32 billion (2014) |
| Import Articles | Crude Oil, Equipment, Chemicals |
| Import partners | 24% 11.9% 8.2% 7.0% 5.7% 4.4% (2014) [4] |
| Public finance | |
| State debt | $ 18.75 billion (2014) |
| Government revenue | $ 8.217 billion (2014) |
| Government spending | $ 9.427 billion (2014) |
| Credit rating | BBB (internal) BBB (external) BBB (T&C) ( Standard & Poor's ) [5] |
Content
Agriculture
1% of the country's able-bodied population is employed in agriculture , it makes up 0.3% of GDP . Only 4% of the territory is suitable for agriculture. In oases, date palm, citrus, grapes, peach, pistachios, vegetables, cereals (wheat, corn and barley) are grown
Industry
The main industry is oil and gas , which provides production of approx. 25% of the country's GDP , 60% of the state budget and 60% of foreign exchange earnings from foreign trade operations. Currently, the industry is fully controlled by the Bahrain Petroleum Co. ( BAPCO ), an oil and gas state concern . The country has small oil reserves that are on the verge of depletion. In 2015, 18.462 million barrels of oil were produced in the country, which is 3.7% higher than the 2014 level [6] . However, in early April 2018, Bahrain authorities announced the discovery of the world's largest shale oil field in the Khalidzh Al Bahrain Basin with a total volume of 80 billion barrels. [7]
In addition to oil, Bahrain has huge reserves of natural gas .
Among other industries, aluminum (operating on Australian alumina) and shipbuilding industries are widely developed. Bahrain Aluminum Plant ALBA is one of the largest aluminum producers in the world, its production capacity is 509 thousand tons per year.
The country's ship repair industry is represented by the Arab Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Company (ASRY). The largest dry dock in the world operates in Bahrain, which is capable of receiving supertankers with a displacement of 500 thousand tons.
There is a pearl craft, which is currently actually left to its own devices.
Transport
Airports :
- total - 3, including:
- with a hard coating - 5
Highways :
- total - 3498 km, including:
- paved - 2768 km
- without pavement - 730 km
Water transport :
- total vessels - 7
Finance
Bahrain is the largest international financial center and, in particular, the offshore financial center. The banking sector takes the 2nd place in the country's economy, providing about 20% of the kingdom's GDP. Central to the structure of the financial and credit system is the Central Bank of Bahrain . In 2001, the financial system of Bahrain included: 19 commercial banks (including 2 specialized), 13 Islamic banks , 48 offshore banks , 33 investment banks , 36 representative offices, 5 brokerage agencies, 19 exchange points.
In 2001, their total turnover amounted to $ 102.700 billion, of which $ 88.370 billion came from offshore banks, $ 3.883 billion from commercial banks, and $ 4.034 billion from investment banks.
Bahrain is a leading center for Islamic banking in the Middle East.
Literature
Encyclopedia of the countries of the world / Chap. ed. N. A. Simonia; editorial V. L. Makarov, A. D. Nekipelov, E. M. Primakov ; foreword N. A. Simony; M .: ZAO "Publishing house" Economics ", 2004.
Links
- The secondary sector of the economy of Bahrain
- Bahrain's 'honesty' keeps its economy freest in region // Daily Star (Beirut), January 6, 2006
- Gulf News // Bahrain ranked freest Arab economy, January 7, 2006
Notes
- ↑ The World Factbook . Date of treatment March 3, 2015.
- ↑ Ease of Doing Business in Bahrain . Doingbusiness.org. Date of treatment January 23, 2017.
- ↑ Export Partners of Bahrain . CIA World Factbook (2014). Date of treatment January 19, 2016.
- ↑ Import Partners of Bahrain . CIA World Factbook (2012). Date of treatment July 23, 2013.
- ↑ Sovereigns rating list . Standard & Poor's. Date of treatment May 26, 2011.
- ↑ Bahrain increased oil production in 2015 // RIA
- ↑ Bahrain discovered the largest shale oil and gas field in the world // RIA