Hillel ( Hillel the Babylonian or Hillel ha-Zaken , Hebrew הִלֵּל ; 75 BC , Babylonia - about 5-10 years) - the most significant of the teachers of the era of the Second Temple ; the founder of the Pharisee school, named after him " " (the house of Hillel [5] ).
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Biography
Born in Babylonia, came from the house of David. Despite his noble birth, he was poor and, working for himself, worked as a woodcutter .
First settles in the Holy Land at the beginning of the reign of King Herod, to learn from two sages - and Abtalion . Having become one of the best students, he returned to Babylonia, and when he came to Eretz-Israel a second time, he was already a wealthy and respected sage of the Torah. Subsequently, he received the status of Nashi , took the post of head of the Sanhedrin , to which, according to Talmudic sources, he was appointed 100 years before the destruction of the Temple (that is, in 30 BC). Thus, he became the founder of the Nesim dynasty - all subsequent chapters of Sanedrin (with the exception of Rabbi Johanan ben Zakkai , who held this post immediately after the destruction of the second temple) were his descendants.
Hillel paid much attention to the cause of the dissemination of the Torah and gave a number of methods for its interpretation. He also owns a series of decrees aimed at making life easier for the poorest.
Widely known for a number of sayings, among which [6] :
- “If I am not for myself, who is for me? And being only for myself, who am I? And if not now, then when? ”
- “Do not do what is hated by you to another - that is the whole Torah. The rest is comments. Go and learn "
- “Do not separate from society, for we are all one, do not judge your neighbor until you are in his place.”
- “Do not be lazy to learn, do not say what you will learn later - because an ignoramus is not afraid of sin, and the Torah adds life and understanding. Work hard, and the pay that awaits you in this and future worlds will be according to work. Always remember whose reflection you are, and therefore, where there are no people, try to be a man. ”
Memory
The Talmud mentions a dispute between the disciples of Hillel and another halachic authority of that time, Shammaya . Supporters of these two sages split into two religious parties and continued their argument after the death of their teachers. And, although it is believed that both opinions were true, the law was nevertheless established, following the opinion of Hillel [7] [8] .
See also
- Hillel (movement)
Notes
- ↑ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/265877/Hillel
- ↑ http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/editorials/leading-article-brevity-as-the-soul-of-wit--ndash-and-the-shorter-the-better-2375809.html
- ↑ http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mcb/jmh2/2012/00000018/00000003/art00003?crawler=true
- ↑ 8 // Preface to Mishneh Torah, Transmission of the Oral Law
- ↑ Bet-Shammai and Bet-Hillel // Jewish Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron . - SPb. , 1908-1913.
- ↑ Hillel (life stories) - rabbi biography | Judaism and Jews on Toldot.ru Neopr . toldot.ru. Date of treatment March 1, 2017.
- ↑ Hillel (life stories) - rabbi biography | Judaism and the Jews on Toldot.ru
- ↑ Hillel and Shammai
Links
- Hillel - article from the Electronic Jewish Encyclopedia