Yuzhny (Moskovsky) River Station is one of the two passenger river stations in Moscow (together with the North ). Located in the Southern Administrative District in the Nagatinsky Zaton area on the left bank of the Nagatinskaya floodplain , at the spot where the Moskva River is straightened. Of the three Moscow river ports, the South port is the largest [1] .
| Sight | |
| South River Station | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A country |  Russia |
| Location | 115432, Moscow , Andropov Avenue , Building 11, Building 2 |
The South River Station changed its location several times. From 1932 it was located in the Kozhukhovskaya (South) harbor of the Moscow port , located on the banks of the Moscow River near the village of Kozhukhovo, above the Perervinsky dam [2] . In 1972, the station was moved downstream to Nagatinsky backwater , the wooden building was dismantled, and the landing stage served as a landing stage . In 1985, a permanent station building of reinforced concrete structures was built on the coast [3] .
Content
Wooden building (1932-1972)
The first building of the Moscow River Station was built in 1932 according to the project of Roman Higer and was located at 3 Warsaw highway , near Danilovsky Bridge [4] . South (Kozhukhovskaya) harbor then was the end point of the Moscow-Oka waterway. Steamboats going to Oka , Volga and Kama [2] departed from here. The building consisted of two pavilions - a suburban and the main one - connected by a one-story transition, and was built of wood. Only the central parts of the pavilions were made of bricks. The light ground floor contrasted with the octahedral apex of the two-story central pavilion. The vertical axis of the octahedron continued with a dome and ended with a spire topped with a ball - it was supposed to install a strong source of light [5] .
In the project of the station, much attention was paid to the harmony of color and the smooth transition of one space to another. The colonnade of the main vestibule intersected the prospect of the main staircase, which led to the waiting room, located in the octahedron of the second floor. There was also a restaurant, the dome of which was painted in dark ultramarine color and covered with relief stars, conveying the mood of the southern sky [6] . The first floor of the main pavilion was divided into target zones: on the left were the rooms of the mother and child, on the right - office space, on the second floor - a hotel for passengers. In the decoration, different shades of yellow and coffee colors were used, but during the transition to the waiting room, the caissons of the ceiling are painted in ultramarine to prepare the viewer to perceive the intensely blue dome [5] . In the suburban pavilion there was a waiting room, a ticket office and restrooms. The color scheme of the interior was in harmony with the main pavilion: light coffee, yellow and brick shades were used [7] . At the time of the construction of the station, there was already a plan for the reconstruction of the area, so the building was put on an earth mound [8] and was considered temporary [4] .
Debarcader (1972-1985)
Since 1972, after the deepening of the Novinsky Sleeves, the South River Station was transferred downstream and was located on a temporary landing stage , which was located on the right bank of the Moscow River on Nagatinskaya Embankment metro bridge ). The former wooden building of the station was dismantled in connection with the reconstruction of the Nagatinskaya Embankment [9] . The station located on the landing-stage served passengers on the transit line Moscow- Gorky -Moscow ( Moscow round-the-way route), local lines Moscow- Ryazan , Moscow- Konstantinovo [10] .
Modern building (since 1985)
| External images | |
|---|---|
| South River Station after 1985, facade decorations | |
| Sculptures-symbols of the five seas [eleven] | |
| Compass [eleven] | |
The modern South River Station was built in 1985 and has been open to passengers since 1986 [12] . Some sources [13] ascribe the authorship of the project to Alexey Ruhlyadev , architect of the Northern River Station of Moscow . However, Aleksey Rukhlyadev died in 1946 [14] , while the modern station building was built in 1985. According to another version, the author of the project of the modern South River Station is Yury Kogan, the author of a similar project in Samara [11] . The new two-storey building stretches along the coast and is designed in the style of Soviet modernism with a characteristic massive glazing and a general urban design. On the facade of the building was a sculpture group, the author of which was Salavat Shcherbakov [15] . Five female figures symbolized the five seas with which Moscow is connected by waterways: the Sea of ββAzov , the Baltic , the White , the Caspian , the Black . At the end of the facade was another sculpture - a large compass with the symbol of Moscow in the center. The building was crowned with a high spire with a tip in the form of a silhouette of a sailboat [11] . The first ship went from the station "Pavel Yudin" [16] , a tourist flight to Astrakhan [17] .
The management of the station in 2008 announced its intention to reconstruct the entire territory and preserve all its functions [18] . However, after the repair of 2013, sculptures and the sign βSouthern River Portβ disappeared from the building. Since the beginning of the 2000s [11] , a fair of children's goods has been located in the station building [19] . The festive opening of the season of pleasure navigation in 2012 took place in the South River Port for the last time, since 2013 the event has been held on the Gorky Park pier [20] . According to TASS , in May 2017, the Government of Moscow appealed to the Arbitration Court of the capital with a claim for demolishing the station building as an illegal construction. The lawsuit states that the building was reconstructed illegally and with βsignificant violations of town planning standardsβ [21] .
Notes
- β Podkolzin Vladimir. Point of view: Port rework . Vedomosti (2013-12-9). The date of appeal is May 26, 2017.
- β 1 2 Berezinsky, 2013 , p. 163
- β Kostorogov Evgeny. How Moscow wanted to water . Moslenta (May 16, 2017). The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
- β 1 2 Fedenko, 1948 , p. 89
- β 1 2 Heeger, 1940 , p. 6
- β Heeger, 1940 , p. 7
- β Heeger, 1940 , p. eight
- β Heeger, 1940 , p. 9
- Southern River Station (inaccessible link) . Portal Moscow Passenger. The appeal date is June 4, 2012. Archived December 30, 2013.
- β Moscow river ports (inaccessible link) . Great Soviet Encyclopedia . The date of circulation is June 4, 2012. Archived March 4, 2016.
- β 1 2 3 4 5 Moscow, South River Station on the Moscow River . Cruise news agency Cruiseinform.ru. The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
- β Baranova S. I., Belyaev L. I., Iofis M. A. Moscow. Science and culture in the mirror of the ages. Moscow: AST. The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
- β South River Station . Moscow International Portal. The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
- β Rukhlyadev Alexey Mikhailovich . Project Soviet architecture. The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
- β Shcherbakov Salavat Aleksandrovich . Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation. The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
- β Andrey Kuz'michev. Photos of the ship "Pavel Yudin" (June 13, 2011). The date of appeal is May 26, 2017.
- β South River Station . Fleet Service. The appeal date is February 14, 2013. Archived February 15, 2013.
- β Our task is to preserve the enterprise as a cargo port, and not to develop the territory with entertainment centers . OJSC Southern River Port (April 22, 2008). The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
- β History of the Nagatinsky Zaton area . Government district Nagatinsky backwater of the city of Moscow. The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
- β On the Moskva River, the 80th navigation opened . Moscow24. The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
- β The Government of Moscow through the court demands to demolish the building of the South River Port . TASS (2017-05-3). The appeal date is May 25, 2017.
References
- Berezinsky A.R. Channel Moscow-Volga. - Ripol Classic, 2013. - p. 162.163. - 328 s. - ISBN 978-5-458-39874-9 .
- Fedenko I.I. Moscow Canal . - Moscow: Publishing House of the Ministry of the River Fleet of the USSR, 1948. - 170 p.
- Higer R. Ya. Architecture of river stations. - Moscow: State Architectural Publishing House of the USSR Academy of Architecture, 1940. - p. 6-9. - 56 s.