Baron Wilhelm Karlovich ( Wilhelm-Henry ) Liven (c. 1800 [1] - 1880) - Russian statesman from the Ostseey clan Liven , general from infantry .
| Wilhelm Karlovich Liven | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| him. Wilhelm Heinrich Freiherr von Lieven | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Adjutant General Baron V.K. Lieven | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date of Birth | OK. 1800 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Place of Birth | Dungof Estate , Bauska County , Courland Province | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Date of death | February 2, 1880 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A place of death | St. Petersburg | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type of army | General base | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank | general from infantry | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Battles / wars | Central Asian campaigns , the Russo-Turkish War of 1828-1829 , the Polish campaign of 1831 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 family
- 3 Military ranks and titles
- 4 notes
- 5 Sources
Biography
Born on the estate of Dungof Bauska County, Courland Province [2] . In 1817 he graduated from the Derpt High School and the following year - from the Faculty of Military Sciences of the University of Derpt ; then studied in Stuttgart and Paris .
He entered the service on November 18, 1821, as a column-leader in the retinue of His Majesty in the quarter-master unit. On January 21, 1823 he was appointed to be at the main headquarters of the 2nd Army and on January 29, 1823 he was promoted to ensign . From January 22, 1824, he was at the 3rd branch of the Military Topographic Depot and surveyed the St. Petersburg province. On August 22, 1825, Lieven received a new appointment - to be with Colonel F. F. Berge , who went on an expedition to the Aral Sea and “to exterminate the robber gangs in the Kirghiz-Kaysak steppe, causing considerable harm to our trade,” at the same time, Lieven was enlisted in the Guards General headquarters. Upon returning from the expedition, Lieven was promoted to lieutenant on August 23, 1826, and again took up topographic surveys of the St. Petersburg province. On May 7, 1827, he was sent on a special assignment to Constantinople, and on December 6 of the same year he was promoted to lieutenant.
March 7, 1828 was sent to the 2nd Army; the opening Turkish campaign gave him the opportunity to participate in the battles of Varna (on October 26, 1828 he was awarded the Order of St. Anne of the 3rd degree with a bow), Silistra (for the difference in this battle he was promoted to headquarters captains) on June 14, 1829, Shumle (August 8 In 1829 he was awarded a golden sword with the inscription "For courage" and when he took the fortress of Enos (on August 26, 1829 he received the Order of St. Anna of the 2nd degree). Among other awards for this war, Liven received the Order of St. Vladimir of the 4th degree with a bow ( November 15, 1828) At the end of the war he studied instrument mental shooting of the north-eastern part of the Balkan Range.
December 4, 1830 Lieven was sent to the army to pacify the rebellion in the Kingdom of Poland ; here he fought in the Podlaskie Voivodeship and was at the capture of Warsaw , for which he was promoted to captain on August 18, 1831 and was awarded the imperial crown for the Order of St. Anne of the 2nd degree and the Order of Virtuti Militari 4th degree. May 14, 1832 appointed divisional quartermaster of the 1st Guards Infantry Division.
In 1833, he accompanied Adjutant General Count Orlov to Constantinople with a special assignment from Emperor Nicholas I over the conflict between Turkey and Egypt , and then was sent to Asia Minor “to observe the retreat of the Egyptian troops under the command of Ibrahim Pasha and to certify whether they really left the Turkish possessions and crossed the Taurus Mountains; at the same time, Baron Lieven was entrusted with collecting information on the composition and qualities of the Egyptian troops. ” For the excellent execution of this order, he was awarded the Order of St. Stanislav of the 3rd degree.
Produced on August 30, 1834 as a colonel, Lieven was appointed chief quartermaster of the infantry of the separate Guards Cavalry Corps, and in 1836 he became the adjutant outhouse to His Imperial Majesty and repeatedly accompanied the emperor and the heir to the Tsarevich while traveling around Russia and abroad; December 6, 1837 received the Order of St. Vladimir 3rd degree. On January 29, 1841, he was appointed Chief Quartermaster of the Guards Corps. On September 22, 1842, Lieven was promoted to major general and enlisted in the Suite, three years later, on December 6, he was appointed adjutant general and appointed quartermaster general of His Majesty’s headquarters. Full member of the Russian Geographical Society since September 19 ( October 1 ), 1845 [3] . On August 7, 1849, he was promoted to lieutenant general and on November 3 of the same year he was appointed a member of the council of the Military Academy .
During the Eastern War, he was a member of the Commission for the Defense of the Baltic Sea Coast, at the end of which he participated in drawing up instructions and regulations on commandants, as well as in discussing the direction of the then designed railways .
He was a member of the Ostsee Committee on Land Reform in the Ostsee Region [4] .
From February 24, 1855 to 1861 he was the quartermaster general of the General Staff and at the same time the chief of the Topographers Corps . His surname is stamped on the jubilee medal “In memory of the 50th anniversary of the Corps of Military Topographers” for special services [5] .
December 12 was elected an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg ; September 8, 1859 promoted to general from infantry. In 1861, as a general from infantry, Lieven was appointed Governor of Riga, Livonia, Estland and Courland (he was the commander of the Riga Military District on August 10, 1864). On January 1, 1863, he was appointed a member of the State Council ; on December 15, 1864, upon request, he was dismissed from the post of governor and commander of the troops. On January 12, 1871, he was granted the title of Ogermeister of the Court of His Majesty.
Among other awards he had the Order of St. George of the 4th degree (December 21, 1842 for 25 years of service in officer ranks), St. Stanislav of the 1st degree (April 20, 1843, for the performance of special foreign orders), St. Anna of the 1st degree (December 6, 1848), the White Eagle (June 25, 1852), St. Vladimir of the 2nd degree (April 11, 1854), St. Alexander Nevsky (April 15, 1856, diamond signs for this order were granted on April 17, 1858), St. Vladimir 1st degree with swords (July 27, 1862), St. Andrew the First-Called (January 29, 1873, for fifty service in officer ranks). In addition, Lieven had many foreign orders.
He died on February 2, 1880, was buried in the Tikhvin cemetery of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra .
Family
Wife - Maria Alexandrovna Sablukova (10.22.1814-20.11.1878 [6] ), the granddaughter of Senator A. A. Sablukov and the daughter of a military engineer . According to Count S. D. Sheremetev , “the Baroness was a special Orthodox and real Christian. Having lost two adult daughters and her only son, she humbled herself before the will of God and served as an instructive example of a man who accepted the yoke of Christ ” [7] . For the merits of her husband, she was granted the cavalry ladies of the Order of St. Catherine (08.28.1856). Their children [6] :
- Sophia (08/12/1844 - 01/11/1855)
- Catherine (01/10/1849 - 05/26/1849)
- Elena (03/04/1851 - 04/21/1869)
- Nikolai Vasilievich (01.24.1854 - 09.11.1874)
Military ranks and ranks
- Entered the service of column- guided workers (11/18/1821)
- Ensign (01/29/1823)
- Second Lieutenant (08/23/1826)
- Lieutenant (12/06/1827)
- Headquarters Captain for Distinction (06/14/1829)
- Captain (08/18/1831)
- Colonel (08/30/1834)
- Adjutant Outhouse (1836)
- Major General of the Suite (09/22/1842)
- Adjutant General (12/06/1845)
- Lieutenant General (08/07/1849)
- General from Infantry (09/08/1859)
- Order of St. Anne , 3rd Art. with bow (10.26.1828)
- Order of St. Vladimir 4th art. with a bow (11/15/1828)
- Order of St. Anne, 2nd Art. (08/26/1829)
- Golden sword “For courage” (08.08.1829)
- imperial crown to the Order of St. Anne, 2nd art. (09/22/1831)
- Polish distinction " For military dignity " 4th art. (09/22/1831)
- Order of St. Stanislav 3rd Art. (1833)
- Order of St. Vladimir 3rd Art. (12/06/1837)
- Order of St. George 4th Art. for 25 years of service (12/21/1842)
- Order of St. Stanislav 1st Art. (04/20/1843)
- Order of St. Anne 1st Art. (12/06/1848)
- Order of the White Eagle (06/25/1852)
- Order of St. Vladimir 2nd Art. (04/11/1854)
- badge of honor of the immaculate service for XXX years (1856)
- Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (04/15/1856)
- diamond signs to the order of St. Alexander Nevsky (04.17.1858)
- Order of St. Vladimir 1st Art. with swords over the order (07.27.1862)
- Order of St. Andrew the First-Called for 50 years of service (01/09/1873)
Foreign:
- Prussian Order of St. John of Jerusalem (1834);
- Swedish Order of the Sword 3rd century decorated with diamonds (1838)
- Persian Order of Leo and the Sun , 2nd art. with diamonds (1838)
- Danish Order Danebrog 2nd Art. (1838)
- Hanover Royal Guelph Order 3rd Art. (1838)
- Baden Order of the Tseringen Lion , Commander's Cross (1839)
- Hesse-Darmstadt Order of Ludwig , Commander's Cross (1839)
- Dutch Order of Leo (1839)
- Turkish Order of Nishan-Ivtihar (1839)
- Sardinian Order of Saints Mauritius and Lazarus , 2nd art. (1843)
- Sicilian Order of Francis I 1st Art. (1843)
- Austrian Order of the Iron Crown 1st Art. (1843)
- Saxe-Altenburg Order of the Ernestine House 1st Art. (1846)
- Austrian Order of Leopold 1st Art. (1848)
- Württemberg Order of the Crown 1st Art. (1849)
- Prussian Order of the Red Eagle 1st Art. (1852)
- Prussian Order of the Red Eagle , Big Cross (1865)
- diamond signs to the grand cross of the Prussian Order of the Red Eagle (1866)
- Swedish Order of the Seraphim (1873)
- Austro-Hungarian Order of St. Stephen , the Great Cross (1874)
Notes
- ↑ Various sources indicate the date of birth: September 29, 1799 or 1800, and also October 11, 1800.
- ↑ Dünhof: Daugmale . Latvia. German-Latvian names of settlements . The IOP Genealogical Forum (October 6, 2008). Date of treatment April 8, 2017.
- ↑ Temporary Charter of the Russian Geographical Society. - SPb., 1845. - [4], 20 p.
- ↑ Schulz P.A. Ostzey Committee in St. Petersburg in 1856-57 Archived September 15, 2008 on Wayback Machine From Memories. GM, 1915, No. 1, p. 124-145; No. 2, p. 146-170.
- ↑ Sergeev S.V., Dolgov E.I. Military topographers of the Russian Army. - M .: 2001. - S. 499-500.
- ↑ 1 2 Petersburg necropolis
- ↑ Memoirs of Count S. D. Sheremetev / Federal Archival Service of Russia. - M.: From Indrik, 2001.
Sources
- Baron Lieven, Wilhelm Karlovich // List of generalities by seniority. - SPb. , 1872. - S. 72.
- Lieven // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 vol.] / Ed. V.F. Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-va I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- Lieven, Wilhelm Karlovich // Russian Biographical Dictionary : in 25 volumes. - SPb. - M. , 1896-1918.
- Shilov D.N., Kuzmin Yu.A. Members of the State Council of the Russian Empire. 1801-1906: Biobibliographic reference. - SPb. , 2007.