Efrosinya Andreevna Staritskaya (1516 [1] - October 20, 1569 ) - Princess, nee Khovanskaya (a descendant in the 9th tribe [1] [2] of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Gediminas ), wife of Andrei Ivanovich, Prince Staritsky (February 2, 1533 ).
| Efrosinya Staritskaya | |
|---|---|
 Cancer over the relics of Euphrosyne and Juliania in the Goritsky monastery | |
| Date of Birth | 1516 |
| Date of death | October 20, 1569 |
| Occupation | Princess, nun of the Goritsky monastery |
| Father | Khovansky, Andrei Fedorovich |
| Spouse | |
| Children | Vladimir Staritsky |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 1.1 Opal
- 1.2 Death and veneration
- 2 In art
- 3 notes
- 4 References
Biography
After the death of her husband, who raised a rebellion in Novgorod against the Moscow sovereign, she was imprisoned with her son Vladimir in 1537-1540 . In 1541, at the request of the princes of Shuisky , who headed the board of trustees over Ivan IV, she was released with her son, who was returned the princely inheritance. [3]
| ... the great prince Ivan Vasilyevich of all Russia granted, upon the sadness of his father Joasaph, metropolitan and his boliers, prince Vladimir Andreevich and his mother, prince Efrosinia, prince Andreevsky wife Ivanovich, released from his nanny, and ordered prince Vladimir to be in his court in prince Andreevsky Ivanov and with matter. [four] |
In March 1553 , during a serious illness of the tsar, the boyars saw in the son of Efrosinya a candidate for the Moscow throne instead of the son of Ivan IV Tsarevich Dmitry , the princess herself joined the boyars. The courtiers were divided into two parties and the victory went to the supporters of the king. [5] A cross-drive record of allegiance to Tsarevich Dmitry was compiled, which Vladimir was forced to sign, despite his mother’s objections. [6] Three times the boyars were sent to Euphrosyne herself a demand “ so that she would also put her seal on the cross-record ”, which she did, but “ she spoke a lot of swear words .” [7]
Opal
In May 1563, a denunciation to Ivan the Terrible was filed against Efrosinho and her son. [8] Accused of " untruth, " she was forcibly tonsured in the Afanasyevsky monastery under the name of Evdokia. Then she was allowed to go to the Voskresensky Goritsky Monastery founded by her and “ let her sovereign arrange services and all sorts of services according to her pleasure, and for her protection she ordered Mikhail Ivanovich Kolychev and Andrey Fedorovich Schepotiev and clerk Andrei Shul in her monastery to be. ". [9] The disgraced princess was allowed to keep with herself the servants and close nobles-counselors, who were allocated several thousand quarters of the land in the vicinity of the monastery. [10] The Goritsky monastery did not become a place of imprisonment for Euphrosyne, she was allowed to leave from it on a pilgrimage to neighboring monasteries.
Efrosinya is known for its gold-sewing workshop, arranged by her in a princely estate, and then transferred to the Goritsky monastery. 12 of her works have been preserved, six of which are in the collection of the Russian Museum . [eleven]
Doom and veneration
On October 11 [12] 1569, following the assassination of Vladimir Staritsky and most of his family, she was drowned in the Sheksna River [13] along with the nuns accompanying her (among them was the daughter-in-law of Tsar Juliania (in the monasticism of Alexander), and his wife brother Yuri ) and servants. [14] The synodic of the disgraced and Prince Andrei Kurbsky reports of her execution:
| Then he killed Vladimir Staritsky, his cousin, with his mother Euphrosyne, Princess Khovanskaya, who came from the clan of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Algerd, father of Jagiello, the King of Poland, and was truly a holy, fasting great, in holy widowhood and in monasticism shone ... [ fifteen] |
The bodies of Eurosigny and Juliania were buried in a monastery and the princesses began to be venerated by locally revered Vologda saints. [12] A chapel was erected over their burial place, and in the 19th century a stone Trinity Cathedral in which a cancer was installed over their grave with the inscription: [16]
| Here lie the Grand Duchess: 1. Euphrosyne, in the monasticism of Eudokia. 2. Juliania, in the monasticism of Alexander. 1569 October 15. These nuns, by the will of Tsar John Vasilyevich of Groznago, were drowned in the Sheksna River, which flows near the Goritskago Monastery. The eminent drowned men sailed against the water and were taken and buried with the proper honor, like the royal person. |
In 2007, two female burials were found in the Goritsky monastery, which, presumably, belong to the holy princesses Efrosinje and Juliania. [16] The collection of materials began in the Commission for the Canonization of the Saints of the Russian Orthodox Church for the establishment of general church veneration. According to another version, her tomb was in the Ascension Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin , in 1930 the sarcophagus was transferred to the basement of the Archangel Cathedral . [17]
In art
- In the film " Ivan the Terrible " ( 1944 ) by Sergey Eisenstein, the role of Princess Efrosinya is played by Seraphim Birman . The princess is shown as the head of a boyar conspiracy against Tsar Ivan IV.
- In the television series " Ivan the Terrible " ( 2009 ) by Andrey Eshpay, the role of Princess Efrosinya is played by Evgeny Simonov .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 BOGUSLAVSKY V.V. SLAVIC ENCYCLOPEDIA Kievan Rus-Muscovy. - Moscow: "OLMA-PRESS", 2003. - S. 622.
- ↑ Prince Y. V. Dolgorukov. Pedigree Russian book in 4 volumes. - St. Petersburg, 1854-1858.
- ↑ The terrible horrors of Staritsky district
- ↑ PSRL, vol. XIII. S. 135
- ↑ Karamzin N. M. “History of the Russian state”
- ↑ PSRL, vol. XIII, part II, p. 526
- ↑ Solovyov S. M. "History of Russia since ancient times"
- ↑ Vernadsky G.V. “Moscow kingdom” (Livonian war and the oprichnina)
- ↑ Recent destinies in North-Eastern Russia // Historical notes. Volume 22. 1947
- ↑ Skrynnikov R. G. "Ivan the Terrible"
- ↑ Gold-embroidery workshops of Princess Staritskaya
- ↑ 1 2 Sharomazov M.N. Chronicle of the Goritsky Monastery
- ↑ Serbov N. Staritsky (specific princes) // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
- ↑ The rout of Novgorod the Great // Flore B.N. Ivan the Terrible
- ↑ Andrei Kurbsky. The story of the Grand Duke of Moscow
- ↑ 1 2 Acquisition of the relics of locally revered holy old . Date of treatment November 16, 2009. Archived June 2, 2009.
- ↑ Panova T. D. Necropolis of the Moscow Kremlin . - 2nd, rev. and additional .. - M .: GIKMZ "Moscow Kremlin", 2003. - 71 p. - ISBN 5-88678-093-9 .