Aegis (BIUS)

Work on the creation of a promising Aegis combat control system designed to destroy air-ship and ship-to-ship aircraft and missile weapons began in December 1969. A prototype system was installed on the USS Norton Sound (AVM-1) pilot ship in 1973.

The first ship equipped with the Aegis system, the USS Ticonderoga (CG-47) Ticonderoga missile cruiser, was added to the fleet list on January 23, 1983. Vertical Launch ( UVP ) Mk 41 was the first to receive the missile cruiser.

In subsequent years, the system was repeatedly subjected to deep modernization in order to increase the effectiveness of its information-reconnaissance and strike-combat components. The implementation of a long-term installation and modernization program for this system is entrusted to both the Navy and the US Missile Defense Agency, which is the lead body responsible for the development, creation and deployment of the US missile defense system on a global scale ^[4] .

According to the US Navy website ( http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=2100&tid=200&ct=2 ), as of November 2013 the USA had 74 ships equipped with the Aegis system, of which 22 cruisers and 52 destroyers. The long-term shipbuilding program of the Navy, which will be implemented in the financial years 2011–2041, provides for the modernization of up to 84 such ships under this system ^[4] .

The main element of the system is the AN / SPY-1 all - round radar of modifications A, B, or D with four passive phased antenna arrays ^[5] with a total average radiated power of 32–58 kW and a pulsed power of 4–6 MW ^[6] . It is able to carry out automatic search, detection, tracking of 250-300 targets and guidance on the most dangerous of them to 18 missiles . The decision to defeat targets threatening the ship can be taken automatically.

Missiles can be launched from inclined-launch launchers of the Mk 26 type (withdrawn from service) and universal vertical launch launchers of the Mk 41 , located below the main deck of cruisers and destroyers used to house the system.

Computer control systems and decision support are the core of Aegis. They allow you to simultaneously solve the tasks of air defense, anti-submarine defense and strike at enemy ships.

The initial development of the AEGIS (Airborne Early Warning Ground Environment Integration Segment) system was launched by the Missile and Surface Radar Division , a RCA division specializing in rocket systems and ground radars, which was later acquired by General Electric . Here, the development of this system was continued by the branch of Government Electronic Systems . In 1992, this and several other GE aerospace divisions were sold to Martin Marietta , which joined Lockheed Martin in 1995.

American ships equipped with Aegis initially used Standard-2 missiles, and some of them are currently being converted to Standard-3 missiles.

If the SM-2 Block IV interceptor missiles are used to destroy ballistic missiles in the atmosphere at the final stage of their flight, and their warhead is equipped with a fragmentation warhead with conventional explosives, the SM-3 interceptor missile destroys ballistic missiles located in the middle of the trajectory and flying outside the atmosphere, using a kinetic warhead, that is, by shock-contact interaction ^[4] .

Tests on the Aegis program began in 2002. As of 2014, 29 successful target captures have been completed ^[7] .

• November 6, 2007 : For the first time, a successful interception of a group ballistic target was completed. Both targets were destroyed as a result of the direct hit of SM-3 missiles outside the Earth’s atmosphere, at an altitude of about 180 km. The fire was fired from the Ticonderoga missile cruiser under the control of Aegis version 3.6.

• On February 21, 2008, the SM-3 missile launched from the USS Lake Erie (CG-70) missile cruiser in the Pacific Ocean hit the USA-193 emergency reconnaissance satellite at an altitude of 247 km.

• June 24, 2008 : successful testing of SM-6 missiles ^[8] .

• April 5, 2011 : successful interception of an intermediate-range ballistic missile ^[4] .

• November 6, 2014 : simultaneous interception of two cruise missiles and one ballistic missile over the Pacific Ocean. Shooting was conducted from a USS John Paul Jones (DDG-53) Arly Burke missile destroyer in the Hawaiian Islands ^[7] .

• July 3, 1988 . Airliner Airbus A300B2-203 of Iran Air , flying a commercial passenger flight IR655 on the route Tehran - Bandar Abbas - Dubai over the Persian Gulf , was attacked and shot down by the SM-2MR ground-to-air missile launched from the Vincennes missile cruiser US Navy . The attack was successful - the rocket hit the plane, as a result of which it collapsed in at least two parts and crashed into the sea. All 290 people on board the aircraft died - 16 crew members and 274 passengers (including 65 children). The US government sees the incident as a military incident and believes that the cruiser’s team acted in accordance with current circumstances. Later, the cruiser commander was awarded the Legion of Honor Order for his successful service from 1987 to 1989.

Currently, the software version is used AIBIS Aegis 3.6.1 and improved version 4.0.1. In the coming years, the Navy and the US Agency for Missile Defense plan to install new versions of software 5.0, 5.1 and 5.2, which will be provided with new processors for use on SM-3 interceptor missiles . The US Missile Defense Agency is also modernizing the missile defense systems themselves - expanding the capabilities to track complex ballistic missile targets, strengthening the functions of actively initiating a malfunction in the software for overcoming missile defense systems installed on ICBMs and SLBMs of a potential enemy, developing sea-based anti-ballistic systems of greater range and effectiveness ^[4] .

• Aegis BMD 3.6.1 - 2008 - capable of shooting down missiles with a flight range of up to 3,500 km, missile SM-3 Block IA;
• Aegis BMD 4.0.1 - 2014 - it is assumed the ability to shoot down missiles with a flight range of up to 5500 km, missile SM-3 Block IA / IB;
• Aegis BMD 5.0.1 - 2016 - the ability to shoot missiles with a range of up to 5500 km, missiles SM-3 Block IA / IB and SM-6;
• Aegis BMD 5.1.1 - 2020 - the ability to shoot missiles with a range of up to 5500 km, limited to ICBMs, SM-3 Block IA / IB / IIA and SM-6 missiles is assumed;
• Aegis BMD 5.1.1 (4th phase) - 2022 - assumes the ability to shoot down missiles with a flight range of up to 5500 km, limited by ICBMs, SM-3 Block IA / IA / IB / IIB, SM-6 missiles.

• The detection range of high-altitude aerospace targets (VC) when searching in the upper hemisphere of space is limited to approximately 320 km.
• The SPY-1 radar operates in the decimeter range, and they are very well reflected from water, which creates a barrage of interference from their own signals. Because of this, Aegis has trouble detecting low-flying targets (RCCs).

•   Ticonderoga Cruisers
•   Destroyers like Arly Burke
•   Destroyers of the Congo type
•   Atago-class destroyers
•   KDX-III destroyers
•   Frigith Nansen frigates
•   Alvaro de Bazan frigates

In perspective ^{[ when? ] the} radar is supposed to be installed on destroyers like "Hobart" (Australia).

• Aegis Missile Defense System - US Missile Defense System
• AN / SPY-1
• AN / SQQ-89
• Typhon (BIUS)
• PAAMS

Notes

Footnotes

• Smirnov G. Ship system ZURO "Aegis" // Foreign Military Review . - M .: "Red Star", 1975. - No. 2 . - S. 91-94 . - ISSN 0134-921X .
• Poyarkov B., Yurin Yu. Multifunctional weapon system “Aegis” (Russian) // Foreign Military Review . - M .: "Red Star", 1989. - No. 10 . - S. 53-60 . - ISSN 0134-921X .
• Kozin V. “Aegis” - a direct threat to Russia // National Defense. - 2012. - No. 4 .

• AEGIS Weapon System MK-7 Military Analysis Network . Federation of American Scientists (December 31, 1998). Date of treatment November 9, 2014.
• The upgraded Aegis 4.0.1 has been tested (neopr.) . Zoom CNews (December 21, 2009). Date of treatment November 9, 2014.