Interstate Standard

To fulfill the requirements of technical regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union and assess compliance with the requirements of technical regulations of the Union, interstate and international standards are applied on a voluntary basis. In their absence, before the adoption of interstate standards, national standards of the Member States of the Union may be applied ^[4] .

For each technical regulation, the Eurasian Economic Commission approves two lists of standards. One is necessary to meet the requirements of technical regulations, and the second contains the rules and methods of product testing. The voluntary application of the standards included in the first list is a sufficient condition for compliance with the technical regulations of the Union . By July 2016, lists of standards for 33 EAEU technical regulations were approved. They include more 11 600 standards, of which about 3100 are developed on the basis of the international standards ISO, IEC and UNECE (26.4%) and ) ^[5] .

In Russia, the federal executive body in the field of standardization enforces interstate standards, cancels interstate standards and suspends interstate standards ^[6] . Application for the purpose of technical regulation is established in accordance with the law "On Technical Regulation" ^[7] .

OST 4498 Unified norms of building design. Administrative buildings. Administrative premises (1931)

In 1925, the Committee on Standardization was organized under the Council of Labor and Defense of the USSR . The committee was entrusted with the approval and publication of both mandatory and recommended standards ^[8] . On May 7, 1926, the Committee approved the first all-Union standard for voluntary use of OST 1 “Wheat. Selective grain varieties. Nomenclature". ^[9] On November 23, 1929, it was proposed to establish criminal liability for non-compliance with mandatory standards. ^[10]

Approved in 1931 as the recommended all-Union standard OST 1042 “Tolerances and landings. Hole system. 2nd class of accuracy. Hot Landing "is still in effect ^{[11] [12]} . OST 1043, OST 1044, OST 1069, OST 1142, OST 1143 ^[13] , OST 1214 and OST 1216 ^[14] have a similar status.

By a decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of July 10, 1940, liability was established for directors, chief engineers and heads of technical control departments of industrial enterprises in the form of imprisonment of 5 to 8 years for the production of products in violation of mandatory standards ^[15] .

In 1940, the approval of state all-Union standards was transferred from the people's commissariats to the All-Union Committee for Standardization ^[16] . From the beginning of the second five-year plan until 1941, 8600 GOSTs were developed and approved .

In 1962, the CMEA Standing Committee on Standardization and the CMEA Institute for Standardization were created, which were engaged in standardization within the CMEA . On June 21, 1974, the CMEA session at its meeting approved the provision on the standard of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance ( ST CMEA ) . CMEA standards, as they were developed, gradually replaced GOST until the collapse of CMEA in 1991 .

In 1984, administrative responsibility was established for the production or delivery (sale) of products that did not meet the requirements of standards ^[17] .

The 1991 Law of the USSR “On Protection of Consumer Rights” referred to state standards: the state standard of the USSR, the republican standard, building codes , the state pharmacopeia and temporary pharmacopeia articles on medicines ^[18] .

In the USSR GOSTs were approved:

• USSR State Committee for Standards;
• Gosstroy of the USSR;
• The USSR Council of Ministers - which are especially important for the national economy (for example: GOST 7173-54 "P43 rail rails for industrial vehicles. Design and dimensions" approved by the USSR Council of Ministers on August 25, 1954) ^[19] .

State All-Union Standards adopted by the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR were canceled by a resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR ^[20] .

As interstate standards, international standards may be adopted. The interconnection of interstate standards with relevant international standards is indicated using the following conventions for the degree of their compliance ^[21] :

• IDT - for identical interstate standards;
• MOD - for modified interstate standards;
• NEQ - for non-equivalent interstate standards.

On the title page under the name of the interstate standard, the designation and name of the applied international standard in English and the symbol of their degree of conformity are given ^[22] .

The abbreviation "OST" meant:

• since 1925 - “the all-Union standard”;
• since 1968 - the " industry standard ."

The abbreviation "GOST" meant:

• since 1940 - “the state all-Union standard”;
• since 1968 - the "state standard of the USSR";
• since 1992 - the "interstate standard."

The classifier of standards is the "Classifier of State Standards of the USSR" ^[23] , which under the name "Classifier of State Standards" (KGS) is used at the present time. The classifier is hierarchical , with an alphanumeric system of codes at three (sometimes four) levels. The first level (section) consists of 19 capital letters of the Russian alphabet , the second (class) and the third (group) levels are digital. The fourth level (subgroup) can be added after the point. The vast majority of existing standards are designated by the CGS.

The first two levels of the KGS classifier:

In Russia there are several brands of products using the abbreviation GOST ^{[24] [25]} .

The production of meat products using names that are similar to the names of meat products established by interstate (regional) standards is not allowed, with the exception of meat products manufactured according to these standards (for example, “ Doctor's ”, “Amateur”, “Moscow”, “Grain” , "Milk") ^[26] .

• National standard
• ISO