Beyang militarists

The Beiyang militarists or the Beiyang militarist clique ( whale. 北洋 軍閥 , pall. Beiyang junf ) is a key political force in China after the Xomintang after the Xinhai revolution . It was formed on the basis of the most combat-ready units of the Qing army, created in the framework of the military reform that began in 1895 and which became known as the Beiyang army ( Kit. 北洋 軍 , Pall. Beiyang Jun ).

Representatives of different groups of this clique actually ruled China in 1912-1927. The creator of the Beiyang militarist clique was Yuan Shikai , who united militarists from among generals of Chinese origin who received a modern military education. Enjoyed exceptional authority in the army, which allowed him to manipulate the generals, using them to achieve their own goals. At the end of his life, while trying to restore the monarchy, Yuan Shikai lost credibility among the generals, which caused the beginning of a long series of inter-provincial and civil wars in China. After the death of Yuan Shikaya, the Beiyang militarist clique split into a series of cliques: the Anhui clique , the Zhili clique , the Fengtian clique . The militarist forces U Peifu and Zhang Zongchan were defeated by the Kuomintang National Revolutionary Army under the leadership of Chiang Kai-shek during the Northern Expedition 1926-27 , the dictator of Manchuria, Zhang Xuelyan, and so on. The "pink marshal" Feng Yuxiang voluntarily recognized the power of the KMT, which was the beginning of the unification of China under the auspices of the KMT.