Baronet Yakov Vasilyevich Willie , Villier [1] (at the birth of James Wiley ; English Sir James Wylie, Bart. , Sometimes also William 1st ; November 20, 1768 , Kinkardin-on-Fort , Scotland - March 2, 1854 , St. Petersburg ) - military doctor, surgeon of the Russian imperial court, organizer of military medical affairs in the Russian army; Actual Privy Councilor (1841). In 1808–38 President of the Medical and Surgical Academy .
| Yakov Vasilievich Willie | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| James wylie | ||||||||||
| Date of Birth | November 20, 1768 | |||||||||
| Place of Birth | , Scotland , UK | |||||||||
| Date of death | March 2, 1854 (85 years old) | |||||||||
| A place of death | Saint Petersburg Russian empire | |||||||||
| A country | Great Britain, Russia | |||||||||
| Scientific field | doctor , surgeon | |||||||||
| Place of work | IMHA | |||||||||
| Alma mater | University of Edinburgh | |||||||||
| Known as | Life Surgeon of Emperors Paul I , Alexander I and Nicholas I , President of the Medical and Surgical Academy | |||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
- 1 Biography
- 2 family
- 3 Awards
- 4 memory
- 5 notes
- 6 References
Biography
By origin - a Scot , the son of a pastor, studied in Edinburgh in 1786-1790, in 1794 he received an absentee doctor’s degree in medicine in Aberdeen . In 1790 he arrived in Russia. He began his service as a military doctor of the Yelets regiment in Lithuanian and Polish lands. He moved forward thanks to the successful operation on I.P. Kutaisov in 1795 . Since 1799, he was a life-surgeon of Paul I , who signed the death certificate of Paul from an “apoplexy stroke”, then the life-surgeon of Alexander I and Nicholas I.
The chief medical inspector of the army since 1806, the director of the medical department of the Ministry of War in 1812-1836. Member of the wars of the Alexander period. After the Battle of Preisis Eilau personally operated on M. B. Barclay de Tolly . In 1812, he was the chief physician of the army, a participant in the Battle of Borodino , personally performed up to 80 operations on the battlefield and helped Prince Bagration. In 1814, on the recommendation of Emperor Alexander I, he was awarded the British prince-regent the title of baronet - the only one in Russia.
In 1808-1838 - President of the Medical and Surgical Academy . He left his post in 1838 in connection with the attack of a student at the academy against a professor. Publisher of the first Russian medical journal (1811 - The General Journal of Medical Science, 1823 - The Military Medical Journal ).
By the rescript of King George III of Great Britain on May 25, 1819, Yakov Vasilyevich Willie was elevated to the rank of baronet , and on February 2, 1824, Jacob Willie was recognized as a baronet in the Russian Empire [2] .
He lived on the Promenade des Anglais in house 74. He bequeathed his entire fortune to the construction of the Mikhailovsky Clinical Hospital . The hospital built after his death, which was called Clinical Hospital of the Baronet Willie (Mikhailovskaya) before the October Revolution, was designed for 150 patients, operated for nine academic months of each year [3] .
He was buried at Volkovsky Lutheran cemetery .
Family
Villier's nephew, also Yakov Vasilievich - 2nd Villier (died in 1850) - was the chief doctor of military schools, the life physician of the great princes of the imperial house. Brother, Walter Wiley, was a Scottish shipowner, captain on the Edinburgh-Petersburg line.
Rewards
- Diamond ring with monogram E.I.V. (1804)
- Order of St. Vladimir , 2nd degree (09/22/1812)
- Order of St. Anne of the 1st degree (07/23/1814, diamond signs of this order were granted on 07/04/1821)
- Snuffbox with diamonds and monogram E.I.V. (1826)
- The same snuffbox with a portrait of E.I.V. (1828)
- Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (06/25/1828, diamond signs of this order were granted on 12/06/1838)
- Insignia for XL Years of Immaculate Service (1834)
- Order of St. Vladimir 1st degree (12/9/1840)
- French Legion of Honor , Knight's Cross (between 1807 and 1809)
- Prussian Order of the Red Eagle , 2nd degree (1813)
- Austrian Order of Leopold , Commander's Cross
- Bavarian Order of Civil Merit of the Bavarian Crown , Commander's Cross
- Wurttemberg Order of the Crown , Commander's Cross
- Prussian Order of the Red Eagle 1st degree (1835)
Memory
In 1859, a monument to the president of the academy, J. W. Willie, was erected near the building of the Military Medical Academy in St. Petersburg, according to a design by David Jensen . In Soviet times, he was transferred to the building of the former Mikhailovsky Hospital, built at the expense of a life-surgeon.
Notes
- ↑ Ville, Yakov Vasilievich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : in 66 volumes (65 volumes and 1 additional) / Ch. ed. O. Yu. Schmidt . - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1926-1947.
- ↑ Coat of arms of the baronets of Villier . http: //gerbovnik.ru.+ Date of treatment September 18, 2012. Archived October 23, 2012.
- ↑ Clinical Hospital of the Baronet Willie // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Links
- Willie, Yakov Vasilievich, Baronet // Military Encyclopedia : [18 vol.] / Ed. V.F. Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-va I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- Willie, Yakov Vasilievich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Clinical Hospital of the Baronet Willie // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Biography of J.V. Willie at Funeral-spb.ru
- Reports of Willie to Count A. A. Arakcheev about the actions of the army medical service in 1812
- biography
- Sir James Wylie, Baronet
- Doctor to the Czars
- Wylie, James (1768-1854) (DNB00 ) .