Amalfi is a seaside town near the Gulf of Salerno in the Italian province of Salerno , the seat of the archbishop and the capital of the medieval maritime republic . The heart of the Amalfi Coast - a UNESCO World Heritage Site .
| City | |||
| Amalfi | |||
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| ital. Amalfi | |||
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| A country |  Italy | ||
| Region | Campaign | ||
| Provinces | Salerno | ||
| History and Geography | |||
| Square | |||
| Center height | |||
| Timezone | and | ||
| Population | |||
| Population | |||
| Katoykonim | amalfi, amalfi, amalfi [1] | ||
| Digital identifiers | |||
| Telephone code | +39 089 | ||
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Content
History
The city of Amalfi is believed to be founded in the 4th century by Constantine the Great . In the era of the Lombards, it was already a rich, thanks to its sea trade, and a powerful community with a republican structure, headed by life-long princes elected by the community, first bearing the name of consuls , then counts and, finally, dukes . Starting from the 9th century the family of the oldest dukes of Amalfi ruled here, whose ancestor was Manzus Fusulus (892–908). After the termination of his clan, Amalfi passed to the Duke Gizulf Salerno , and in 1077 he was annexed by Robert Guiscard to his possessions ( Apulia and Calabria ). Amalfi maritime law dominated Italy until 1570.
Since then, this city, in the era of its prosperity with a population of 50,000 and competing with Genoa and Pisa for the title of the main port of Italy, gradually fell into decline, as a result of the Norman conquest in 1100 and the plunder of the Pisans in 1135 and 1137. completely lost its meaning. Although the duchy was subsequently restored again and passed into the possession of first Prince Orsini of Salerno, then Antonio Piccolomini , nephew of Pope Pius II , and in the middle of the XVII century. Octavia Piccolomini, however, the city could no longer regain its former significance. The main occupation of the population began to serve as navigation and fishing, as well as the production of paper, company liquor limoncello and excellent pasta . Amalfi was connected by a picturesque paved road 25 km long (completed in 1852) with Vietri sul Mare and Salerno .
In 1343, the coastal part of the city was destroyed by a sea storm. The duchy fell into decay and was absorbed by the Principality of Salerno .
Attractions
The city is located on a slope of the cliff, so the houses are connected to each other by carved stairs in the cliff, while the roofs serve as gardens. Amidst all this interweaving of houses, stairs, walkways, bridges and rocks, the most luxurious vegetation consisting of grapes, orange, lemon and olive trees is breaking through everywhere. The St. Andrew’s Cathedral here is built in the rarest Norman-Byzantine style and holds the relics of St. Andrew the First-Called [6] , revered by the patron saint of the city [7] . In this regard, the city has long attracted a huge number of Christian pilgrims. The bronze doors of the cathedral were forged in Constantinople approx. 1065, and the Campanile was added in 1180–1276. Near the cathedral - openwork Gothic spans Chiostro del Paradiso (1266-68), higher on the rock - the former Capuchin monastery (1212).
Notes
- ↑ Gorodetskaya I. L., Levashov E. A. Amalfi // Russian names of inhabitants: Dictionary-reference book. - M .: AST , 2003 .-- S. 27 .-- 363 p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-17-016914-0 .
- ↑ Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011 - ISTAT .
- ↑ ISTAT - 1926.
- ↑ Popolazione Residente al 1 ° Gennaio 2018 - ISTAT .
- ↑ Frankopan, 2018 , p. 56.
- ↑ Surguladze M., Vinogradov A. Yu. , Anokhina T.A., Loseva O.V. Andrey the First-Called // Orthodox Encyclopedia . - M .: Church Scientific Center "Orthodox Encyclopedia" , 2001. - T. II. - S. 370-377. - 752 s. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-89572-007-2 .
- ↑ celebration of November 30
Literature
- Peter Frankopan . The first crusade. Call from the East = Peter Frankopan. The First Crusade: The Call from the East. - M .: Alpina Non-fiction, 2018 .-- ISBN 978-5-91671-774-7 .
- Amalfi // A - Questioning. - M .: Big Russian Encyclopedia, 2005. - P. 588. - ( Big Russian Encyclopedia : [in 35 vols.] / Ch. Ed. Yu. S. Osipov ; 2004—2017, vol. 1). - ISBN 5-85270-329-X .
- Amalfi // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.