Borei ( dr. Greek Βορέας , ῤῥᾶςοῤῥᾶς "northern") - in Greek mythology [1] the personification of the northern stormy wind . Mentioned in Theogony , Iliad (V 524, etc.) and Odyssey (V 296). The Romans was known as Aquilon .
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Content
In mythology
Boreas was the son of Astraeus (the god of the starry sky) and Eos (the goddess of the morning dawn) [2] , the brother of Zephyr , Evra and Nota . Its origin indicates a connection with the elemental forces of nature. He was portrayed as a winged, long-haired, bearded, powerful deity. Thrace was considered the abode of Borea. Borey abducted the daughter of the Athenian king Erechtheus , Orifia , who gave birth to four children - Zeta and Kalaida , who participated in the campaign of the Argonauts , as well as daughters Hiona and Cleopatra [3] . He was considered a relative of the Athenians [4] .
According to legend, it could turn into a stallion with a dark mane. In this guise, Borey selected in the herd of King Dardania Erichtonius the twelve best mares, who gave birth to twelve foals from him, fast as the wind itself [5] . From the marriage with Harpy , he gave birth to the horses of Xanthos and Gift, which were subsequently presented to Erechtheus as a ransom for Oriph [6] .
Claudius Elian in his Colorful Stories writes that when the Syracuse tyrant Dionysius the Elder conducted military operations against the city of Fury in Lucania , he sent three hundred ships there. However, a northerly wind came over, wrecked the ships and thus deprived him of the fleet: “In gratitude for their salvation, the inhabitants of the Furies brought Borea victims, decided to consider him a fellow citizen, allocated him a house with a piece of land and began to celebrate the holiday annually in his honor. It means that not only the Athenians recognized Borea as their peculiarity; the inhabitants of the Furies appropriated him the nickname "Benefactor", as, incidentally, according to Pausanias, and the megalopolites " [7] .
His home is called the "seven-core grotto" [8] . In ancient times, the "boreal bed" was called the extinct volcano Elbrus .
In literature and art
He is dedicated to the LXXIX Orphic anthem [9] . The protagonist of Aeschylus’s tragedy Orifia. On the casket, Kipsela was depicted with snake tails instead of legs, abducting Oriph [10] .
The plot of the abduction by Borey Orifia adorns the pediment of the Athenian temple in Delos , often found in the painting of vases. In painting, this plot can be found in the paintings of Annibale Carracci , P.P. Rubens , S. Lebrun , F. Boucher . The image of Boreas (but in most art history sources - Zephyr) can be found in Botticelli 's painting "Spring". In 1763, the French Baroque composer J.-F. Ramot wrote his last opera (lyrical tragedy in five acts) - The Boreads ( French Les Boréades), on a plot related to Boreas and his sons [11] [12] .
See also
- Bora (wind)
- Tramontana
- Winds in ancient Greek mythology
Notes
- ↑ Myths of the peoples of the world. M., 1991-92. In 2 t. T. 1. S.183; Pseudo-Apollodorus. Mythological library I 9, 16 onwards
- ↑ Hesiod. Theogony, 380.
- ↑ Nikolai Kun. Legends and myths of Ancient Greece (with illustrations) . - The Planet, 2012-06-22. - 922 p. - ISBN 9781909115088 .
- ↑ Pausanias. Description of Hellas I 19, 5
- ↑ Homer. Iliad, VII, 220-229.
- ↑ Nonn. Acts of Dionysus, XXXVII, 155-160.
- ↑ Claudius Elian. Colorful stories. Book XII. . ancientrome.ru. Date of treatment January 26, 2018.
- ↑ Callimachus. Hymns, IV, 65.
- ↑ ORPHIC HYMNS 41-86 - Theoi Classical Texts Library
- ↑ Pausanias. Description of Hellas V 19, 1
- ↑ Parin A.V. European Opera Diary: [collection of articles ]. - Agraf, 2007 .-- 456 p. - ISBN 9785778403390 .
- ↑ melody . - Melody, 2003 .-- 512 s.
Links
- "Anemoi, Northwind"
- Myths of the peoples of the world. Encyclopedia. M., 1987.
Literature
- Borey // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.