Golden eagle (spacesuit)

The spacesuit was developed in the USSR in 1964-1965 and was intended to ensure the safe passage of man into outer space and rescue during the depressurization of a spacecraft. Refers to the suits of "soft" type, that is, not having a rigid frame. The astronaut's breathing was provided by an open ventilation system.

The spacesuit kit includes: a helmet, a spacesuit suit, protective clothing. The cosmonaut's vital activity was provided by the onboard LSS of the ship or by an autonomous backpack-type system. When entering space, a halyard was used.

Helmet spacesuit rotary, quick-release fasteners. The helmet consists of a helmet, lifting glass and a light filter. The helmet is made of aluminum alloy, its dimensions do not interfere with the movement of the head. The glazing is made of organic glass. Air filter type aircraft is located inside the helmet.

The suit of the spacesuit has a three-layer sheath - the power layer is outside and two (main and reserve) airtight layers under it.

Protective clothing is a jumpsuit made of durable fabric and multi-layer screen-vacuum insulation.

The autonomous system was an oxygen device KP-55 and 3 oxygen cylinders, which were placed in a knapsack. The astronaut, before going into space, had to put on a satchel and secure it to the spacesuit using the harness. Oxygen from the cylinders was sent to the helmet, then fell under the shell of the suit and then was thrown into the environment. A backup oxygen supply system was also provided - through a hose from cylinders installed in the lock chamber. The system provided for the ability to control the pressure in the spacesuit.

The safety halyard had a length of 7 m. It consisted of a shock-absorbing device, a steel cable, an emergency oxygen supply hose and wires.

The spacesuit was used once for flights into space - during the flight of the Voskhod-2 spacecraft. The Berkuts were wearing ship commander P. I. Belyaev and pilot A. A. Leonov .

On March 18, 1965, Alexei Leonov, in the spacesuit “Berkut”, went into space for the first time in history. Outside the spacecraft, he was 12 minutes 9 seconds.

The experience gained in the operation of the spacesuit led to the start of the development of the Hawk spacesuit.

• The weight of the spacesuit is 20 kg, with a life support system of about 22 kg ^[1] .
• The weight of the knapsack is 21.5 kg.
• The pressure in the spacesuit is 400 hPa (0.4 atm) with the possibility of a decrease to 270 hPa (0.27 atm) ^[2] .
• Spacesuit work time
  • At cabin depressurization - 4 hours
  • When extravehicular activity - 45 minutes

The spacesuit was developed at Zvezda ^[3] . Autonomous life support system - at KAMPO ^[4] .

• The Orlan spacesuit
• Spacesuit "Hawk"
• The Suit "Falcon"

• Alekseev S.M., Umansky S.P. High-Rise and Space Suits . - M .: Mashinostroenie, 1973. - 282 p.

• The suit story - Equipment for the first spacewalk.
• Photos of the spacesuit "Berkut" (№ 38 and 39). Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics, Moscow.
• For the 40th anniversary of the first man in outer space (Neopr.) . SSC RF IMBP RAS. Circulation date November 28, 2010. Archived August 26, 2011.