Dozor-B

The first demonstration model of the Dozor-B armored car was first presented at the weapons exhibitionZbroya and bezpeka- 2004 ”(October 27-30, 2004) ^[10] .

The development of the armored vehicle was completed in the summer of 2006 ^[11] , in 2011 the Polish company Mista ^{[1] [12]} bought the license for the production of the armored vehicle through an intermediary company (however, the preparation of the production line for Dozor-B production in Poland was completed only in 2013) ^[13] .

On May 31, 2014, Interior Minister A. B. Avakov announced the possibility of acquiring Dozor armored vehicles for the National Guard of Ukraine ^[14] , and the next day, he announced that Dozor-B would be sent for testing ^[15] . On June 4, 2014, the second Dozor-B was presented at the National Guard training ground near Chuguev, Kharkov Region ^{[16] [17]} . On June 6, 2014, the acting president of Ukraine, A. V. Turchinov, announced that 200 Dozor-B armored vehicles would go into service with the Ukrainian army ^[18] .

In July 2014, it was announced that the assembly ^[19] and the production of Dozor-B were also planned to begin at the Lviv Armored Plant GP ^[20] .

As of September 2014, the production of hulls for several armored vehicles was started, but new armored vehicles did not enter the troops ^{[21] [22] [23]} - the beginning of their mass production was delayed for several months due to the lack of engines ^[24] . On December 5, 2014, Yuriy Pashchenko, Deputy General Director of Ukroboronprom Group of Companies for Production, announced that Dozor-B series production would begin in March 2015 at the Lviv Armored Plant ^[25] .

On January 30, 2015, the President of Ukraine P. A. Poroshenko was presented with an updated pre-production model of the Dozor-B armored car ^[26] .

Weight "Dozor-B" in the standard version (with an openly mounted NSVT machine gun, without additional equipment) is 6.3 tons ^[12] .

On February 2, 2015, Ukroboronprom Group of Companies announced that 50 Dozor-B armored vehicles are planned to be manufactured during 2015. On the same day, the Ukrainian army was presented with the first production prototype of the Dozor-B armored vehicle (equipped with a combat module BPU-12.7). It is reported that the total mass of the serial “Dozor-B” (with the installed combat module) is 8450 kg ^[27] .

On February 4, 2015, the General Director of Ukroboronprom Group of Companies, R. A. Romanov, confirmed that it was planned to produce 50 Dozor-B armored vehicles during 2015 and promised that in 2016 their production would reach a level of at least 100 units ^[28] .

On April 3, 2015, the start of serial production of Dozor-B armored vehicles at the Lviv Armored Plant ^{[29] was} announced, and it was decided to manufacture armored hulls of vehicles manufactured by LBTZ from imported steel sheets of Polish manufacture ^[2] .

However, the production of armored vehicles was not immediately started ^[30] (before June 13, 2015, ten armored corps were made ^[31] , of which only two serial Dozor-B were assembled ^[32] ).

July 13, 2015 it was announced that the cost of one Dozor-B is 4 million hryvnias ^[33] .

On July 16, 2015, Ukroboronprom Group of Companies General Director R. Romanov announced that the first Dozor-B armored vehicles were planned to be transferred to the troops in the fall of 2015 ^[34] .

On September 16, 2015, S. Pinkas, First Deputy General Director of Ukroboronprom Group of Companies, said in an interview that, according to the results of testing two issued Dozor-B armored vehicles, the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine proposed to make several changes to the technical documentation (in particular, to install a different dashboard ) ^[35] .

September 18, 2015, the head of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine V.N. Muzhenko said that the mass production of Dozor-B armored vehicles is planned to begin in 2016 ^[36] .

On September 20, 2015, the third Dozor-B was released ^[37] .

On November 28, 2015, the Deputy Minister of Defense of Ukraine, Lieutenant General I. Pavlovsky, said in an interview that the Dozor-B was not accepted for service, as state tests revealed 49 shortcomings that the Ukroboronprom GC is focused on eliminating ^[38] . On December 2, 2015, the KGBM director, Yakov Mormilo, promised that the identified shortcomings would be eliminated by the end of January 2016, and announced that 10 Dozor-B armored vehicles, which should be delivered to the troops in 2016, were laid on the stocks at the Lviv armored plant under the supervision of KGBM employees. ^[39] .

On December 5, 2015, five serial Dozor-B were presented on Mikhailovskaya Square in Kiev ^[40] .

On December 6, 2015, the press service of Ukroboronprom Group of Companies announced that Dozor-B passed state tests and was recommended for adoption by the Ukrainian armed forces ^[41] .

December 15, 2015 the press service of the State Corporation "Ukroboronprom" reported that the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine has signed a contract with the Lviv Armored Plant for the production of armored vehicles "Dozor-B" for the armed forces of Ukraine ^[42] .

December 17, 2015 Ukroboronprom GK signed a memorandum of cooperation with the Czech state-owned company VOP CZ sp, within the framework of which it is planned to bring Dozor-B armored vehicles to NATO standards and help in certification of armored vehicles in Europe ^[43] .

On April 6, 2016, the press service of Ukroboronprom Group of Companies announced its readiness for mass production of Dozor-B armored vehicles at LBTZ. According to the chief engineer of LBTZ I. Churilov, the delay in production was caused by the development of technology for welding armored steel in compliance with thermal conditions, the violation of which led to the formation of cracks in the metal ^[44] .

In July 2016, the 95th separate airmobile brigade received 10 Dozor-B units ^[6]

In September 2018, Dozor-B was presented with a set of outboard booking ^[45] .

On December 3, 2018, it announced its intention to develop a radiation, chemical, and biological reconnaissance vehicle on the basis of Dozor-B ^[46] .

In the production of Dozor-B, 17 enterprises of the Ukroboronprom concern and 86 other enterprises of Ukraine of various forms of ownership participate ^[47] .

"Dozor-B" is intended for the transportation of personnel and the transport of goods in combat conditions (including the use of weapons of mass destruction). It is aero-transportable (the possibility of transportation by An-70 transport aircraft was originally provided ^[1] ).

Layout

The layout of the armored personnel carrier is made according to the automobile scheme, which allows for high passability while maintaining the convenience of work and the safety of the landing and disembarkation of the crew. The bonnet arrangement allows for convenient access to the elements of the power plant, steering, brake and air systems during their maintenance and repair.

Structurally, the machine is divided into two compartments: motor-transmission and inhabited:

• The engine-transmission compartment occupies the bow and central parts of the housing and is separated from the inhabited compartment by a sealed vibration-noise-isolating partition. In the compartment there is an engine with service systems, a transmission, the main elements of the steering, air and brake systems, as well as elements of air conditioning and heating of the inhabited compartment.
• The habitable compartment occupies the central and aft parts of the hull and serves to accommodate people, install the equipment necessary for their operation, lay equipment, ammunition and spare parts. The conditionally inhabited compartment is divided into a control compartment, a combat compartment and an airborne compartment.
  • The control compartment is located in front of the inhabited compartment and contains the driver’s workstation with the armored personnel carrier controls, as well as the commander’s workstation with installed communication and navigation tools.
  • The fighting compartment is located in the central part of the inhabited compartment and contains the workplace of the shooter with organs for aiming and controlling the machine gun installation.
  • The troop compartment is located in the aft of the inhabited compartment and contains space for landing, periscope observation devices and loopholes for firing a landing from personal weapons.

In the inhabited compartment there is a filter-ventilation unit and the main elements of ventilation, heating and air conditioning systems.

Protection

According to the official data of the developers, the first Dozor-B prototype was built using parts from the Soviet armored personnel carrier BTR-80 ^[1] .

The body of the armored vehicle is made of Polish-made Armstall 500 armored steel ^[48] and protects the crew, landing and internal equipment from small arms, anti-personnel mines and the effects of weapons of mass destruction ^[49] . The armor protection of the hull provides protection from armor-piercing bullets of small arms fired from a distance of 30 meters, as well as from fragments of a 152 mm high-explosive fragmentation projectile fired at a distance of 50 meters ^[27] .

In the middle part of the case, the protection is additionally reinforced from the inside with several layers of Kevlar ballistic fabric ^[27] .

The bottom is made of armored steel, has a cylindrical shape to provide protection against mines ^[50] . The armored personnel carrier glazing provides protection similar to the main armor protection.

Dozor-B is equipped with a filtering and ventilation unit designed to purify outdoor air of toxic substances, radioactive dust, biological aerosols, supply purified air to the inhabited compartment and create excessive pressure in it, as well as to ventilate the inhabited compartment from powder gases during firing ^[50] .

Deformation staining provides reduced visibility and reduced detection range.

Armament

The following weapons can be installed on an armored car:

• 12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine gun mount ( NSVT or KT-12.7 machine gun ) with remote control from inside the machine. The anti-aircraft machine-gun mount is equipped with a PZU-7 optical monocular periscope sight with a magnification of 1.2 and a field of view of 50 °. Ammunition is 450 rounds (three ribbons of 150 rounds) ^[8] . The vertical pointing angles are from −3 ° to + 68 °, and horizontally 360 °.
• 30-mm automatic grenade launcher KBA-117 ^[51]
• 130-mm anti-tank missile system " Barrier " with an ammunition load of 16 missiles, which are placed on racks in the airborne compartment (instead of places for landing) ^[1]
• “Blik-2” combat module - a remotely controlled machine-gun and grenade launcher system (12.7 mm machine gun, 30 mm automatic grenade launcher and smoke grenade firing device, first presented on September 11, 2014 at the ADEX-2014 arms exhibition) ^{[52 ] [53] [54]}
• BMP combat module “Cyborg” (remotely controlled 12.7 mm NSV Utes rocket ^[55] and 40 mm UAG-40 grenade launcher) ^[56]
• BPU-12.7 combat module (remotely controlled 12.7 mm machine gun with a laser rangefinder ) ^[57]
• "Viy" combat module (remotely controlled 23-mm GSH-23 L double-barreled automatic gun with an optical-television sight OTS-20.01). Ammunition is 250 rounds ^[58]

Surveillance devices

The area is monitored through glass blocks, as well as through daytime observation devices (there are two daytime observation devices TNPO-160 and four daytime observation devices TNP-165A). In addition, in conditions of poor visibility or at night, the driver can use the TVN-5 night vision device ^[59] .

Engine and transmission

Initially, a four-stroke, four-cylinder in-line DEUTZ BF 4M 1013 FC diesel engine (190 hp) was manufactured in Germany with a turbocharger and intercooled air cooling (intercooler) ^[26] .

Subsequently, it was announced that two types of engines could be installed on Dozor-B: DEUTZ BF 4M 1013 FC (190 hp) ^[7] or IVECO 8142.38.11 (140 hp) ^{[ 8]} .

January 30, 2015 it was announced that the design of Dozor-B had been amended to allow for the production of armored vehicles with five different types of engines ^[26] .

Power transmission - mechanical, provides a constant transmission of torque from the engine to all wheels. The power transmission includes a gearbox, transfer case, wheel gearboxes, front and rear final drives and cardan shafts.

Hydromechanical transmission Allison 1000LCT ^[7] .

Communications and Navigation

To provide external communication, a R-173M radio station and a R-173PM radio receiver (operating frequency range 30–75 kHz) were installed on the pre-production sample, and internal communication and switching equipment AVSK-1 ^[50] and radio navigation equipment were used to provide internal communication SN-3003 “Basalt” (designed to continuously determine the coordinates of the place, time and absolute path vector of the object from the radio signals of the GLONASS and GPS NAVSTAR systems at any point in the world, at any time, regardless of weather conditions, tasks, indication of navigation parameters) ^[50] .

In August 2014, the chief engineer of the Lviv armored plant V. Androshchuk announced that a foreign-made import radio station would be installed on Dozor-B ^[60] . In April 2015, he announced that a decision had been made to install a Polish-made radio station on Dozor-B ^[2] .

Habitat Systems

Dozor-B is equipped with ventilation systems, a heating system and air conditioning. The ventilation system with forced air circulation is designed to ensure the supply of fresh air to the inhabited compartment and the removal of powder gases when firing a small arms amphibious assault when the filtration and ventilation unit is turned off.

The liquid-type heating system provides comfortable living conditions for the crew and the landing of an armored personnel carrier in the cold season by heating the air in the inhabited compartment and blowing windshield with warm air.

The air conditioner creates comfortable living conditions for the crew and the landing of the product in the hot season due to cooling or ventilation of the air in the armored personnel carrier, while ensuring:

• air cooling at outdoor temperatures from 20 to 55 ° C;
• air ventilation without cooling or heating throughout the operating temperature range of the armored personnel carrier.

Special equipment

• Centralized tire inflation system - provides automatic maintenance of the specified tire pressure, allows you to control and change the tire pressure from the driver's seat, depending on road conditions.
• Winch - designed for self-extracting a stuck armored personnel carrier, as well as for pulling out other stuck vehicles of similar weight.

• Dozor-A is a multi-purpose off-road vehicle, first shown at the ISPEK-2004 exhibition in December 2004. Mass - 3.5 tons, carrying capacity - 2 tons ^[61] .

• "Dozor-B" (V1320) - the first version of an armored car , a prototype of which was developed in 2004-2007 ^[62] and presented at the international arms exhibition IDEX-2007 in February 2007 ^{[7] [63]} , was offered for export ^[64] , but not commercially available ^[65] . Equipped with satellite navigation device SN-3003 and winch WARN XD 9000i. In July 2014, the cost of one armored car was about 3 million hryvnia ^[66]
• "Dozor-B" (V1320-1 / V1320A) - the second version of the armored car , developed in 2014-2015. The car received a different layout of the landing compartment (the capacity of which increased from 9 to 10 people); more powerful winch (traction increased from 4100 to 6800 kgf); tool boxes on the sides (which increased the width of the machine by 50 mm, up to 2450 mm); new fuel tank (volume increased from 146 to 180 l); modernized instrument panel, smoke screening system, subporometer, DRG-T radiation reconnaissance device, updated satellite navigation system SN-3003M, automatic fire extinguishing system, pre-heater, exhaust fans for powder gases, carriages, electric windshield and side mirrors. As a result, the mass of the machine increased by 100 kg ^{[67] [68]}
• “Oncilla” ^[69] is a pilot modernized version of “Dozor-B” made in Kharkov and sold to Poland in 2013 ^[70] ; since 2013 it has been produced under license by the Polish company “Mista” ^[71] , modified to ensure compliance with standards Ballistic and Mine Defense NATO up to level 3 STANAG 4569 ^[72] .

• September 1, 2014 at the XXII international exhibition of defense technologies MSPO-2014 was shown a demo of the Oncilla armored car, upgraded with the participation of the French company Lacenaire Limited Co. Lattice shields ^[73] , new chassis parts and a new steering wheel ^{[12] are} installed on the armored car
• May 19-21, 2015 at the IDET 2015 arms exhibition (Brno, Czech Republic) another demonstration model of the Oncilla armored vehicle was presented - modernized by the Cypriot company Lacenaire Ltd. (on which instead of a DEUTZ BF 4M 1013 FC diesel engine with a power of 190.5 hp an IVECO NEF 4 ENTC engine with a power of 209.5 hp is installed; also an upgraded version has a US Allison 1000 transmission and a FONET radio station manufactured by a Polish company "WB Electronics") ^[74]

• "Hort" is an option with an increased wheelbase up to 3400 mm; the mass-size model of the armored car was presented in January 2016 ^[75] .

On the basis of Dozor-B, it is possible to create a series of armored combat vehicles for various purposes ^[7] (general-purpose vehicle, armored car, armored personnel carrier, radiation and chemical reconnaissance vehicle, command vehicle, reconnaissance and patrol vehicle, landing machine, self-propelled anti-tank missile system , fire support vehicle (120-mm self-propelled mortar), medical vehicle, police vehicle) ^[50] .

•   Poland - one prototype, as of 2013 ^[3]
•   Senegal - at least two cars in the Oncilla version as of 2017 ^[4]
•   Ukraine - more than 10 Dozor-B as of 2018 ^{[5] [6] [76]}

Sites and Articles

• Armored personnel carrier DOZOR-B // official site of the Kharkov Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering named after A.A. Morozova
• Dozor-B // site "Army Guide"

Video

• YouTube video
• YouTube video
• YouTube video