Karl Ivanovich Bogdanovich ( November 29, 1864 , Lyutsin , Russian Empire - June 5, 1947 , Warsaw , Poland) - Russian and Polish traveler, geologist and ethnographer. Up to 54 years old, he lived and worked in Russia, then in Poland. engaged in geological studies of minerals in various regions of Russia (Siberia and the Far East), in many Asian countries (Persia, Kashgaria, Tibet, China), in America (mainly Alaska), in Africa and Europe. At 37 years old - Professor of Geology at the Mining Institute in St. Petersburg, At 49 years old - Director of the Geological Committee of Russia.
Karl Ivanovich Bogdanovich | |
---|---|
polish Karol Bohdanowicz | |
Date of Birth | |
Place of Birth | |
Date of death | |
Place of death | |
A country | |
Scientific field | geology |
Place of work | |
Alma mater | Petersburg Mining Institute (1886) |
supervisor | I. V. Mushketov |
Known as | Director of Geolkom |
Awards and prizes | Konstantinovskaya medal |
Content
Biography
External images | |
---|---|
photo K. I. Bogdanovich at GIN RAS |
Born December 17 ( 29 ), 1864 in the city of Lyutsin , Lyutsinsky district , Russian empire in the family of the Belarusian gentry . Brother Angel Ivanovich Bogdanovich , publicist and critic.
In 1874-1881 he studied at a military school in Nizhny Novgorod [2] .
In 1881–1886 - a student at the Mining Institute in St. Petersburg, after which he graduated from the mining engineer. In 1885, during student practice under the direction of F. Chernyshev, he conducted research on iron ore deposits in the Urals, the results of which were published in the same year in the Mining Journal.
During two years he was engaged in geographical and geological research in the Transcaspian region and north-eastern Persia .
In 1889, as a geologist, he took part in an expedition equipped by the Imperial Russian Geographical Society under the general leadership of M. V. Pevtsov in Tibet and Kuen Lun .
In 1893-1894 he was the head of the Central Siberian Geological Party, which carried out research between the Ob and Baikal .
In 1895, on behalf of the Ministry of Agriculture and State Property, he headed the expedition to study the geological structure and gold content of the Okhotsk coast and Kamchatka , which lasted three years. In the autumn of 1898, he carried out geological studies on the southern tip of the Liaodong Peninsula .
In 1900, he took part in an expedition equipped by retired colonel Vladimir Mikhailovich Vonlyarlyarsky to the Chukotka Peninsula to search for gold.
In 1901, on the instructions of the geological committee, he carried out geological studies of the eastern Caucasus in the region of the Main Range and made two new intersections near Shakh-dag and Bazar-Dyuzy .
He traveled a lot, led scientific expeditions, the main purpose of which was to study the geology of territories where scientists had not yet been. The plans of those expeditions always carried out. He was always interested in the material culture of the peoples living in the territories where the scientific expedition penetrated. He was interested in the ancient ways of recognizing precious metals and rocks, working conditions in mines, relations between miners and owners of mines, trade in precious stones, etc. The results of their observations were usually reviewed at meetings of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society, as well as the Polish Geographical Society and in other organizations . Ethnographic research Bogdanovich led mainly in Asia, the Malay Archipelago and in North Africa.
From 1902 to 1919 he was a professor at the Mining Institute in the department of geology and ore deposits. In 1912-1913, he created a capital report on ore deposits, and in 1931, on petroleum geology. The studies conducted by Bogdanovich in the Kuban-Black Sea oil region gave valuable results for Cenozoic stratigraphy, part of the Cretaceous sediments of southern Russia. Work on Central Asia contributed to seismology and outlined a tectonic scheme for this region.
In 1914-1917 he was the director of the Geological Committee of Russia.
During World War I, he worked in Petrograd in the Polish Economic Council, drawing up a plan for the use of mineral raw materials after the acquisition of Polish independence. The Bolsheviks treated him with hostility. This was one of the reasons for his decision to move to Poland in July 1919. In St. Petersburg, there are many friends left - Russians and Poles (including members of the Russian Geographical Society), whom he supported, sending them scientific literature from Poland .
Leaving from Soviet Russia to Poland, he did not immediately get a job on his qualifications. Initially, as an expert, I processed reports for the Polish group - intermediaries of the Versailles Conference. Soon Bogdanovich takes up the leadership position of the Polish representative office of the Oil Company of the Nobel Brothers .
In 1921, Jozef Pilsudski appointed him Professor of Geology at the Krakow Mining Academy , where he worked until 1935. In 1938, being already retired, heads the administration of the State Geological Institute in Warsaw. Until the end of his life he taught young people at the Krakow Mining Academy, conducting local research in Poland and abroad.
The last 9 years of his life led the Polish State Geological Survey, was the director of the State Geological Institute in Warsaw.
He died on June 5, 1947 in Warsaw.
Awards
- 1901 - Konstantinovskaya medal from the Imperial Russian Geographical Society [3] .
Memory
- Warsaw State Geological Institute issued a commemorative medal named after Karl Bogdanovich, which is awarded to people deserved in the development of geology.
Creativity Bogdanovich more than once was the subject of international conferences. One of them was organized in 1952 by the State Geological Institute in Warsaw in honor of the 100th anniversary of his birth. Three Polish-Soviet symposiums were also organized (in 1969 in Warsaw, in 1972 in Leningrad, and in 1978 in Wroclaw), devoted to a large extent to his scientific achievements. At one of the symposiums, Roman Kachmarchuk presented a sketch of the content of his doctoral thesis on Bogdanovich. .
Karl Bogdanovich’s manuscripts and publications are currently kept at the Museum of the Earth of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, at the State Geological Institute in Warsaw, at the Mining and Metallurgical Academy in Krakow, and in the archives and libraries of St. Petersburg and Moscow. They contain rich and valuable material with information about minerals, which geologists and historians are interested in.
Bibliography
Author and editor of more than 270 scientific papers [4] , among them:
- “To the geology of Central Asia. Description of some sedimentary formations of the Transcaspian region and parts of northern Persia ”(“ Western Min. Soc. ”, Vol. XXVI, 1889);
- "Geological studies in East Turkestan" ("Works of the Tibetan expedition of 1889–90 under the command of M. V. Pevtsov", part II, 1892);
- “From traveling through the center. Asia (Horn. Journ., 1892, No. 4-5, pp. 84-157);
- "North-Western Tibet, Kuen-Lun and Kashgaria" ("Izv. Geogr. Total.", T. XXVII, 1892, p. 480-504);
- "Geological studies along the Siberian railway. d. in 1893 "(" Horn. Journal. "1894, No. 9 and 10);
- “Materials on geology and minerals of the Irkutsk Province” (“Horn. Zhurn.”, 1895, No. 10, 11, 12);
- "Geological research and exploration in the Siberian line. d. ”(issue 2, 1896, pp. 1–294);
- "An outline of the activities of the Okhotsk-Kamchatka mining expedition of 1895–98" ("Izv. Geogr. Tot.", XXXV, 1899, vol. VI);
- “The geological description of the Kvantunsky Oblast, and its gold deposit” (“Materials on the Geology of Russia”, vol. XX, 1900, p. 1-237);
- “Two intersections of the Main Caucasus Range” (“Proceedings of the Geological Committee”, vol. XIX, 1902, p. 1-209).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Bogdanovich Karl Ivanovich // Big Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 t.] / Ed. A.M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1969.
- ↑ Bogdanovich, Karl Ivanovich // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extras). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ The list of awarded with distinctions of the Russian Geographical Society (1845–2012)
- К. Biography of K. I. Bogdanovich in the information system “History of Geology and Mining” of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
Literature
- Bogdanovich, Karl Ivanovich // Encyclopedic dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extra). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Zavaritsky A. N. [et al.] , On the scientific-organizational activity of KI Bogdanovich, in the book: Essays on the history of geological knowledge, in. 5, M., 1956.
- Great Encyclopedia, Volume 3, Petersburg 1901, side 366
- Ryazanov, I. A. In the mountains and deserts of Asia. Travel KI Bogdanovich. M., “Thought”, 1976. (series “ Wonderful geographers and travelers ”, p. 78 with illustrations and maps).
- Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the XVIII-XXI centuries: Geology and mining sciences. / Ed. editor IG Malakhov. M .: GC RAS , 2012. - 504 p. ISBN 978-5-904509-08-8 (e-version).
Links
- Biography, documents and bibliography in the information system " History of Geology and Mining " RAS.
- Shelohaev V. Bogdanovich Karl Ivanovich // Encyclopedia of the Russian emigration, 1997.