The year

In Russian, the term has several similar meanings derived from the verb "fly."

Dive - hole in the metallurgical smelting furnaces for the production of molten metal , matte or slag .

It is used primarily in blast furnaces, ferroalloy and electric arc furnaces, cupola furnaces . It is used for the production of iron (cast iron tap) or slag (slag tap). Usually in the oven make up to four pieces.

The cast-iron notch is usually a horizontal or inclined channel of rectangular cross-section in the refractory laying of the hearth of the furnace. Molten cast iron from the pits merges into the main cast iron chute located on the foundry yard.

The slag fly is usually a horizontal opening of a circular cross section extending outwards in the refractory laying of the hearth of the furnace. Periodic release of the upper slag from the board is made in the periods between the releases of iron.

The duration of the release of smelting products is within an hour, whereas the time for closing the fly is measured in seconds. After each release, the holes are sealed with a refractory sealing (taped) mass. Previously, clay was used as a mass, currently special quartzite or high-alumina anhydrous masses with a synthetic binder are used.

On modern furnaces, after the end of production, the flyer is clogged with a special machine or a “gun” with a hydraulic or electric drive .

The hydraulic cast iron lathe closing machine (MZChL) includes a turning mechanism and a pressing mechanism. The rotation of the machine is carried out with the help of a hydraulic cylinder of rotation and a lever system. Pressing cylinder squeezes the pulp mass into the fly.

For slag bits, a slag stop is also used, also equipped with a pneumatic actuator or electric drive . Hydraulic equipment, electrical cables are protected from high temperature by covers. A drill machine with a perforator is used to open the can, which drills the can in a few minutes. All machinery and machines in the casting yard are controlled remotely from the control panel .

In electric melting furnaces, the holes are arranged in the form of an eccentric hole in the hearth in order to reduce the ingress of nitrogen and slag into the molten steel .

Tap - hole in the bottom of the furnace of a steam or hot water boiler for the release of slag .

The furnaces of coal-fired boilers may be solid or liquid slagging depending on the state of the slag leaving the boiler. The first ends at the bottom of a rectangular "cold funnel" with slopes of the front and rear walls 55-60 °. Under the cold funnel is located the flush shaft , in which the tap is located with an outlet for slag production in the slag-receiving device.

The furnaces with liquid slag removal have, under the inclined to the canals, 10–12 ° for the flow of the liquid slag. The furnaces of gas fuel oil boilers are horizontal under or under with a slight slope. Under the boilers, slag-receiving devices are installed with continuous slag removal.

Tap ( fly ) - a hole in the hive for the owner and departure of the bees .

• Letka - an article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia .
• Fly ; Letka // Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language : in 4 t. / Ed.-comp. V.I. Dahl . - 2nd ed. - SPb. : M.O. Wolf Typography, 1880–1882.
• Year in metallurgy (inaccessible link)
• Eccentric Bottom Tapping (unavailable link) (English)
• Iron Casting Machines
• Pulp mass