Maurice Duverger ( fr. Maurice Duverger ; June 5, 1917 , Angouleme , Charente Department - December 17, 2014 ) - French scientist, state scientist, professor of political sociology at the University of Paris (since 1955 ), political observer for the newspapers Mond , Libération and Nouvel Observer ”, author of numerous books on constitutional law and political sciences [4] . He gained fame for his contribution to political science and, in particular, to the classification of parties and party systems.
| Maurice Duverger | |||
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| Place of Birth | Angouleme , France | ||
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| Scientific field | Political sociology | ||
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Content
Biography
He graduated from the faculty of law in Bordeaux . In his youth, for some time he was a member of the fascist French People’s Party , but by the end of World War II he joined the Resistance. In 1955-1985 he taught in Paris. During the Cold War, he was one of the scientists of the left-liberal direction; opposed the remilitarization of Germany , colonial wars and neo-fascism .
He gained fame thanks to his work in the field of political science. The works characterize the departure from the legal method of researching the political organization of society, the requirement of a sociological approach to political institutions and processes. He focused on the sociology of political parties and political regimes, the general theory of politics, and the methods of political science. He proposed to subdivide modern parties into personnel and mass. He formulated the "three sociological laws" of the relationship of electoral and party systems [5] :
- proportional election system leads to the emergence of a multi-party system, characterized by the existence of autonomous parties with a rigid internal structure;
- the absolute majority electoral system creates a party system in which parties occupy flexible positions and seek mutual compromise;
- the relative majority election system influences the formation of a bipartisan system .
From 1989 to 1994, Maurice Duverger, a member of the European Parliament , was elected as an independent candidate on the list of the Italian Communist Party .
Honorary Member of Academies
- Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
- Member of the Academy of Sciences of Finland
Rewards
- Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor
- Commander of the National Order of Merit
Dr. Honoris causa
Maurice Duverger is a Honoris causa doctor at several universities, including:
- University of Siena
- University of Geneva
- University of New Jersey
- University of Milan
- University of Barcelona
- University of Warsaw
- Sofia University
- University of Prague
- University of Athens
Compositions
- Les constitutions de la France, P., 1943, 7 ed., P., 1961;
- Les partis politiques, P., 1951, 5 ed., P., 1964;
- Duverger M. Political Parties / Per. with french - M.: Academic Project, 2000.538 s. Series "Concepts" ISBN 5-8291-0096-7
- Démain, la République ..., P., [1958];
- Les méthodes de la science politique, P., 1959;
- De la dictature, P., [1961];
- La Sixième République et le régime présidentiel, P., [1961];
- Introduction à la politique, [P., 1964];
- Les méthodes des sciences sociales, 3 ed., P., 1964;
- La sociologie politique, P., 1966, 3 ed., P., 1968;
- La démocratie sans le peuple, P., 1967.
See also
- Duverger Law
Links
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 142891835 // General regulatory control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ 1 2 BNF identifier : Open Data Platform 2011.
- ↑ Babelio
- ↑ Maurice Duverger (1917-) (French)
- ↑ Political Thought of Modern Times. Persons, ideas, concepts: A quick reference / Comp. Mikhailova E.M. - Cheboksary: CHKI RUK, 2010, p. 14.