LEF ( "Left Front of the Arts" ) is a creative association that existed in 1922 - 1929 in Moscow , Odessa and other cities of the USSR .
History
It was founded at the end of 1922 in Moscow.
The core of LEF is the former futurists V.V. Mayakovsky (leader of the association), N. N. Aseev , O. M. Brik , S. M. Tretyakov , B. A. Kushner , B. I. Arvatov , N. F. Chuzhak .
LEF considered itself the only true representative of revolutionary art and competed in this field with proletarian groups “ October ” and VAPP . LEF positions included a number of literary groups in Odessa, Ivanovo-Voznesensk, Tiflis, and Novosibirsk.
The writers also participated in the activities of LEF: B. L. Pasternak , A. K. Gastev , A. E. Kruchenykh , P. V. Neznamov , S. I. Kirsanov , V. V. Kamensky , I. G. Terentyev , M. Yu. Levidov , V. B. Shklovsky , L. A. Kassil , I. E. Babel , V. Pertsov and others; artists: A. M. Rodchenko , V. F. Stepanova , L. S. Popova , V. E. Tatlin and others.
Cinematographers collaborated with LEF: S. M. Eisenstein , L. V. Kuleshov , G. M. Kozintsev , L. Z. Trauberg , Dziga Vertov , S. I. Yutkevich , E. I. Shub , etc., architects: brothers Vesnins , A.K. Burov . In 1925, the Association of Modern Architects was founded by architects-members of LEF. Philologists of the OPOYAZ association collaborated with LEF.
The basic principles of LEF's activity are the literature of fact (propaganda of the abolition of fiction in favor of documentary), production art, social order .
Many lef theorists, such as Tretyakov, generally suggested replacing literature with journalism [1] .
Lef Publications
The organs of LEF are the magazines LEF (1923-1925) and New LEF (1927-1928). In 1929, a collection of theoretical and critical articles “Literature of Fact” [2] was published.
The first issue of Lefa was released in March 1923. Mayakovsky was the responsible editor. Also, the editorial board included N. Aseev , B. Arvatov , O. Brik , B. Kushner , S. Tretyakov , N. Chuzhak .
The magazine also printed in the "Theory" section of an article by "left" directors and artists — such as Dziga Vertov and S. Eisenstein [1] .
Criticism
At various stages of its activity, LEF was harshly criticized in the magazines Under the Banner of Marxism , The New World , and the Izvestia newspaper. Among the successive opponents of LEF were V. Polonsky , D. Poor, A. Lezhnev, V. Lebedev-Polyansky and others.
After Mayakovsky and Brik left LEF in September 1928, he broke up, weakened by internal contradictions at the end of 1928. Mayakovsky’s attempt to create a REF (“Revolutionary Front”) failed in 1929, and in 1930 Mayakovsky and Aseev entered the RAPP .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Lyudmila Polikovskaya, LEF (LEFT ARTS FRONT) www.krugosvet.ru
- ↑ Literature of fact. The first collection of materials by LEF employees . - M .: Zakharov, 2000 .-- 288 p. - ISBN 5-8159-0086-9 .
Literature
- Lyudmila Polikovskaya, LEF (LEFT ART FRONT) www.krugosvet.ru
- Literature of fact. The first collection of materials by LEF employees . - M .: Zakharov, 2000 .-- 288 p. - ISBN 5-8159-0086-9 .
- Zalambani M. Literature of fact. From avant-garde to socialist realism / Per. from Italian N.V. Kolesova. - SPb .: Academic project , 2006. - 224 p.
- Cossack V. Lexicon of Russian literature of the XX century = Lexikon der russischen Literatur ab 1917 / [trans. with him.]. - M .: RIC "Culture", 1996. - XVIII, 491, [1] p. - 5,000 copies. - ISBN 5-8334-0019-8 .